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Oral Pathology for midterm 1
Oral Pathology for midterm 1
320
Medical
Graduate
03/11/2012

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Term
CYST PATHOLOGY
Definition
Term
odontogenic inflammatory cysts
Definition
1) radicular cyst
2) residual cyst
3) buccal bifurcation cyst
Term
what is the most common cyst of jawbones?
Definition
radicular cyst
Term
what is a periapical cyst?
Definition
a radicular cyst at the apex of a tooth
Term
what is a lateral radicular cyst?
Definition
a radicular cyst on the lateral root surface
Term
radicular cysts are associated w/ what type of tooth?
Definition
nonvital
Term
radicular cysts -- mandible or maxilla?
Definition
maxilla
Term
are radicular cysts asymptomatic or symptomatic?
Definition
asymptomatic unless exacerbated
Term
radicular cysts look exactly the same as ___ on radiograph
Definition
periapical granuloma
Term
radio: ____ is common w/ radicular cysts
Definition
root resorption
Term
radio: characteristic tooth feature of radicular cyst
Definition
loss of lamina dura
Term
histo: a radicular cyst has an ____ connective tissue wall and ____ lining
Definition
inflamed connective tissue wall and squamous epithelium lining
Term
if there is a lesion that looks like a radicular cyst but doesn't have lining then it's a...
Definition
periapical granuloma
Term
____ can be seen in radicular cysts because of dying cells
Definition
cholesterol clefts
Term
tx for radicular cyst
Definition
-root canal
-extraction
Term
____ can form in the area of a radicular cyst if the cortical plates have been lost
Definition
periapical scar: instead of filling with bone, a hole can fill with fibrous scar tissue
--> still looks radiolucent on radiograph so you have to operate to know that the cyst is gone
Term
what is a periapical granuloma
Definition
chronically inflamed granulation tissue at the apex of a non-vital tooth
**not actually a true granuloma!
Term
a periapical granuloma is radiographically indistinguishable from a _____
Definition
periapical cyst
Term
characteristic radiograph feature of periapical granuloma
Definition
loss of lamina dura
Term
what is a periapical abscess? accumulation of ____ at the ____ of a _____ tooth
Definition
accumulation of acute inflammatory cells at the apex of a nonvital tooth
Term
a phoenix abscess is a _____ exacerbation of ____
Definition
acute exacerbation of chronic periapical inflammatory lesion
Term
what is a residual cyst?
Definition
cyst left in jawbones after associated tooth has been extracted
Term
a residual cyst is usually associated with a retained ____radicular cyst
Definition
Term
where is a buccal bifurcation cyst located?
Definition
buccal aspect of mandibular first molar
Term
what age group gets buccal bifurcation cysts?
Definition
children (5-11)
Term
how does a buccal bifurcation cyst present?
Definition
tenderness of buccal aspect of mandibular first molar
-swelling, foul tasting discharge
Term
how does buccal bifrucation cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
well circumscribed unilocular radiolucency
Term
____ films help most in locating a buccal bifrucation cyst
Definition
occlusal film
Term
buccal bifrucation cyst can be associated with ____ of buccal cortex
Definition
proliferative periostitis
Term
histo: buccal bifurcation cyst is a cyst lined by _____ with areas of ____
Definition
lined by non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium with areas of hyperplasia
Term
histo: _____ is present in surrounding connective tissue wall
Definition
prominent chronic inflammation
Term
tx for buccal bifrucation cyst
Definition
enucleation
-extraction not necessary
Term
carcinoma arising in a cyst is most associated with what type of cyst?
Definition
residual cyst
Term
does carcinoma arising in an odontogenic cyst happen more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
how does carcinoma arising in odontogenic cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
looks like odontogenic cyst but with ragged margins
Term
what type of carcinoma arises in odontogenic cysts?
Definition
squamous cell carcinoma
Term
name the odontogenic developmental cysts
Definition
1) dentigerous cyst
2) eruption cyst
3) primordial cyst
4) keratocystic odontogenic tumor
5) glandular odontogenic cyst
6) calcifying odontogenic cyst
7) orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst
8) gingival cyst of the newborn
9) gingival cyst of the adult
10) lateral periodontal cyst
Term
dentigerous cyst is associated w what tooth?
