Term
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Definition
| is an effort to overcome, or make up for, real or imagined inadequacies. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a refusal to admit or acknowledge the reality of something thus avoiding emotional conflict or anxiety. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the process of transferring a feeling or emotion from the original idea or object to a subtitute idea or object. |
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Term
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Definition
| an ego defense mechanism whereby an individual unconsciously identifies with another person or with some object. the individual assumes the supposed feelings and/or characteristics of the other personality or object. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the act of transferrring one's own unaccepttable thoughts or feelings to someone else. |
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Term
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Definition
| is attempting to make excuses or invent logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behaviors. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a response to stress in which the individual reverts to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| an involuntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one's conscious mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| rechanneling or redirecting one's unacceptable impulses and drives into constructive activities |
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Term
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Definition
| is the voluntary blocking of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one's mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| relative state of mind in which the person who is healthy is able to cope with and adjust to the recurrent stresses of everyday living in an acceptable way. |
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Term
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Definition
| disturbances of emotional stability as manifested in maladaptive behavior and impaired functioning. |
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Term
| mental disorders may be caused by |
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Definition
| genetic, physical, chemical, biological, psychological or social and cultural factors. |
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Term
| mental disorders may be referred to as |
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Definition
| mental illness, emotional illness, psychiatric disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| an unconscious, intrapsychic(within ones mind) reaction that offers protection to the self from a stressful situation. |
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Term
| if we start using defense mechanisms as a way of dealing with life it may be a sign for |
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Definition
| need of psychological or psychiatric help |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of behavior and the processes of the mind, especially as they related to the individuals social and physical envrionment. |
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Term
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Definition
| a professional who specializes in the study of the structure and function of the brain and related mental processes. they are not a psysician and holds a master or doctoral degree in some area of psychology. |
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Term
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Definition
| has a graduate degree with specialzed training in providing testing and counseling to patients with mental and emotional disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
| the branch of medicine that deals with the causes, treatment and prevention of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders. they may sopecialize in area of practice such as psychoanalysis and be called a psychoanalyst. |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of psychotherapy that uses free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of defense mechanisms to help the patient become aware of repressed emotional conflicts. |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychotherapist, usually a psychiatrist, who has had special training in psychoanalysis and who applies the techniques of psychoanalytic theory. |
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Term
| what is the classification of mental disorders called |
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Definition
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Term
| disorders are grouped into how many classes |
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Definition
| 16 major classes and includes a multiaxial classification system. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
major mental disorders
developmental disorders and learning disabilities |
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Term
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Definition
personality disorders
mental retartdation |
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Term
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Definition
| general medical conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| psychosocial and enviromental problems |
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Term
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Definition
| global assessment of functioning |
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Term
| categories of mental disorders |
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Definition
cognitive disorders, Axis I
substance-related disorders, Axis I
schizophrenia, Axis I
mood disorders, Axis I
anxiety disorders, Axis I
somatoform, sleep, factitious disorders, Axis I
dissociative identity disorders, Axis I
sexual and gender identity disorders, Axis I
eating disorders , Axis I
personality disorders, Axis II |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of memory caused by severe emotional trauma, brain injury, substance abuse, or reaction to medications or toxins. |
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Term
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Definition
| those that affect the individuals ability to perceive, think, reason, and remember. may be related to the aging of the brain and incidences continue to increase. |
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Term
| another name for cognitive disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| cognitive disorders fall under what axis |
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Definition
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Term
| name three cognitive disorders |
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Definition
amnesia disorder
delirium
dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by short term and long-term memory defecits |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of frenzied excitement or wild enthusiam. |
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Term
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Definition
| a progressive, organic mental disorder characterized by chronic personality disintegration, confusion, disorientation, stupor, deterioration of intellectual capacity and function, and impairment of control of memory, judgement, and impulses. |
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Term
| substance-related disorders |
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Definition
| are those associated with the use of drugs. |
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Term
