Term
|
Definition
A type of physiologic pigmentation found on dark skin people, due to
increased hormones in pregnancy
post menopausal women
found on gingiva, mouth, lips
Brown, black or blue.
DOES NOT BLANCH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of traumatic/inflammatory lesion, accidental/intentional implantation of amalgam particles into the mucosal tissues. Leeching of metal. Remnants of metal embedded during restorative work. Commonly found on gingiva. UNCOMMON ON BUCCAL MUCOSA, EDENTULOUS RIDGE, FLOOR OF MOUTH. Color is blue to grey/black. irregular shape, variable size. Surface texture is flat. Found near existing gold or amalgam. You can find this CLINICALLY & RADIOGRAPHICALLY. Prognosis is excellent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of other metal pigmentation, color is blue-grey near the ginigval margin adjacent to an implant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of other metal pigmentation, individual intentionally puts metal pigments in oral cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of other metal pigmentation that occurs with exposure to lead, copper, mercury, or silver. Caused by INHALING, INGESTING, OR CUTANEOUS EXPOSURE. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of Heavy Metal Pigmentation caused by injesting Silver salts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of heavy metal pigmentation that is caused by lead poisoning in children.Kids get it from toys, soil, paint, water, and food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of pigmentation associated with drugs. causes a blue-grey pigmentation on gums and teeth. Caused by antibiotics like tetracycline. Gives you mouth sores. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of pigmentation associated with drugs, that is caused by HIV medication |
|
|
Term
| Tobacco associated melanosis |
|
Definition
| A type of pigmentation associated with drugs, that is caused by heavy tobacco use. It STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF MELANOCYTES within the tissue. Diagnosed historically and clinically. Increases a persons risk or oral cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of pigmentation associated with drugs that is caused by a leaf tobacco found in indonesia and other asian countries. It causes mouth cancer. It is often used as a stimulant. |
|
|
Term
| Nevus/pigmented nevus/INTRAMUCOSAL NEVUS |
|
Definition
| A type of congential /genetic disorder. Commonly referred to as a mole. Located on external skin, palate, and buccal mucosa, If on mucosa its called intramucosal nevus. COLOR: grey/brown/blue. Single, well circumscribed, slightly raised, soft to firm. It's considered a papule but the difference is color. Should NOT be larger than 5mm. SHOULD BE same color throughout, symmetrical, and NOT crusty! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of congenital/genetic disorder which is caused by a focal pigmented lesion, similar to a freckle but NOT associaed with sun exposure! Location is on the LIP. Color: brown, blue, black. Single to multiple, well circumscribed, well defined borders, IN ORDER TO DIFFERENCIATE MELANOMA FROM A MACULE IS A B.I.O.P.S.Y!! |
|
|
Term
| Laugler-Hunziker Syndrome (LHS) |
|
Definition
| A disease associated with melanosis that is caused by an aquired, benign, macular hyperpigmentation of the lips and oral mucosa. Also occurs as NAIL pigmentation. Dark brown on lips and buccal. RARELY found on hard and soft palate, gingiva, and floor of mouth. Etiology is hyperpigmentation. LIPS, BUCCAL, NAILS! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of neoplam that is rare but malignant. The etiology is UNKNOWN, however, tobacco use, chronic irritation, formaldehyde, family history, and cytogenic defects may play a role is etiology. Most are precipitated by pigmented areas. Intraorally its LOCATED on, MAX Gingiva, and palate. Color: brown, red, black, blue, mixed. Asymptomatic. Slightly raised or Bullous. Irregular borders may appear EXOPHYTIC, or ULCERATIVE. Very agressive, POOR PROGNOSIS. Tx includes Excision, surgery, chemo, radiation. |
|
|
Term
| Labial, Stable/Quiescent, Permanent |
|
Definition