Definition
unerupted tooth
Term
why does a dentigerous cyst develop?
Definition
accumulation of fluid between reduced enamel epithelium and tooth crown
Term
where does a dentigerous cyst usually develop? 2nd most common site?
Definition
mandibular 3rd molars then maxillary canines
Term
what ages does dentigerous cyst usually affect?
Definition
10-30
Term
how does a dentigerous cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
unilocular radiolucency associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth
Term
there are 2 types of dentigerous cyst on histo...
Definition
non-inflamed and inflamed
Term
tx for dentigerous cyst
Definition
enucleation w/without removal of tooth
Term
an eruption cyst is a ____ analogue of _____
Definition
soft tissue analogue of dentigerous cyst
Term
what teeth are affected by eruption cysts
Definition
mandibular first molars and maxillary incisors
Term
clinically an eruption cyst presents as a _____ swelling in the mucosa overlying the ____ of a _____
Definition
soft, translucent swelling in the mucosa overlying the crown of an erupting tooth
Term
what age does eruption cyst usually affect?
Definition
young
Term
what color is an eruption cyst?
Definition
blue
Term
tx for eruption cyst?
Definition
none
Term
a primordial cyst develops in place of...
Definition
a tooth (tooth is congenitally missing)
Term
a primordial cyst develops from the ____ of the ____ organ before development of _____
Definition
from the degeneration of the enamel organ before development of dental hard tissue
Term
on histo, primoridal cysts usually turn out to be...
Definition
keratocystic odontogenic tumors
Term
are primordial cysts symptomatic?
Definition
no, usually discovered on routine radiographic exam
Term
another name for a keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT)
Definition
odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors are associated with...
Definition
Gorlin syndrome
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors have ____ clinical behavior with ____ recurrence rate
Definition
aggressive clinical behavior with high recurrence rate
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors are diagnosed based on...
Definition
histopathology
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors may be indistinguishable radiographically from ....
Definition
dentigerous cyst, primordial cyst
Term
what ages does keratocystic odontogenic tumors usually affect?
Definition
10-30
Term
do keratocystic odontogenic tumors affect M/F?
Definition
male
Term
where are keratocystic odontogenic tumors usually found in the mouth?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors usually grow in a ____ direction
Definition
anterior-posterior direction
*very little bone expansion
Term
multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors suggest ....
Definition
Gorlin syndrome
Term
radiograph features of keratocystic odontogenic tumors
Definition
well-defined radiolucent lesion w/ smooth, corticated margins
Term
larve keratocystic odontogenic tumors look...
Definition
multilocular
Term
keratocystic odontogenic tumors can be associated with...
Definition
unerupted tooth
Term
on histo, keratocystic odontogenic tumors have a lining of....
Definition
stratified squamous epithelium 6-8 layers thick
Term
on histo, keratocystic odontogenic tumors have ____ with wavy or corrugated surface
Definition
parakeratosis
Term
on histo, the basal layer of keratocystic odontogenic tumors have _____ epithelial cells
Definition
hyperchromatic palisaded cuboidal or columnar epithelial cells
Term
on histo, keratocystic odontogenic tumors there is a ____ epithelium/connective tissue interface
Definition
flat
Term
____ is the #1 most recurrent odontogenic cyst
Definition
keratocystic odontogenic tumors
Term
where do glandular odontogenic cysts occur?
Definition
mandibular anterior
Term
how does a glandular odontogenic cyst look radiographically?
Definition
multilocular, well defined margins w/ sclerotic rim
Term
on histo, a glandular odontogenic cyst has a ____ lining of _____ with numerous ____ and _____
Definition
epithelial lining 1-3 layers thick of flattened/cuboidal cells with numerous mucous cells and duct-like structures
Term
another name for calcifying odontogenic cyst
Definition
gorlin cyst
Term
where are calcifying odontogenic cysts usually found in the mouth?