| characteristics of substance-related disorders |
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Definition
psychological dependence on the substance
daily use
frequent intoxication by the ingestion of the substance
inability to control use of the substance
physical dependence on the substance involves serious withdrawl problems if stopped |
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Term
| name the three drugs involved in most of the substance-related disorders |
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Definition
central nervous system depressants
central nervous system stimulants
hallucinogens |
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Term
| central nervous systems depressants are |
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Definition
| substances that slow the activity of the cns, causing impaired motor activity, judgement, and concentration. |
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Term
| examples of cns depressants |
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Definition
| alcohol, barbiturates, and opium derivatives |
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Term
| central nervous systems stimulants are |
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Definition
| susbstances that increase the activity of the cns, causing an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, heightened behavioral acitvity, and increased alertness |
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Term
| examples of cns stimulants are |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| substances that create perceptual distortions of the mind. |
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Term
| examples of hallucinogens are |
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Definition
| lsd and cannabis (marijuana) |
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Term
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Definition
| can come from the misuse of drugs. characterized by impaired judgement; slurred speech, loss of coordination, irritability, and mood changes. |
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Term
| continued use of drugs may lead to |
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Definition
| maladaptive behavior and dependence on the drug. |
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Term
| withdrawl symptoms include |
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Definition
| a physical craving for the drug characterized by muscle aches, cramps, anxiety, sweating, and nausea. |
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Term
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Definition
| when one has to increase the strengths of the drug with each use to achieve the desired effect. |
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Term
| classic symptoms of drug addiction are |
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Definition
| physical dependence and tolerance |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition characterized by loss of contact with reality. the individual ability to comprehend and react to enviromental stimuli becomes impaired and distorted. can get so severe that one may be reduced to limited functioning and may withdrawl into private world. |
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Term
| most commonly psychosis appears in the form of |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| any of a large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortion of reality, disturbances of language and communication, withdrawal from social interaction, and the disorganization and fragmentation of thought, perception, and emotional reaction. |
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Term
| schizophrenia is diagnosed |
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Definition
early 20's for men
late 20s for women |
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Term
| diagnosis of schizophrenia requires |
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Definition
| the presence of distinct symptoms and the persistence of those symptoms over a period of time. symptoms must be present for at least 6 months, with two or more being present for at least a one month period during that time frame. |
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Term
| characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Definition
hallucinations
delusions
disorganized speach
disorganized or catatonic(unresponsive) behavior
flattened affect |
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Term
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Definition
| which the person perceives something that does not exist in the external environment. may be visual, olfacotry(smell), gustatory(taste), tactile(touch), or aiditory(hearing). |
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Term
| most common form of hallucination in schizophrenia |
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Definition
| is hearing voices that are distinct from the person's own thoughts. voices may be friendly or hostile |
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Term
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Definition
| in which the person firmly holds to a persistent abnormal belief or perception despite evidence to the contrary. delusions of persecution and delusions of grandeur. |
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Term
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Definition
| in which the person believes others are following him, spying on him, or trying to torment him |
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Term
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Definition
| in which the person believes that newspaper articles and or radion-television stores are about him or her. |
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Term
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Definition
| in which the rperson may move rapidly from one topic to another, making little sense |
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Term
| disorganized or catatonic behavior |
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Definition
| in which the rperson may alternate between agitation and non purposeful or random body movemnets to little or no behavioral response to the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| i which the individual shows little or no emotional response to the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition characterized by the individual being overly suspicious of others and having hallucinations and delusions. |
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Term
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Definition
| an affective state characterized by any of a variety of periods of depresion or depression elation. patterns range from extreme elation to extreme depression with suicidal potential. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mood disturbance characterized by exaggerated feelings of sadness, discouragement, and hopelessness that are inappropriate and out of proportion with reality; may be relative to some personal loss or tragedy. |
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Term
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Definition
bipolar disorders
cyclothymic disorder
major depressive disorder |
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Term
bipolar disorder
(manic depressive) |
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Definition
| a psychological disorder characterized by episodes of mania and depression, alternations between the twos, or a mixture of the two moods simultaneously. |
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Term
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Definition
