Term
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Definition
| Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, which is a deficiency of digestive enzymes that are produced by the exocrine pancreas. This condition is a cause of maldigestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, which is an immunoassay used to detect the lipase. This test is used to aid diagnosis of pancreatitis. With pancreatitis this value may increase. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trypsin-like immunoreactivity, which is an immunoassay used to essentially detect trypsin. This test it used to diagnose EPI (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency). With EPI, this value is expected to be low. |
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Term
| Can TLI (trypsin-like immunoreactivity) be used to support the diagnosis of pancreatitis? |
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Definition
| While this test has poor sensitivity for pancreatitis, it can be elevated in some cases. However, normal TLI is not a reliable way to exclude pancreatitis since it does not always increase with pancreatitis. TLI is more useful to diagnose EPI (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency), when it would be low. |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: low; Folate: normal; Cobalamin: low |
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Definition
| Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). TLI (trypsin-like immunoreactivity) is a measurement of exocrine pancreatic digestive enzyme production. The pancreas also makes a co-factor necessary for cobalamin (B12) absorption (called intrinsic factor). |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: normal; Folate: low; Cobalamin: low |
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Definition
| Malabsorptive intestinal disease, affecting the proximal small intestine and the distal small intestine. Folate (B9) is First - meaning folate is absorbed in the proximal small intestine. Cobalamin (B12) is absorbed in the distal small intestine. Since both are low in the context of a normal TLI, diffuse small intestinal disease that affects the proximal and distal small intestine is indicated. |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: normal; Folate: high; Cobalamin: low |
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Definition
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (also called antibiotic-responsive enteropathy or antibiotic-responsive diarrhea).
Bacteria produce folate (B9) and consume cobalamin (B12). |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: normal; Folate: low; Cobalamin: normal |
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Definition
| Malabsorptive disease affecting the PROXIMAL small intestine. "Folate is First" - it is absorbed in the proximal small intestine. |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: normal; Folate: normal; Cobalamin: low |
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Definition
| Malabsorptive disease affecting the DISTAL small intestine. Cobalamin (B12) is absorbed in the small intestine with the help of a co-factor produced by the pancreas (intrinsic factor) |
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Term
The following profile suggests what diagnosis?
TLI: low; Folate: high; Cobalamin: low |
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Definition
| Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) with secondary small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (also called antibiotic-responsive diarrhea or antibiotic responsive enteropathy). Diseased pancreas not making trypsin (trypsin-like immunoreactivity) and not making the cofactor necessary for cobalamin (B12) absorption (intrinsic factor). Bacteria are making folate (B9) and contributing to the reduced cobalamin (B12) since bacteria consume B12. |
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Term
| Fecal Alpha1-Proteinase Inhibitor (α1-PI) can be used to help diagnose what condition? |
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Definition
| Protein-losing enteropathy, which is commonly associated with a panhypoproteinemia (low total protein due to low albumin and low globulins) |
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Term
| What does "triaditis" mean? |
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Definition
| "Triaditis" is colloquial jargon that denotes a triad of inflammatory diseases that often occur in concert due to the close anatomic relationship of organs associated with the biliary tree. Cats are commonly afflicted with "triaditis", which is inflammatory bowel disease, smoldering pancreatitis, and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis. (Cholangitis is inflammation of biliary epithelium in the liver). |
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Term
| Severe, acute pancreatitis is more common in dogs or cats? |
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Definition
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Term
| Smoldering, low-grade pancreatitis is more common in dogs or cats? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: pancreatic enzymes (eg, amylase, lipase) can be measure in abdominal fluid to help document pancreatitis? And, this is particularly useful in what species? |
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Definition
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