Definition
anterior mandible/maxilla
Term
mean age of ppl who get calcifying odontogenic cysts
Definition
33
Term
radiographic features of calcifying odontogenic cyst
Definition
unilocular, well defined radiolucency
Term
do calcifying odontogenic cysts have calcifications?
Definition
can (33%)
Term
calcifying odontogenic cysts can be associated with...
Definition
unerupted tooth (usually canine)
Term
most calcifying odontogenic cysts are in ____ form w/ a ____ capsule and _____ basal cells
Definition
cystic form with a well a fibrous capsule and columnar-cuboidal basal cells
Term
characteristic feature of calcifying odontogenic cysts
Definition
ghost cells
-eosinophilic epithelial cells without nuclei
Term
tx of calcifying odontogenic cysts
Definition
enucleation
Term
an orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is a cyst with _____ epithelial lining
Definition
orthokeratinized epithelial lining
*KOT has parakeratinized epithelial lining
Term
are orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
what age do orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts occur?
Definition
young adults
Term
what tooth does orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts involve usually?
Definition
mandibular 3rd molar
Term
radiograph feature of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts
Definition
unilocular
Term
radiograph feature of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts
Definition
unilocular
Term
radiograph feature of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts
Definition
unilocular
Term
orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts don't have ____ on histo which is seen in keratocystic odontogenic tumors
Definition
palisaded basal layer
Term
tx for orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst?
Definition
enucleation w/ curettage
Term
inheritance pattern of gorlin syndrome
Definition
autosomal dominant
Term
gorlin syndrome has high ____ and variable ____
Definition
high penetrance and variable expressivity
Term
gorlin syndrome is caused by a mutation in ____
Definition
tumor suppressor gene
Term
gorlin syndrome is characterized by...(7)
Definition
1) multiple basal cell carcinomas of the skin
2) multiple KOTs of the jawbones
3) intracranial calcifications
4) bifid ribs
5) scoliosis
6) frontal bossing
7) palmar and plantar pitting
Term
isolated lesions of Gorlin syndrom look like...
Definition
KOTs
Term
on radiograph in gorlin syndrome there is usually lamellar calcification of ____
Definition
falx cerebri
Term
gingival cyst of the newborn arises from...
Definition
remnants of dental lamina
Term
what are cysts like gingival cyst of newborn but are found in the midline palate?
Definition
epsteins pearls
Term
what are cysts like gingival cyst of newborn but are found laterally on hard and/or soft palate?
Definition
Bohns nodules
Term
generally what is a gingival cyst of newborn?
Definition
small, superficial, keratin-filled cyst
Term
how do gingival cysts of newborn appear clinically?
Definition
small, usually multiple white papules on the alveolar mucosa of neonates
Term
where are gingival cysts of newborn commonly found in the mouth?
Definition
maxilla
Term
on histo of gingival cyst of newborn, the lumen contains...
Definition
keratinaceous debris
Term
tx for gingival cyst of newborn
Definition
none
Term
gingival cyst of adult is the soft tissue counterpart to ____
Definition
lateral periodontal cyst
Term
where are gingival cysts of the adult usually found?
Definition
mandibular canine and premolar area
Term
what age is gingival cyst of the adult affect?
Definition
40-60 y/o
Term
where are gingival cysts of the adult usually found in the mouth?
Definition
facial gingiva or alveolar mucosa
Term
clinically, gingival cyst of the adult presents as...
Definition
painless blue/gray domelike swellings
Term
gingival cyst of the adult may cause....
Definition
cupping of alveolar bone
Term
tx for gingival cyst of the adult
Definition
simple excision
Term
where are lateral periodontal cysts found in the mouth? around what type of tooth?
Definition
along lateral root surface of vital tooth
Term
what ages does a lateral periodontal cyst affect?
Definition
40-70
Term
are lateral periodontal cysts a/symptomatic?
Definition
asymptomatic
Term
where do lateral periodontal cysts usually occur in the mouth?
