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| French culture, meaning the “wealth culture”. Means, “Culture is the form of wealth that has been accumulated over the centuries, which resulted in the French nation. Seen within the preservation of historical sites, government agencies and annual traditional French celebrations |
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| located in the Lesser Antilles. Martinique is situated between the independent countries of Dominica and St. Lucia, and has been French since 1626. Guadeloupe has two main islands and has been French since 1635. They both have much in common with other colonies within the Caribbean. Plantation based colonies and had main economic relations with France. |
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| the archipelago in the Caribbean containing Martinique and Guadeloupe, which are considered part of the Lesser Antilles |
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| beginning in the 1980’s, many of the concerns expressed by teachers, language activists, ecologists, and union leaders found expression in this political and literary movement. Martiniques and Guadeloupes feel part of this movement because they feel neither French, nor African. |
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| ethnic or traditional aspects of life, usually associated with regional or immigrant minorities in France and contrasted with le social. |
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| term used in France to describe areas in which government policies are required to reduce the structural tensions brought on by class differences. |
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| “Beriss states the [the Antilleans] “provides more than a mirror image of the formations of identities in France. They also point to ways in which their actions may succeed in changing – in creolizing – French society itself” (p.132). How have Antilleans expressed their connection to creolite through artistic, religious, and social groups? |
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Creolizing the French church
-Catholicism, the church is the center of Antillean social life. They practice their own kind of Catholicism and are encouraged to denounce their belief in magic, which is a central part to their religious identity. Singing hymns in Creole
International Creole Day
Although not financed by the government, it is a marker of ethnic identity within France and challenged with the dominant French thinking about nations and cultures. This was first started with the Creolite movement.
Antillean culture within Paris
- wanting to create a distinct culture within France involving both the French and Antillean identity. They drew on French notions while trying to situate their ethnic art as high culture. They planned to draw in artists, musicians, and designers. A global perspective and are proposing to rethink the limits of cultural identity altogether. |
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| Formerly known as the Ellis Islands, the nation of Tuvalu is located between Australia and Hawaii and was previously a British colony. |
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| the community meeting hall |
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| love, compassion and empathy |
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| group land tenure, a group of related individuals who share rights to and use one or more land parcels. Literally means “eat as one” |
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| “volunteer mother”, a ceremonial kinship role undertaken by distant female cousin of a newborn child’s father. |
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| extended patrilateral and patrilocal family residential group, now archaic |
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| founder of Nanumea and is believed ancestor of the islands prominent families and island leaders. The rest of the society traces their roots back to being descendants of Tefolaha’s crewmembers |
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| stratification and ranking of classes, sedentary, law and order guaranteed, leaders can make and force decisions, warfare is conquered by a professional military with a resource rich environment and newly elaborate ceremonialism |
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| institutions that need to perpetuate symbolic systems. The support required is financial, military and ideological |
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| production/distribution of wealth and/or currency and the currency is exchanged for goods in a market setting |
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| ruling elite own land, surplus redistributed to the employees of the chiefdom |
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| identities are consciously in the making including refugee status, diaspora, international recognition and heritage |
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Essay Questions #1
Use the Ju n!ores and/or the Baluch tents to compare and contrast the kinship, political and economic systems in relation to the Nanumean cookhouses. Address the importance of kopiti in your answer. |
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| Kopiti huts were situated on each families land parcel, much like the Ju families settled around their own watering holes. Each kopiti not only corresponded to the land their where on but also to different land parcels on the island. The Ju descent pattern is primarily bilateral and flexible due to the variability of resources, much like the Nanumeans, who primarily have a patrilineal system, but can be flexible when needed. The leader of each kopiti was primarily the eldest male unlike the Ju society where it didn’t matter the gender of the leader. Each leader of the group is looked up to as a political and spiritual leader for each kopiti, representing them as a whole, much like the watering hole groups for the Ju. Each group fluxed with resource needs and the size/compatibility of each group. |
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