Term
| Dz of Retina and Uveal tract |
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Definition
Amaurosis fugax
Central and Branch retinal artery and vein occlusion
Diabetic retinopathy
Hypertensive retinopathy
Macular degeneration
Optic neuritis
Papilledema
Uveitis
Retinal detachment |
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Term
| Transient (few minutes) unilateral blurred vision or blindness |
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Definition
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Term
| Curtain coming down over eye |
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Definition
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Term
| unless the ischemia is brief, result is blindness |
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Definition
| Central and branch retinal artery occlusion |
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Term
Acute, painless, unilateral loss of vision
complete or field blindness (irreversible)
"cherry red" macula
pallor and edema of retina |
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Definition
| Central and branch retinal artery occlusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| branch retinal artery occlusion |
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Term
| Tx of: Central and branch retinal artery occlusion |
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Definition
Dislodge emboli!!
- ocular massage (15 sec on, 5 sec off)
- CO2 breathing
- Anterior chamber paracentesis |
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Term
Semi-acute, slow, painless, unilateral loss of vision
Cotton wool spots,
dilated veins
Hemorrhages |
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Definition
| Central and branch retinal vein occlusion |
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Term
| complications of:Central and branch retinal vein occlusion |
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Definition
neovascularization (due to ischemia)
glaucoma
vitreous hemorrhage
Retinal detachment
Blindness |
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Term
Pathophys: 1. decr retinal blood flow autoregulation --> incr eye pressure --> malfunction of vessels
2. incr [sorbitol] in retinal cells
3. incr [AGE] in interstitium |
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Definition
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Term
1. Background retinopathy
2. Proliferative retinopathy |
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Definition
1. retinal ischemia progresses
2. Neovascularization occurs and can spread w/in retina or into vitreous, becoming attached to posterior pole of vitreous body (incr. risk of retinal attachment) |
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Term
SSx:
yellow, discrete deposits(hard exudates)
AV nicking
Expansion or budding of vessels
dot/blood hemorrhages
cotton wool spots (soft exudates) |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 main findings of Hypertensive retinopathy |
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Definition
1. Arteriolar thickening
2. Retinal changes resulting from vascular injury |
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Term
Hypertensive retinopathy:
Grade I and II:
Grade III and IV: |
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Definition
I and II: enhanced prominence of light reflex, vascular tortuosity, AV nicking
III and IV: copper wire then silver appearance of vessels;
- Grade III: flamed hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, yellow-white exudates
- Grade IV: papilledema |
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Term
| Dz of the central retina --> loss of central vision |
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Definition
| Macular degeneration (age related) |
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Term
| most common cause of decreased vision in the elderly |
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Definition
| Macular degeneration (age related) |
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Term
| decreased near vision acuity and blurred or distorted vision at a distance |
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Definition
| Macular degeneration (age related) |
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Term
| SSx of DRY - Macular degeneration |
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Definition
Drusen
retinal pigment epithelial abnormalities atrophy
loss of central vision
pale retina |
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Term
| SSx of WET - Macular degeneration |
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Definition
*Neovascularization
hemorrhages on retinal exam
Metamorphosia (distorted vision) |
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Term
| components of uveal tract |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
ocular pain
photophobia
circumcorneal flush
pupil small and irregular
Hypopyon |
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Definition
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Term
SSx: circumcorneal flush
inflammatory cells seen in vitreous humor
pupil constricted and irregular
cloudy vitreous
active lesion on the choroid appear yellowish-white |
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Definition
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|
Term
Tx for:
1. Anterior uveitis
2. Posterior uveitis |
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Definition
1. Corticosteroids, mydriatic, analgesics
2. dilation, systemic analgesics, steroids, glaucoma management |
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Term
| separation of sensory (photoreceptor) layer of retina from retinal pigment epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
Sudden loss of visual field in one eye like a "window shade"
- visual field defects: flashes of light, floaters |
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Definition
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Term
| most closely associated with Multiple sclerosis |
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Definition
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Term
| inflammation, degeneration, or demyelination of optic nerve |
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Definition
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Term
*loss of vision
sluggish direct papillary response
distension of large veins
retinal edema
Tx. steroids |
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Definition
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Term
| optic disc swelling due to increase intracranial pressure |
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Definition
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Term
bilateral
enlarged blind spot w/o decreased visual acuity |
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Definition
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Term
optic nerve edema
etio: venous clogs, infection
tx: treat underlying pathology |
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Definition
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