Definition
mandibular premolar-canine-lateral incisor area
Term
radiograph appearance of lateral periodontal cyst
Definition
well circumscribed radiolucent area lateral to roots of vital teeth
Term
on histo of lateral periodontal cyst you see:
1) ____ fibrous wall
2) epithelial lining of _____
3) ____ cells interspersed among lining cells
4) focal nodular ______ of lining
Definition
1) non-inflamed fibrous wall
2) epithelial lining of flattened or cuboidal cells
3) glycogen rich clear cells interspersed among lining cells
4) focal nodular plaque-like thickening of lining
Term
tx for lateral periodontal cyst
Definition
conservative enucleation
Term
name the non-odontogenic cysts of bone
Definition
1) nasopalatine duct cyst
2) surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla
Term
____ is the most common non-odontogenic cyst
Definition
nasopalatine duct cyst
Term
age that nasopalatine duct cyst affects
Definition
30-60
Term
how does nasopalatine duct cyst appear on radiograph?
Definition
well defined oval or heart shaped radiolucency between apices of roots of vital maxillary central incisors
Term
a nasopalatine duct cyst is lined by ____, ____ or ____
Definition
resppiratory epithelium, stratified squamous epithelium or combination
Term
tx for nasopalatine duct cyst
Definition
no tx for small cyst or enucleation for larger cyst
Term
surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla develops after...
Definition
surgical entry into the maxillary sinus
Term
surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla is derived from...
Definition
lining of sinus which gets trapped during surgical closure
Term
are surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla seen more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
how does surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla look on radiograph?
Definition
well defined uni or multilocular radiolucency
Term
surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla is lined by...
Definition
respiratory epithelium
Term
tx for surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla
Definition
enucleation
Term
where is a globulomaxillary cyst located?
Definition
interproximally between maxillary lateral and canine
Term
how does a globulomaxillary cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
upside down pear
Term
tx for globulomaxillary cyst
Definition
enucleation
Term
name the non-odontogenic cysts of soft tissue
Definition
1) lymphoepithelial cysts
2) nasolabial cyst
3) dermoid and epidermoid cysts
4) thyroglossal duct cyst
Term
where do cervical lymphoepithelial cysts occur?
Definition
anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Term
on what side of the neck do cervical lymphoepithelial cysts usually occur?
Definition
left
Term
what age do cervical lymphoepithelial cysts usually occur?
Definition
20-40
Term
oral lymphoepithelial cysts are seen in ____
Definition
Waldheyer's ring
Term
on histo of lymphoepithelial cysts you see ____ in the cyst wall
Definition
lymphoid tissue
Term
tx for lymphoepithelial cyst
Definition
excision
Term
what do you see clinically w/ nasolabial/nasoalveolar cysts?
Definition
asymptomatic fluctuant swelling of nasolabial fold
Term
are nasolabial/nasoalveolar cysts seen more in M/F?
Definition
female
Term
common ages for nasolabial/nasoalveolar cysts
Definition
40-50
Term
tx for nasolabial/nasoalveolar cysts
Definition
enucleation
Term
dermoid and epidermoid cysts are ____ growing ____ masses
Definition
slow-growing rubbery masses
Term
where are dermoid and epidermoid cysts usually found in the mouth?
Definition
midline floor of mouth
Term
____ cysts are lined by stratified squamous epithelium and contain ____
Definition
dermoid cysts contain skin appendages
Term
____ cysts are lined by stratified squamous epithelium and do not contain ____
Definition
epidermoid cysts do not contain skin appendages
Term
tx for dermoid and epidermoid cysts
Definition
complete surgical excision
Term
most patients w/ thyroglossal duct cysts are younger than...
Definition
30 y/o
Term
are thyroglossal duct cysts seen more in M/F?
Definition
female
Term
how do thyroglossal duct cysts present?
Definition
swelling at or near midline of neck below hyoid bone
Term
on histo, a thyroglossal duct cyst is lined by ___ and ___ is found in the wall of the cyst in 50% of cases
Definition
lined by respiratory and/or stratified squamous epithelium and thyroid tissue is found in the wall of 50% of the cases
Term
tx for thyroglossal duct cyst
Definition
excision of entire thyroglossal tract up to foramen caecum
Term
name the pseudo-cysts
Definition
1) mucocele
2) traumatic bone cyst
3) stafne bone cyst
4) aneurysmal bone cyst
Term
how does a mucocele present clinically?