| The 3 catagories of Neoplasias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constant reproduction of cells, Found on Oral mucosa, skin, Lymphoid tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not usually undergoing reproduction, but reproduces if necessary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not capable of reproduction, like the heart, skeletal muscles, and nervous tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The conversion of one differentiated cell type to another. The bodies ability to adapt to physical trauma. EX: smokers bronchial epithelium undergoes metaplastic changes from normal cilia and change to mucous producing squamous epithelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the creation of abnormal cells from normal cells. EX: changes in size and shape of cells, nuclear changes, and irregular arrangement of cells. Premalignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A new growth of pathologic cells. Occurs in response to a stimulus but does not stop when the stimulus is removed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Express a wide range of characteristics that can be divided into 2 basic groups, benign and malignant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An unregulated growth. Occurs when a genetic change or mutation interferes with regulation of normal cell growth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| White plaque that CANNOT be wiped off AND CANNOT BE DIAGNOSED CLINICALLY. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oral cancer associated with long term spit tobacco use. EXOPHYTIC, THICK, LEATHERY, GROWTH, with FISSURING. |
|
|
Term
| ****!!!Benign Neoplasm!!!**** |
|
Definition
| !!!****A type of neoplasm that does not spread or metastasize to adjacent tissues, LOCATLIZED, WELL circumscribed, SLOW growth, ENCAPSULATED in a fibrous capsule, MOVES FREELY within surrounding tissues, NORMAL in COLOR, No effect on host unless it impinges on nerves or vital organs and becomes very large. Then it can be as fatal as a malignant tumor. !!!**** on test!! know it! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nomenclature that denotes benign neoplasms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In which site does a leukoplakia have the greatest likelihood of showing dysplasia or carcinoma when biopsied? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which one of the following is considered to be the cause of geographic tongue? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which one of the following terms describes the morphologic (microscopic) changes the cells go through prior to becoming malignant? |
|
|
Term
| Chronic immune-mediated mucosal and skin disorder, whereas T lymphocytes produce damage to the epithelial surface |
|
Definition
| Lichen planus can be defined as which of the following? |
|
|
Term
| When a lesion cannot be identified as any other condition. |
|
Definition
| A white lesion can be diagnosed as leukoplakia under which one of the following conditions? |
|
|
Term
| Generalized, multiple and discrete keratotic papules with depressed red centers located on the hard palate; patient reports tobacco use (cigarettes 2 pacs/day) |
|
Definition
| Which of the following is the BEST example of a complete clinical description of nicotine stomatitis? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Identify a chemical that can cause a burn in the oral cavity, causing a white plaque lesion while sometimes leaving a raw and bleeding base. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which one of the following is considered to be a premalignant lesion? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which of the following is the most characteristic presentation of lichen planus? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which of the following terms refers to the callus-like response of oral mucosa to chronic physical irritation? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hairy tongue represents elongation of which of the following papillae? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epstein-Barr virus is associated with which one of the following conditions? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Persistent or recurrent infections with Candida albicans are most often associated with which one of the following? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fordyce granules are comprised of which of the following? |
|
|
Term
| White Pseudomembranous Plaques |
|
Definition
| The most characteristic clinical feature of yeast infections (candidiasis) is their ability to form which one of the following? |
|
|
Term
| White plaques on oral mucosa that DO NOT wipe off |
|
Definition
