Orthopedics

The branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.

Achondroplasia

A disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.

Osteosarcoma

A type of cancer that starts in the bones; also called osteogenic sarcoma.

Sutural Bones

Small irregular bones found along the sutures of the cranium, particularly related to the parietal bone.

Osteon

The basic unit of structure of compact bone, comprising a haversian canal and its concentrically arranged lamellae. Called also haversian system.

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

1. Part of Spongy Bone
2. Has Blood Vessels
3. Forms Red Blood Cells
4. Supplies Nutrients to Osteocytes

Yellow Bone Marrow

1. Sometimes within Spongy Bone
2. Stores Fat

1. Isolates bone from surrounding tissue.
2. Provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply
3. Participates in bone growth and repair.

Ossification

The developmental process of bone formation.

Calcification

The process of depositing calcium salts which occurs during bone ossification and in other tissues.

Supply the epiphyseal cartilage and is where bone growth occurs.

1. Blood to superficial osteons.
2. Secondary ossification centers.

Calcitrol

1. Is made in the kidneys
2. Helps absorb  calcium and phosphorus from the digestive tract.
3. Synthesis requires Vitamin D₃ (cholecalciferol)

Growth Hormone

1. Made in Pituitary gland.
2. Stimulates osteoblast activity and the synthesis of bone matrix.

Trochlea

A smooth, grooved articular process

shaped like a pulley.

Meatus

A passageway through the bone.

Osteopenia

Inadequate ossification

Fracture Hematoma

A large blood clot in a fracture.

Remodeling

The process of renewing and recycling

of the bone matrix.

Endochondral Ossification

The process of cartilage gradually

being replaced by bone.

Sesamoid Bones

Small, flat and sesame seed shaped bone.

Short Bones

Small and boxy bones.

Fossa

A shallow depression marking of the bone.