Definition
dome-shaped fluctuant mucosal nodule
Term
what age does mucocele affect?
Definition
young patients
Term
what color are mucoceles?
Definition
normal color to blue
Term
where are mucoceles most common?
Definition
lower lip
Term
what is it called when a mucocele is on the floor of the mouth?
Definition
ranula
Term
what do you see on histo w/ a mucocele?
-spilled ____ surrounded by ____
- ____ cells
Definition
-spilled mucin surrounded by granulation tissue
-many foamy histiocytes
Term
tx for a mucocele
Definition
-self-limiting or focal excision
-adjacent gland should be excised to prevent recurrence
Term
another name for a traumatic bone cyst
Definition
simple bone cyst
Term
what is the cause of a simple bone cyst?
Definition
unknown
Term
where are simple bone cysts commonly found?
Definition
posterior mandible
-some in anterior maxilla
Term
are simple bone cysts seen more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
what age do simple bone cysts affect?
Definition
10-20
Term
are traumatic bone cysts symptomatic?
Definition
no
Term
how does a traumatic bone cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
well circumscribed radiolucency between apices of teeth
-scalloping
Term
how does histo of traumatic bone cyst look?
Definition
-no epithelial lining (pseudo cyst)
-lumen can have blood or be empty
Term
tx for traumatic bone cyst
Definition
drain cyst and stimulate hemorrhage by scraping
Term
what is a stafne bone cyst? focal ____ of ____ on ____
Definition
focal concavity of cortical bone on lingual surface
Term
a stafne bone cyst is a _____ defect containing _____
Definition
developmental defect containing portion of salivary gland
Term
are stafne bone cysts found more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
how does stafne bone cyst look on radiograph?
Definition
well-circumscribed radiolucency w/ sclerotic border
Term
where is stafne bone cyst located?
Definition
below mandibular canal, between molars and angle of mandible
Term
stafne bone cyst can create a ____ in the inferior border of the mandible
Definition
notch
Term
histo features of stafne bone cyst
Definition
-can contain normal salivary gland tissue, muscle, fat, blood, lymph tissue or no tissue
Term
tx for stafne bone cyst
Definition
none
Term
how is a aneurysmal bone cyst characterized?
Definition
blood filled cavity NOT lined by epithelium (pseudo cyst)
Term
are aneurysmal bone cysts seen in M/F?
Definition
female
Term
age aneurysmal bone cysts affect?
Definition
younger than 20
Term
do aneurysmal bone cyst occur more in mandible or maxilla?
Definition
mandible
Term
how do aneurysmal bone cysts look on xray?
Definition
expansile, unilocular or multilocular radiolucency
*teeth displacement and resorption common
Term
on histo of aneurysmal bone cyst, the walls contain _____ and exhibit ______
Definition
contain multi nucleated giant cells and exhibit osteoid production
Term
tx for aneurysmal bone cyst
Definition
surgical excision or curettage
Term
ODONTOGENIC TUMORS (11/10)
Definition
Term
name the epithelial odontogenic tumors
Definition
1) ameloblastoma
2) adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
3) calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
4) squamous odontogenic tumor
5) clear cell odontogenic tumor
Term
____ is the second most common odontogenic tumor
Definition
ameloblastoma
Term
ameloblastoma is a ____ tumor, but is ____
Definition
locally invasive tumor but is benign
Term
3 forms of ameloblastoma
Definition
1) solid
2) unicysstic
3) peripheral
Term
age of ppl w/ solid ameloblastoma
Definition
35
Term
where are solid ameloblastoma usually located?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
radiograph appearance of solid ameloblastoma
Definition
-multilocular
-soap bubble or honeycomb
Term
solid ameloblastoma can be associated with....
Definition
unerupted 3rd molar
*looks like dentigerous cyst
Term
soldi ameloblastoma can have 2 features that make it look like 2 different cysts
Definition
scalloping --> like simple bone cyst
associated w/ unerupted 3rd molar --> like dentigerous cyst
Term
histo of solid ameloblastoma -- most common pattern?