| List the distinguishing characterisitcs of white sponge nevus? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| List the definitive diagnosis for cheek chewing: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Whitish opaqueness of the buccal mucosa that disappears when the tissue is stretched and is seen more often in African Americans, is known as which of the following? |
|
|
Term
| Linear, vertical white plaques located on lateral tongue, often bilateral, with a smooth to rough-like surface texture that present asymptomatic by the patient |
|
Definition
| Which of the following is the BEST example of a complete clinical description of hairy leukoplakia? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These neoplams invade local tissues and they metastisize to other locations. Grow RAPIDLY, When they invide it's difficult to determine where tumor begins and normal tissue ends. ASYMPTOMATIC in EARLY stages, symptoms vary. Clinically tumor appears FIXED when palpated. DIFFERENCIATED cells HISOLOGICALLY. but may bear LITTLE RESEMBLANCE TO the tissue of origin. If not fatal, may be treated if found early. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The two main types of malignant cancers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| applied to cancers arising from epithelial cells, Basal cell and squamous cell types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| denotes a growth arising from connective tissues and would be added specific tissue of origin. osteosarcoma, osteogenic, fibrosarcoma. |
|
|
Term
| ***melanoma, lymphoma, leukemia.*** |
|
Definition
| ***The 3 "oma"s that are malignant*** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant growth of melanocytes*** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant growth of lymph cells*** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant growth of WBC*** |
|
|
Term
| alcohol, vinyl chloride, diethylstilbestrol, benzene, arsenic, formaldehyde, nickel compounds. |
|
Definition
| chemicals associated with high risk of cancer |
|
|
Term
| When the basement membrane is reached |
|
Definition
| When does a neoplasm become invasive? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The things that spreading tumors do to normal cells. |
|
Definition
| exert mechanical pressure, disrupt the nutrient supply, weaken or destroy them and enable the cancer cells to push into surrounding tissues. Cancer cells DO NOT ADHERE as tightly as normal cells, this is why they break off and spread to other tissues easily. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 etiologies of white lesions (that are EASILY detected clinically) |
|
Definition
1. Hyperkeratosis (thickening of horny layer of epidermis by INCREASED KERATIN production. Keratin turns WHITE when hydrated by saliva.
2. Necrosis of epithelial cells caused by injury
3. Ischemia. |
|
|
Term
| Leukoplakia (white patch/plaque) |
|
Definition
| A clinical term used to describe an undiagnosed white lesion or diagnosis by exclusion. Term can only be used after thorough differential diagnosis is considered OR all other white lesions have been ruled out. It's a premalignant lesion. ALL WHITE LESIONS WITHOUT CLNINCAL DIAGNOSIS MUST BE BIOPSIED!! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. Fordyce Granules 2. Leukoedema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Normal misplaced sebaceous glands, oral mucosa, appears superficial yellow/white, slightly elevated papule. Appears in 80% of population, onsets during puberty. Clinically diagnosed! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Racial predilection for dark skinned people. Characterized by INTRACELLULAR EDEMA and TISSUE WHITENESS. White OPALESCENCE. sometimes with fine wrinkles on the mucosa. DOES NOT RUB OFF!! Clinically diagnosed. IT DISSAPPEARS WHEN YOU STRETCH THE TISSUE. DISSAPPEARS, DISSAPPEARS!!!! |
|
|
Term
| Geographic tongue aka. benign migratory glossitis. |
|
Definition
| Etiology is IDIOPATHIC (UNKNOWN)!! It is a common mucosal disorder associated with DESQUAMATION of SUPERFICIAL KERATIN and FILIFORM PAPILLA. Diagnosed in early to mid-adulthood and occurs more in FEMALES. Located on DORSUM LATERAL BOREDERS AND VENTRAL SURFACES of TONGUE mostly on anterior 2 thirds. |
|
|
Term
| 3 patterns of benign migratory glossitis/geographic tongue |
|
Definition
1. red patchy areas
2. red patchy, white border (rasied)
3. Red patchy, white border, red halo and slightly raised. |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of geographic tongue |
|
Definition
| irritation by spicy and acidic foods may cause pain. |
