Term
| A device used to protect, support, or improve the function of a body part which moves. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 types of spinal orthoses. |
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Definition
Immobilization
Supportive
Corrective |
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Term
| This type of spinal orthosis is used after a trauma possibly as a surgical fixation. It limits motion in portions of the spinal column and may be worn several weeks or months. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give a few examples of an immobilization spinal orthosis |
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Definition
Body Jacket
Halo
TLSO
Ex. Fixator |
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Term
| This type of spinal orthosis provides temporary care in cases of pain in cervical or TL regions of the spine. It can be used to increase intra-abdominal pressue or as a kinesthetic reminder of restraint of painful ROM. It also applies pressure over the larges possible surface area. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give a few examples of a supportive spinal orthosis |
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Definition
Soft C-collar
Philadelphia Collar
Abdominal Binder |
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Term
| This type of spinal orthosis is primarily used in children that have spinal diseases such as scoliosis and kyphosis |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an issue with a cervical thoracic orthosis? |
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Definition
| It is very uncomfortable and hits the face and neck a lot. Can cause pressure sores at the chin or on the back of the neck |
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Term
| Name 2 types of cervical collars |
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Definition
Philadelphia
Philadelphia with stabilizer |
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Term
| Name 3 types of cervical orthoses |
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Definition
Malibu
Marlin
Soft (for whiplash) |
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Term
| What is a typical orthosis for a pt with a lower back fx |
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Definition
| LSO with hip extension (pt will not be able to sit) |
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Term
| What type of orthosis is good for females with large breasts or for a female who is pregnant? |
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Definition
| Off the Shelf Jewett Brace |
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Term
| What 5 aspects effect the selection of materials used in orthosis |
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Definition
1. Strength
2. Stiffness
3. Durability
4. Density
5. Corrosion Resistance |
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Term
| Max external load that the material can support or sustain |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of bending or compression that occurs on loading (determined by whether the amount of external stability is desired or conformation to body segments is the goal) |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability of the material to withstand repeated cycle of loading or unloading during functional activities. |
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Definition
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Term
| A material's weight per unit volume. Determines energy cost during functional activities |
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Definition
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Term
| The degree to which the material is susceptible to chemical degradation (perspiration, incontinence) |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 4 types of materials used in orthosis |
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Definition
Leather
Metals - aluminum or titanium
Plastics
Combination |
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Term
| Used for supportive components such as straps, belts, and as a covering for pelvic, thigh, or calf bands |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 4 aspects of fabrication |
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Definition
Measurement
Negative Mold
Positive Mold
CAD/CAM (Computerized-aided design/computer-aided manufacture) systems |
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Term
| What are the benefits of off the shelf orthoses? |
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Definition
-Economical
-Readily Available
-Can be used to determine need for orthosis
-Standard sizes available |
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Term
| What are some disadvantages of off the shelf orthoses? |
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Definition
-Difficult to properly fit the pt
-May cause pressure sores
-Fewer options
-Most often plastic is the only material available |
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Term
| What are some benefits to a custom orthosis? |
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Definition
-Custom, intimate, fitted to pt
-Less likely to cause skin breakdown
-More comfortable
-Greater options to meet pt needs
-Various materials can be used |
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Term
| What are some disadvantages to custom orthoses? |
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Definition
-Costly
-May take a while to fabricate
-Does not conform to weight change |
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Term
| What types of skin care should you do when wearing an orthosis? |
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Definition
-Twice daily skin inspections
-Redness indicates improper fit or donning/doffing issues
-If redness occurs, discontinue wear until orthosis is evaluated |
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Term
| With this orthosis the pt will need to donn/doff independently, it helps decrease energy expenditure by advancing the legs. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of SCI would be appropriate for an RGO? |
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Definition
| Para or low tetra plegia SCI pt |
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Term
| Is good standing balance important in an RGO? |
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Definition
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Term
| This type of lock requires the pt to back up to a chair and hit it to unlock. It is hard to fit under clothin and pt can fall if another person hits it. |
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Definition
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Term
-A plastic/metal combo
-Casted to fit the pt
-May be adjusted at the ankle to increase or decrease DF/PF
-Designed to fit against the skin |
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Definition
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Term
-Metal/leather combo
-Ankle adjustments
-Knee pad
-Stirrups to fit shoes
-Channot change shoes easily |
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Definition
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Term
| This is common in colorado. Uses a bail lock and must be extremely stable in stance |
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Definition
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Term
-Plastic/metal combo
-Lighter weight
-Does not change well when pt grows
-May or may not have ankle adjustments
-The part that is on the calf is plastic so gets hott and sweaty in the summer |
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Definition
| Custom molded plastic KAFOs |
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Term
-Helps pt strengthen as they walk
-Can adjust to give pt more or less control
-Allows pt to step instead of walking "locked" |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of pt may need a resting hand splint? |
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Definition
-Anyone who has no function hand fxn
-Stroke, TBI, MS, SCI, ALS
-Guillan-Barre |
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Term
| What SCI level needs a wrist extension splint? |
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Definition
-C5-6
-C4 is too involved
-C7-8 has wrist ext |
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Term
| Name 3 aspects in the maintenance of orthosis |
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Definition
-Daily cleaning and inspecting
-Periodic evaluation to determine the fit of the orthosis based on pt changes
-Sevicing schedule by the orthotist dependent upon the type of orthosis, materials used and the knowledge and abilities of the pt or caregiver |
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Term
| Name some positive effects of orthotic wear |
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Definition
-Support the body part on which its applied
-Motion control:
-Via mechanical support
-Via psychological/proproceptive restraint
-Spinal Relignment thru mechanical support/forces
-Helps with bone density, joint ROM, stretching, GI fxn, and circulation |
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Term
| What are some negative effects of orthotic wear? |
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Definition
-Weakness and atrophy by supporting the joint too much
-Tightness and/or contracture formation if the position is maintained too long
-Aggravation of sypmptoms (spasm) |
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Term
| What are 6 things to think about when recommending a LE orthosis to a pt? |
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Definition
-Based on dx
-Function/activity level
-Size
-Pt preference
-Insurance
-Age
-Pt goals (exercise/community fxn) |
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Term
| If pt has not stood in over 6 months, you need to get what done first before standing? |
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Definition
| bone density study to check for osteoporosis |
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