| madness; an unstable emotinal state characterized by symptoms such as extreme excitement, hyperactivity, overtalkativeness, agitiation, flight of ideas, fleeting attention and sometimes violent, diestructive and self-destructive behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic mood disorder characterized by numberous periods of mood swings from depression to happiness. the period of mood disturbance is a least two years in duration. |
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Term
| major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by one or more episodes of depressed mood that last a least two weeks and are accompanied by at least five additional symptoms of depression |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of mind in which the individual feels increased tension, apprehension, a pain fully increased sense of helplessness, a feeling of uncertainty, fear, jitteriness, and worry. |
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Term
| observable signs of anxiety include |
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Definition
| restlessness, poor eye contact, glancing about, facial tension, dilated pupils, increased perspiration, and a constant focus on self. |
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Term
|
Definition
disorders characterized by chronic worry
generalized anxiety disorder
panic disorder
phobic disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
posttraumatic stress disorder |
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Term
| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by chronic unrealistic and excessive anxiety and worry. the symptoms have usually existed for at least 6 months or more and have no relation to any specific causes. |
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent panic attacks that come on unexpectedly, follow by at least one month of persistent concern about having another panic attack |
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Term
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Definition
| an episode of acute anxiety during which the individual may experience intense feelings of uneasiness or fright accompanied by dyspnea, dizziness, sweating, trembling, and palpitations of the heart. occur unexpectedly, last a few minutes and may return. |
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Term
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Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by an obsessive, irratinal and intense fear of a specific object, of an acitvity, or of a physical situation; also called phobia disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
| an anxiety disorder characterized by an obsessive, irrational and intense fear of a specific object of an activity or of a physical situation. symptoms such as faintness, fatigue, palpitations, perspiration, nausea, tremor and panic |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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Definition
| recurrent or obsessions or compulsions that are severe enough to be time comsuming (they take more than one hour a day) or to cause obvious distress or a notable handicap. |
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Term
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Definition
| a persistent thought or idea with which the mind is continually and involuntarily preoccupied. |
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Term
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Definition
| irresistible, repetitive, irratinal impulses to perform an act. these behavior patterns are intended to reduce anxiety, not provide please or gratification. |
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Term
| posttraumatic stress disorder |
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Definition
| the individual eperiences characteristic sympstoms following exposure to an extremely traumatic event. individual reacts with horror, extreme fright or helplessness to the event. |
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Term
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Definition
| any group of neurotic disorders characterized by symptoms suggesting physical illness or disease for which there are no demonstrable organic causes of physiologic dysfunctions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a willful and deliberate faking of symptoms of a disease or injury to gain some consciously desired end. |
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Term
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Definition
| the individual represses anxiety experienced by emotional conflicts by converting the anxious feelings into physical symptoms that have no organic basis but are preceived to be real by the individual. |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic abnormal concern about the health of the body, characterized by extreme anxiety, depression and an unrealistic interpretation of real or imagined physical symptoms as indication of a serious illness or disease despite rational medical evidence that no disorder is present |
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Term
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Definition
| a somewhat rare form of child abuse in which a parent of a child falsifies an illness in a child by fabricating or creating the symptoms and then seeks frequent medical attention for the child. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sleep disorder characterized by a repeated, uncontrollable desire to sleep often several times a day. the sleep attacks must occur daily over a period of a least three months to establish the diagnosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sudden loss of muscle tone in which the individual's head may drop, the jaw may sag, the knees may become weakened, and the individual may collapse or fall to the ground; may accompany a narcolepsy attack. |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden uncontrollable attack of sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| a shychological disorder in which the patient experiences pain in the absence of physiologic findings. |
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Term
| dissociative identity disorders |
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Definition
| those in which the individual has emotional conflicts that are so repressed into the subconscious mind that a separation or split in personality occurs. results in an altered state of consciousnessor a confusion in identity. |
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Term
| examples of dissociative disorder include |
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Definition
| amnesia, fugue, and multiple personality (dissociative identity disorder) |
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Term
|
Definition
| the individual is unable to recal limportant personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. the loss of memory is more than simple forgetting. |
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Term
|
Definition
| where the individual separates from a past life and associations, wanders away for a period of time, and returns with no recollection of the disappearance. |
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Term
dissociative identity disorder
(multiple personality disorder) |
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Definition
| where there is the presence of two or more distinct personalities within one individual. at some point in time, each personality takes complete control of the person's behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unconscious defense mechanism by which an idea , thought, emotion , or other mental process is separated from the consciousness and thereby loses emotional significance. |