|
|
Term
| Treatment plan for geographic tongue |
|
Definition
| DOES not need a biopsy, NO TREATMENT necessary. May appear suddenly and persist for unspecified time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Etiology is A LOCALIZED FORM OF LINEA ALBA. PHYSICAL IRRITATION of the ORAL MUCOSA produces keratin (CALLUS) of the mucosa. Caused from CHEEK BITING, BRUXISM, may look like thick linea alba. Presents clinically with white plaques that DO NOT RUB OFF!!) Prognosis is that it will resolve once the IRRITANT STIMULI is DEFINED and REMOVED! Clinically diagnosed based on finding out what the irritant is. LOCATED along BUCCAL MUCOSA, a LINEAR WHITE LINE. CLINICALLY diagnosed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the most common type of keratinocyte cancer? |
|
|
Term
| 1. basal cell carcinoma 2. squamous cell carcinoma. |
|
Definition
| What are the 2 main NON MELANOMA Skin cancers? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the MOST common type of skin cell called? They produce keratin for hair, skin, nails. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Etiology is PHYSICAL IRRITATION with lip and cheek biting. Presents clinically as whitish irregular surface and can produce areas of redness. Clincally diagnosed, Need to DISCOURAGE pt from the HABIT. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Etiology is caused by SMOKING. Irritation from HEAT and COMBUSTION products stimulates INCREASED PRODUCTION of new epithelial cells resulting in HYPERKERATOSIS!!!! The Epidemiology is MIDDLE AGED to ELDERLY MEN and HEAVY SMOKERS!! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thickening of the layer of keratin on the epithelium of the mucosal surface of the palate. |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical characteristic of nicotine stomatitis? |
|
Definition
location: HARD PALATE
INtraoral appearance: WHITEish/GREY on PALATE with RED DOTS IN CENTER
Prognosis: SMOKING CESSATION will result in resolution. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of hairy tongue? |
|
Definition
Etiology: RADIATION, PEROXIDE, ANTIBIOTIC, SMOKING, LACK OF OHI, COATED TONGUE, OVERGROWTH OR FLORA
color: black, brown, yellow.
pathogenesis: ELONGATION OF FILIFORM PAPILLA. FILIFORM FILIFORM!!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical presentation of hairy tongue? |
|
Definition
Hairlike projections
color: WHITE, YELLOW, BROWN, BLACK
location: DORSUM OF TONGUE
results in: HALITOSIS, CANDIDA INFECTION.
Tx: REMOVE IRRITANT, GENTLE PHYSICAL DEBRIDEMENT. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
This is a lesion caused by
ASPIRIN, ACID, ALCOHOL MOUTHWASH, CLEANING PRODUCTS, ACID ETCH, CLEANING DENTURES WITH BLEACH. |
|
|
Term
| The other term for Aspirin burn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Caused by Food, Coffee, Pizza, Soup |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Caused by chewing on wires. |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical presentation of a chemical or ASPIRIN burn? |
|
Definition
White plaques/lesion that CAN BE WIPED OFF leaving a BLEEDING ULCER.
Treatment/Prognosis: It will heal when offending chemical is removed. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Etiology of PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| A microbiological organism CANDIDA ALBICANS, which is a YEAST LIKE FUNGUS. A common inhabitant of the oral cavity, but it can OVERGROW. |
|
|
Term
| What are factors that predispose someone to a CANDIDIASIS INFECTION?!!!**** |
|
Definition
| ANtibiotic therapy, steroids, smoking, xerostomia, chemo therapy, immune disorder, and DIABETES MELLITIS!!!***** |
|
|
Term
| What is the location of PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| mucosal surfaces, palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, pharyngeal area. |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| Burning, Tender, pain around affected mucosa, spicy and acidic foods will cause occasional discomfort because of the increased sensitivity. |
|
|
Term
| What are the intraoral clinical characteristics of PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| White, CURD-LIKE, plaques that DO WIPE OFF! Multiple, raised, white, curd like, creamy, plaques that scrape off and reveal a red ulcerative irritated area. It scrapes off! - thus pseudo. |
|
|
Term