Definition
follicular
Term
how does the histo of follicular pattern ameloblastoma look?
-nests of ....
-____ cells at periphery with ____
Definition
-nests of epithelium in mature fibrous background
-columnar cells at periphery w/ nuclei polarized opposite basement membrane
Term
other type of histo pattern for solid ameloblastoma
Definition
-plexiform
-acanthomatous
-granular cell
-desmoplastic pattern
-basal cell pattern
Term
tx for solid ameloblastoma
Definition
controversial: enucleation to resection
Term
ages affected by unicystic ameloblastoma
Definition
10-20
Term
where is unicystic ameloblastoma usually found in the mouth?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
how does unicystic ameloblatoma look on radiograph?
Definition
-well circumscribed radiolucency around crown of unerupted 3rd molar
Term
3 types of histo patterns for unicystic ameloblastoma
Definition
1) luminal type: tumor confined to luminal surface
2) intraluminal type: tumor nodules project from linine into lumen
3) mural type: tumor islands in wall of cyst
Term
tx for unicystic ameloblastoma
Definition
enucleation w/ follow up
Term
peripheral ameloblastoma presents clinically with...
Definition
non-ulcerated gingival nodule
Term
what other soft tissue lesion does a peripheral ameloblastoma look like?
Definition
pyogenic granuloma
fibroma
Term
age of ppl w/ peripheral ameloblastoma?
Definition
52
Term
are peripheral ameloblastoma found in maxilla or mandible?
Definition
mandible
Term
histo for peripheral ameloblastoma
Definition
epithelial islands beneath surface epithelium
Term
tx for peripheral ameloblastoma
Definition
local excision
Term
ameloblastoma can become....
Definition
malignant ameloblastoma or ameloblastic carcinoma
(less than 1%)
Term
where are metastatic lesions often found of malignant ameloblastoma?
Definition
lungs or cervical lymph nodes
Term
what ages are adenomatoid odontogenic tumor found in?
Definition
10-19
Term
are adenomatoid odontogenic tumor found more in M/F?
Definition
female
Term
are adenomatoid odontogenic tumor seen more in maxilla/mandible?
Definition
anterior maxilla
Term
radiograph appearance of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
Definition
-circumscribed unilocular radiolucency surroundign unerupted teeth
Term
what teeth to adenomatoid odontogenic tumor usually affect?
Definition
canines
Term
what helps distinguish adenomatoid odontogenic tumor from a dentigerous cyst on radiograph?
Definition
snowflake calcifications
Term
histo features of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
Definition
-well defined lesion surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule
-epitheial cells in sheets, strands or whorled masses
-tubular or duct like structures
-scattered calcifications
-eosinophilic material stains for amyloid (pink)
Term
tx for adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
Definition
enucleation
Term
another name for a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
Definition
pindborg tumor
Term
age of ppl w/ CEOT
Definition
30-50
Term
where is a CEOT usually found?
Definition
mandible
Term
radiograph appearance of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
Definition
-multilocular radiolucency
-calcifications
-associated w/ impacted tooth
Term
what tooth are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor usually associated w/
Definition
mandibular 3rd molar
Term
histo of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor shows calcifications that form...
Definition
concentric Liesgang rings
Term
tx for calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
Definition
conservative resection
Term
age squamous odontogenic tumor affects
Definition
38
Term
there is ___ associated with teeth affected by squamous odontogenic tumor
Definition
mobility
Term
tx for squamous odontogenic tumor
Definition
conservative excision or curettage
Term
age of patients w/ clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
Definition
older than 50
Term
tx for clear cell odontogenic carcinoma
Definition
-radical surgery for aggressive tumors
Term
name the ecto-mesenchymal odontogenic tumors
Definition
1) odontogenic fibroma
2) odontogenic myxoma
3) granular cell odontogenic tumor
4) cementoblastoma
Term
mean age for central odontogenic fibroma
Definition
40
Term
are central odontogenic fibroma seen more in M/F?