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Term
| sexual and gender identity disorders |
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Definition
| include sexual disfunctions, paraphilias, and gender identity disorders. |
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Term
|
Definition
| disturbance in sexual desire and sexual response and caused marked distress and interpersonal difficulty. |
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Term
|
Definition
| recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve unusual objects, activities, or situations. the sexual perversions are expressed in ways that are socially prohibited or unacceptable. |
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Term
| gender identity disorders |
|
Definition
| strong and persistent cross-gender identification accompanied by persistent discomfort with one's assigned sex. |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual disorder involving the exposure of one's genitals to a stranger |
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Term
|
Definition
| sexual disorder in which the focus involves cross dressing. |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual disorder in which the person gains sexual stimulation or excitement by rubbing against a nonconsenting person. like a brief encounter in a public place by rubbing or touching the victim |
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Term
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Definition
| sexual disorder in which the person is sexually aroused and engages in secual activity with children. |
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Term
| sexual sadism/sexual masochism |
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Definition
| sexual disorder that involves the act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer. or the act of inflicting psychological or physical suffering on the victim |
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Term
|
Definition
| characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior. morbid fear of gaining weight. |
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Term
|
Definition
| mainly in adolescent girls. emotional disturbance concerning body image, prolonged refusal to eat followed by extreme weight loss, amenorrhea, and a lingering abnormal fear of becoming obease |
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Term
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Definition
| an uncontrolled craving for food, resulting in eating binges followed by vomiting to eliminate the food from the stomach. may get depressed and then a period of self-deprication followed by another eating binge. cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| rigid, inflexible, and maladaptive patterns of behavior that impair a person's ability to function well in society due to a limited ability to adapt. |
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Term
| antisocial personality disorder |
|
Definition
| repetitive behavioral patterns that lack moral and ethical standards, keeping the individual in continuous conflict with society. |
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Term
| borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
| extensice pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts. |
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Term
| narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
| an abnormal interest in oneself, especially in one's own body and sexual characteristics. |
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Term
| paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| a generalized distrust and suspiciousness of others, so much so that the individual blames them for his or her own mistakes and failures. |
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Term
| schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| the inability to form social relationships. the individual may appear as emotionally cold or indifferent. |
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Term
| attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD |
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Definition
| persistent inattention and hyperactivity, impulsivity; or both; formerly known as attention-deficit disorder(ADD) |
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Term
|
Definition
| any of a large number of realted methods of treating mental and emotional disorders, using psychologial techniques instead of physical means of treatment. |
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Term
|
Definition
| seeks to modify observable, maladjusted patterns of behavior by substituting new responses to given stimuli. also called behavior modification. |
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Term
|
Definition
| use of psychotropic drugs to treat mental disorders. to relieve symptoms of anxiety, depression or other mental disorders. |
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Term
| electroconvulsive therapy ECT |
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Definition
| passing electrical current through the brain to create a brief siezure in the brain, also called shock therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| form of psychotherapy that focusses the treatment on the process between the family members that supports and sustains symptoms. Group therapy with just family |
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Term
|
Definition
| application of psychotherapeutic techniques within a small group of people who experience similar difficulties; also known as encounter groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| a passive trancelike state of existence that resembles normal sleep during which perception and memory are altered, resulting in increased responsiveness to suggestion |
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Term
|
Definition
| a child plays in a protected and structured environment with games and topys while the therapist observes the behavior, affect and conversation of the child. |
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Term
|
Definition
| analyzes the individuals unconscious though using free association, questioning, probing, and analyzing. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the spontaneous, consciously unrestricted association of ideas, feelings, or mental images. |
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Term
|
Definition
| education offered to individuals wo live with a psychological disturbance. teach people about their illness, how to treat it, and how to recognize signs of relapse so they can seek treatment. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a personality test that is based on the interpretation of drawings of human figures of both sexes. |
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Term
| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory MMPI |
|
Definition
| a self report personality inventory test that consists of 550 statements that can be answered true, false, or cannot say. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a personality test that involves the used of 10 inkblot cards, half black-and-white and half in color. shown one at a time and asked what they see. |
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Term
| thematic apperception test TAT |
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Definition
| designed to elicit stories that reveal something about an individuals personality. test consists of a series of 30 blanck and white pictures each on an individual car.d |
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Term
|
Definition
| measure an individual's ability to adapt and constructively solve problems in the environment. |
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