| What is the dental implications and treatment for PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| Clinical examination, theraputic, fungal culture, or microscopic exam of tissue scrapings. Must link this ifection with the patients disease status. Especially is patient is undiagnosed with any disorder. Treatment is an antifungal medication, Topical or systemic for 2 weeks. (theraputic). microscopic evaluation of the scrapings can be sent to a lab if theraputic tx doesnt work in 2 weeks. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of chronic HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| Species of CANDIDA, that can penetrate the mucosal surface and STIMULATE a HYPERPLASTIC response. |
|
|
Term
| what ae some predisposing factors of chronic HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS?**** |
|
Definition
| Chronic irritation, poor ohi, denture wearers, xerostima, smoking, systemic problem like HIV, Diabetes mellitus.*** |
|
|
Term
| chronic HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS |
|
Definition
| This is the rarest form of yeast infections and is considered PREMALIGNANT!!!!!! |
|
|
Term
| What are some clinical characteristics of chronic HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| location: tongue, palate, buccal mucosa, commissures of lips. Thickened, multiple white plaques that DOES NOT WIPE OFF!!!!! |
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications and treatment for chronic HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS? |
|
Definition
| Must get a biopsy, these lesions DO NOT WIPE OFF and are PREMALIGNANT. Treatment is an antifungal medication, laser surgery, or sergical excision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the protocol to treat a fungal infection? |
|
Definition
Nicely Clears Fungus Kwick
Nystatin ointmint
Nystatin Oral suspension
ClotrimaZOLE - lozenge
FluconaZOLE - tablet
KetoconaZOLE - cream |
|
|
Term
| What is the Etiology of Hairy Leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| It indicates immunosuppression. Replication of EPSTEIN BARR Virus within the affected epithelial cells is the causative agent. |
|
|
Term
| Who is most likely to get Hairy Leukoplakia? aka what is the pathogenesis? |
|
Definition
| Ppl with HIV/AIDS, Immunosuppression from drugs or organ transplants, ppl with systemic disease. |
|
|
Term
| What is the location of Hairy Leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| POSTERIOR, BILATERAL, BOREDER OF THE TONGUE. |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical characteristics of HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA? |
|
Definition
| White vertical raised folds that eventually coalesce to form discrete white thick CORRUGATED patches. |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA? |
|
Definition
| ASYMPTOMATIC and DOES NOT WIPE OFF!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the dental and medical implications for HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA? |
|
Definition
| During medical Hx you shoudl have noted immunosuppresion of some sort. During EIO the white lesion does not wipe off. you WILL need a BIOPSY!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment plan for HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA? |
|
Definition
| Need to treat the epstein barr virus with antivirals which shoudl reduce size of lesion or eliminate it. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of Parulis fistula? |
|
Definition
| Swelling of gingiva caused by a draining sinus tract from an ODONTOGENIC INFECTION of either PERIODONTAL or PULPAL origin. Swelling is due to PIRULENT EXUDATE. |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment of parulis Fistula? |
|
Definition
| A root canal if it's odontogenic.... or debridement is Perio. |
|
|
Term
| Discribe what the patient feels when they present with Parulis Fistula. |
|
Definition
| A red sweeling on the gingiva that has pus that is coming from the bone and gingiva. The patient DOES NOT feel PAIN. only can feel PRESSURE! |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for parulis? |
|
Definition
| Suppurative Apical Periodontitis. |
|
|
Term
| describe Supperative Apical Periodontitis. |
|
Definition
| Raised, red lesion on gingiva associated with a carious mandibular first molar. A periapical lesion that is draining from the apex to the surface. IF THE LESION IS LOCATED AT THE DRAINAGE SITE THEN WE CALL IT A PARULIS. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 white forms of lichen planus? |
|
Definition
1. Reticular
2. Plaque
3. Papular |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 red forms of lichen planus? |