Definition
female
Term
maxillary lesions of central odontogenic fibroma are where?
mandibular lesions of central odontogenic fibroma are where?
Definition
maxillary anterior, mandibular posterior
Term
radiograph features of central odontogenic fibroma
Definition
-uni or multilocular
-sclerotic border
-can resorb or displace roots
Term
histo of central odontogenic fibroma?
Definition
fibroblasts arranged in whorls w/ fine collagen
Term
tx for central odontogenic fibroma
Definition
enucleation
Term
peripheral odontogenic fibroma is the soft tissue counterpart of...
Definition
central odontogenic fibroma
Term
where are peripheral odontogenic fibromas usually found?
Definition
facial gingiva of mandible
Term
age range of peripheral odontogenic fibroma
Definition
10-70
Term
tx of peripheral odontogenic fibroma
Definition
local excision
Term
age of ppl w/ odontogenic myxoma
Definition
25-30
Term
is manidble/maxilla affected w odontogenic myxoma?
Definition
mandible
Term
radiographic features of odontogenic myxoma
Definition
-uni or multilocular radiolucency
-soap bubble pattern
-wispy trabeculae (like cobwebs)
-can displace or resorb roots
Term
tx of odontogenic myxoma
Definition
-curettage for small lesions
-resection for larger lesions
Term
age w/ granular cell odontogenic tumor
Definition
adults
Term
where is granular cell odontogenic tumor found in the mouth?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
radiograph appearance of granular cell odontogenic tumor
Definition
-well defined radiolucency
-can have small calcifications
Term
histo features of granular cell odontogenic tumor
Definition
-eosinophilic granular cells
Term
___ stain is negative in granular cell odontogenic tumor
Definition
S-100
Term
where are cementoblastoma usually found?
Definition
premolar/molar region of mandible
Term
age of ppl w/ cementoblastoma
Definition
less than 20
Term
radiograph appearance of cementoblastoma
Definition
-radiopaque mass fused to root of tooth
-surrounded by radiolucent rim
Term
histo of cementoblastoma
Definition
-trabeculae lined w/ cementoblasts
-vascular connective tissue
-periphery has radiating spicules
Term
tx for cementoblastoma
Definition
extraction fo tooth w/ mass
Term
name the mixed odontogenic tumors
Definition
1) odontoma
2) ameloblastic fibroma
3) ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
4) ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
Term
most common odontogenic tumor
Definition
odontoma
Term
2 types of odontomas
Definition
1) compound
2) complex
Term
which type of odontoma is more common?
Definition
compound
Term
how does compound odontoma appear?
Definition
multiple small tooth like structures
Term
how does a complex odontoma appear?
Definition
mass of enamel and dentin
Term
mean age of ppl w/ odontoma
Definition
14
Term
how are odontomas usually found?
Definition
when teeth don't erupt
Term
where are compound odontomas usually found?
Definition
anterior maxilla
Term
where are complex odontomas usually found?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
odontomas are usually associated with what type of tooth?
Definition
unerupted
Term
tx for odontoma
Definition
excision
Term
age of ppl w/ ameloblastic fibroma
Definition
younger than 20
Term
are ameloblastic fibromas seen more in M/F?
Definition
male
Term
where are amelobastic fibromas usually found?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
radiograph features of ameloblastic fibroma
Definition
uni or multilocular radiolucency
Term
ameloblastic fibromas can be associated w/ what type of tooth?
Definition
unerupted
Term
histo features of ameloblastic fibroma
Definition
-solid soft tissue mass w/ smooth outer surface
-may or may not have capsule
-cell rich mesenchymal tissue
Term
do ameloblastic fibromas recur?
Definition
up to 43%
Term
age of ppl w/ ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
Definition
10
Term
where are ameloblastic fibro-odontoma usually found?
Definition
posterior mandible
Term
ameloblastic fibro-odontoma are usually associated w/ what type of tooth?