|
Definition
1. Atrophic
2. Bullous
3. Erosive |
|
|
Term
| What is the Etiology of Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
| a Chronic autoimmune disorder that effects skin and oral mucosa***** |
|
|
Term
| What is the pathogenesis of lichen planus? |
|
Definition
| T-Lymphocytes destroy the basal layer of the affected epithelium. The body reacts to an antigen within the sirface epithelium (unknown antigen) |
|
|
Term
| wht is the epidemiology (who gets it) of lichen planus? |
|
Definition
| WOmen over the age of 40. It is the MOST COMMON DERMATOLOGIC CONDITION THAT AFFECTS THE SKIN and ORAL MUCOSA. |
|
|
Term
| What is the location of Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
| Posterior, Bilateral, mucobuccla fold, and can be SUPERIMPOSED over atrophic form. It is UNCOMMONLY found on tongue, gingiva, lips, palate, and floor of mouth.** |
|
|
Term
| What is the extraoral characteristics of the PAPULAR FORM of Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
| A skin lesion, PURPLE, RAISED, PAPULES, Lacey pattern, with a Keratotic white surface pattern of VERY FINE INTERLACING LINES called WICKHAM's STRIAE. Lesions are PURETIC |
|
|
Term
| Where is the PAPULAR FORM of Lichen Planus located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the extraoral characteristics of the less common PLAQUE FORM of Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
A white plaque
LOCATED on the DORSUM of the TONGUE and BUCCAL MUCOSA! |
|
|
Term
| What is the extraoral characteristics of the MOST common FORM of Lichen Planus called RETICULAR FORM? |
|
Definition
| It resembles a NETWORK, is the most common form, and shows like several delicate white papules arranged in LACEY WEBLIKE pattern called WICKHAM STRIAE. |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of the reticular form of Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
| ASYMPTOMIATIC and DOES NOT WIPE OFF!!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the Treatment and prognosis for Lichen Planus? |
|
Definition
| Periods of remission and reoccurance. When the lesions become ulcerative or change occurs a biopsy may be perscribed. |
|
|
Term
| What are patient with LP encouraged to do for treatment? |
|
Definition
| Reduce physiological and or psychological stressors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood tests, biopsy of affected area. ERROSIVE FORM is MOST linked to MALIGNANCY. When the tissue changes = you need a biopsy. |
|
|
Term
| What should be done for chronic, symptomatic LP? |
|
Definition
| Non-harsh, non-alcohol oral hygiene products, regular recalls to monitor condition, minimal manipulation of tissue. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of White sponge Nevus? |
|
Definition
| An inhereted condition apparent in childhood. RARE CONDITION! |
|
|
Term
| What are the intraoral characteristics of White sponge Nevus? |
|
Definition
| Generalized Keritinization of the buccal mucosa producing white plaques that DO NOT RUB OFF!!! |
|
|
Term
| If someone is allergic to minocycline What might be something else their allergic to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the microscopic feature of white sponge nevus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications of white songe nevus? |
|
Definition
| its just a cosmetic problem. |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for white sponge nevus? |
|
Definition
| NO Tx and Prognosis is EXCELLENT! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A white patch or plaque on the oral mucosa, that does NOT rub off, and CANNOT be diagnosed CLINICALLY or PATHOLOGICALLY as any specific disease. |
|
|
Term
| Whatthe etiology of leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| TOBACCO, cigarettes, snuff, cigars. |
|
|
Term
| What is the epidimiology of leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| Men between ages of 45 and 65 years old. |
|
|
Term
| Where is Leukoplakia located? |
|
Definition
| LATERAL AND VENTRAL SURFACES of the TONGUE, FLOOR of the MOUTH, alveolar mucosa, lip, soft palate, retromolar area, attached gingiva, mandibular arch. |
|
|
Term
| Hving a leukoplakia increases your chances of what 2 things? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical characterstics of leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
Color: translucent white, grey, brown
Size: Varies
Surface Texture: smooth/homogenous, thin and friable, fissured, corrugated, VERRUCOID (WARTLIKE).
Symptoms: Painless
May appear nodular and speckled. |
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications of leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| Because of the white color, and clinical features that it DOES NOT WIPE OFF, a BIOPSY IS NECESSARY!. |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment and prognosis of leukoplakia? |
|
Definition
| 50% will resolve with cessation of smoking. 95% of cessation of spitting will resolve. if displastic-removal of lesion. May get addistional lesions over time. Increases risk of other cancer! |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of OSF, Oral Submucosa Fibrosis? |
|
Definition
| Betel Nut tree, areca nut, genetic predisposition, genetic mutations, and nutritional deficiencies play a role in getting this disease. |
|
|
Term
| What is the epidimiology of OSF? |
|
Definition
| India, Southeast asia, Pacific islanders. |
|
|
Term
| What does betelnut contain? Why do ppl chew it? |
|
Definition
| It contains Arecoline which is a strong stimulant. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 stages of OSF? |
|
Definition
Stage 1. GENERALIZED STOMATITIS: vesicles/ulcers inflamed minor salivary gland ducts, increase in melanin pigmentation and oral petechia.
Stage 2: FIBROUS BANDS of tissue form in the mucosa resulting in a WHITE MARBLE LIKE APPEARANCE, TRISMUS, Probs with eating, speech, and swallowing, Floor of mouth becomes leathery and gingiva is fibrotic/pale.
Stage 3: PREMALIGNANT tumors may develop leukoplakia. |
|
|
Term
| What are clinical signs of OSF as caused from betel nut? |
|
Definition
| Generalized dark red staining of teeth. |
|
|
Term
| What is tx and prognosis for OSF as caused by betel nut chewing? |
|
Definition
| Tell pt to stop using it. educate pt on oral cancer. THERE IS NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT!!! |
|
|
Term
| rAISED LEASION WITH ROUGH OR PAPILLARY SURFACE |
|
Definition
| Should be managed as potential SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. DIVERSE MALIGNANCY, CONTAGIOUS AND INFECTIOUS, STD, REACTIVE AND INFLAMMATORY! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The malignant (hi risk) EXOPHYTIC, ROUGH, CAULIFLOWER, PAPILARY SURFACE. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS) |
|
Definition
| HPV 2, 6, 11, 57 LOW RISK types, benign oral squamous papillomas. |
|
|
Term
| how Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)transmitted? |
|
Definition
1. Direct contact
2. nonintact skin
3. autoinnoculation |
|
|
Term
| What is the location of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)? |
|
Definition
| LIPS, mucosa, palate, tongue |
|
|
Term
| what is the color of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the surface texture of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)? |
|
Definition
| PAPILLARY OR ROUGH Cauliflower, finger like projections! |
|
|
Term
| Describe the clinical presentation of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS). |
|
Definition
| Well circumscribed, exophytic, pedunculated, sessile mass |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications of Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS) |
|
Definition
| Should be excised and biopsied to rule out a malignancy |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx plan for Oral Squamous Pappiloma (VARRUCA VULGARIS)? |
|
Definition
| surgical excision, but can reoccur for ppl who are immunocomprimised. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of CONDYLEOMA acuminatum (genital warts) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is CONDYLEOMA acuminatum (genital warts) transmitted? |
|
Definition
| direct contact, oral oral, oral genital, sexual. |
|
|
Term
| What does CONDYLEOMA acuminatum (genital warts) look like clinically? |
|
Definition
| Cauliflower appearance, PINK, PAPULARY GROWTH that ENLARGES and COALESCES, EXOPHYTIC, Surface is ROUGH, PAPILLARY, fingerlike. |
|
|
Term
| When you see CONDYLEOMA acuminatum (genital warts) in children what should you suspect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications and treatment of CONDYLEOMA acuminatum (genital warts) |
|
Definition