Definition
unerupted
Term
radiograph features of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
Definition
-well circumscribed unilocular radiolucency
-radiopaque calcifications
Term
tx for ameloblastic fibro-odontoma
Definition
curettage
Term
age of ppl w/ ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
Definition
27
Term
radiograph appearance of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
Definition
ill-defined radiolucency
Term
histo of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
Definition
-hyperchromatic
-pleomorphic cells
-mitoses
-dysplastic dentin or enamel
Term
tx for ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
Definition
-radical surgical excision to prevent rapid local recurrence
Term
CARIES (10/21)
Definition
Term
main type of radiograph used to diagnose caries?
another one also used sometimes?
Definition
bitewing (main) and periapical
Term
how much demineralization do you need before you can see a cary?
Definition
50%
Term
things that affect appearance of caries
Definition
1) x-ray beam angle: important when trying to identify recurrent caries since changes in angulation can cause superimposition of existing restoration w/ lesion

2) buccolingual thickness of tooth

3) 2D film: can't see extent of carious involvement buccolingually

4) exposure: lower kVp helps bc it provides higher contrast
Term
caries classification
Definition
1) incipient
2) moderate
3) advanced
4) severe
Term
incipient interproximal caries are up to ___ the thickness of enamel
Definition
1/2
Term
are incipient caries usually restored?
Definition
no, unless patient has high level caries activity
Term
interproximal caries are shaped like a ....
Definition
triangle
Term
at the dentoenamel junction carious lesions...
Definition
spread out (look like a christmas tree!)
Term
moderate interproximal caries are ____ through the enamel up to the ____
Definition
more than halfway through enamel up to the DEJ
Term
advanced interproximal caries extends from ____ to _____
Definition
from DEJ to half-way through dentin
Term
severe interproximal caries are _____ through ____
Definition
more than halfway through dentin
Term
occlusal caries are diagnosed by...
Definition
clinical exam
Term
occlusal caries must have penetrated into....
Definition
dentin
Term
buccal/lingual caries are diagnosed by....
Definition
clinical exam
Term
root caries can be confused with...
Definition
cervical burnout
Term
root caries look like a _____ on the roots of teeth involving the _____
Definition
look like a saucer-like cratering on the roots of teeth involving the cementum
Term
where does cervical burnout occur on the tooth?
Definition
just below the CE junction
Term
how can you tell for sure that a lucency is cervical burnout?
Definition
take an xray from another angle...it will disappear if it's cervical burnout
Term
2 reasons why cervical burnout happens
Definition
1) invagination of the proximal root surface allows more x-rays to pass through this area, causing it to look more radiolucent
2) space between where enamel ends and bone starts will look more radiolucent than either than enamel or bone
Term
where are recurrent caries found?
Definition
margins of existing restorations
Term
why do recurrent caries happen?
Definition
1) poor oral hygiene
2) extremely susceptible to caries
3) failure to remove all the caries the first time
4) defective restoration
Term
what are rampant caries?
Definition
extensive and rapidly progressing (*key) caries
Term
who usually has rampant caries? ____ and ___ with ____
Definition
children and teens with poor diet and inadequate oral hygiene
Term
2 criteria that determines rampant caries
Definition
1) number of carious lesions
2) time frame during which they developed
Term
where are radiation caries seen on the teeth?
Definition
at the base of the tooth, wrap all the way around the tooth
Term
what is the bach band effect?
Definition
optical illusion giving the appearance of increased radiolucency at the junction of different tissue densities
Term
besides a cary, a radiolucency in a crown can also be...
Definition
a restoration that isn't amalgam
Term
acquired abnormalities that aren't caries
Definition
1) erosion: smooth margins, saucer shaped lesion
2) external resorption: idiopathic, replaced with bone
--> impacted teeth can have external resorption
-causes blunting of apices
3) sclerosis: increased bone, makes it hard to see pulp even though tooth is vital
4) internal resorption: starts in pulp chamber
5) pulp stones: opacity in pulp chamber, no tx
6) hypercementosis
7) dilaceration
8) Turner tooth
9) submerged tooth
Term
what is a Turner tooth?
Definition
tooth that didn't develop normally because of trauma
-can be caused by infection
Term
what is a submerged tooth?
Definition
tooth that erupted but for some reasons didn't totally get to the occlusal level
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