| suggest medical referral and biopsy, surgery, laser, It will lkely reoccur, Medication for adults is VALTREX!!!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of Epithelial hyperplasia? aka HECK disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whatis the mode of transmission for Epithelial hyperplasia? aka HECK disease? |
|
Definition
| surface contact, virus gets through a break in mucosal barreier. |
|
|
Term
| who is the epidemiology for Epithelial hyperplasia? aka HECK disease? |
|
Definition
| all ages but MORE COMMON in YOUNGER ppl. RESOLVES SPONTANEOUSLY. |
|
|
Term
| Clinical characteristics of Epithelial hyperplasia? aka HECK disease? are what? |
|
Definition
| Generalized in oral cavity than all other HPV's. Flatter, Wider, Resovlves spontaneously. Color: PINk/wHITE, Translucent LOCation is LIPS TONGUE BUCCAL MUCOSA. COnsistancey is SOFT. Surface texture is CAuliflower, FLAT, MULTIPLE, NODULAR Growth. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 HPV diseases? |
|
Definition
1. Verrucca Vulgaris (OSP)
2. Condyloma Acuminatum (genital wart)
3. Heck Disease (FEH) |
|
|
Term
| microscopically what does heck look like? |
|
Definition
| Mitosoid figures, or cells where dna is fragmented, cell looks like its undergoing mitosis. |
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications and tx plan for Epithelial hyperplasia? aka HECK disease? |
|
Definition
| If you are unsure of the history and the type of lesion, then biopsy. Might need excision. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of papillary hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| The tiny grapes,, reactive tissue proliferation due to mild chronic trauma, caused by friction or ill fitting denture!!! ILL FITTING DENTURE |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical characterstics of papillary hyperplasia |
|
Definition
Location: palate, beneath denture
Color: pink to red
Consistancy: Firm upon palpation
Surface texture: clustered fibromas, nodules |
|
|
Term
| What are the dental implications of papillary hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| educate pt about taking denture out, refabricate a new denture, realign it, may result in atrophic candidiasis or denture stomatitis. |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx plan for papillary hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| Surgical excision, periodic evaluations, pronosis excellent if pt gets a new denture. |
|
|
Term
| Whhat else do we call a pyogenic granuloma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of a pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor? |
|
Definition
| benign, inflammatory, lesions, that are exuberant tissue responses to TRAUMA, LOCAL IRRITANT, FOREIGN SUBSTANCE, HORMONAL CHANGE. |
|
|
Term
| What is the epidemiology of pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor? |
|
Definition
| Puberty, and pregnany women make you more suseptible. |
|
|
Term
| Clinical chataceristics of pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor? include... |
|
Definition
Mass of HYPERPLASTIC (HARD OR FIRM) Granulation tissue. Caused by chronic tissue trauma, 75% appears on GINGIVA, but can also be on LIP, TONGUE, and BUCCAL.
Color: pink/red
Size: a few to several mm
Consistancy: fibrotic/firm
Surface texture: Smooth
pedulnctulated or sessile
SYMPTOMS ARE PAINLESS!!! |
|
|
Term
| What is the dental implication of pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor? |
|
Definition
| should be completely excised so doesnt reoccur. |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment plan for pyogenic granuloma or pregnancy tumor? |
|
Definition
| it can reoccur if not excised, if removed prognosis is excellent. |
|
|
Term
| what is the etiology of Peripheral GIANT CELL carcinoma. OUTSIDE OF JAW! |
|
Definition
| Hyperplastic response to tissue injury arises from Periodontal ligaments or periosteum. Connective tissue responds with more hyperplastic tissue. HISTOLOGICALLY the lesion consists of FIBROBLASTS and MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS |
|
|
Term
| what are the clinical characteristic of Peripheral GIANT CELL carcinoma. OUTSIDE OF JAW! |
|
Definition
Location: gingiva or edentulous ridge ANTERIOR TO MOLAR REGION
Size: 1-2CM
Color: Red-purple
Consistancy: Soft/Firm
Texture: SMooth
MAY BLEED
MUST BE DIAGNOSED MICROSCOPICALLY!! |
|
|
