Term
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Definition
| abnormally low total number of circulating rbc, abnormally low hemoglobin, or both |
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Term
| How is anemia classified? |
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Definition
| size, color, abnormalities |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormally high total red blood cell mass |
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Term
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Definition
| hematocrit rises due to loss of blood volume without a corresponding decrease in red cells |
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Term
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Definition
proliferative disease of bone marrow characterized by an absolute increase in total red blood cell mass and volume
most common in men ages 40-60 |
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Term
|
Definition
results from an increase in level of erythropoietin
elevation is related to living at a high altitude and to chronic heart and lung disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| related to increased blood viscosity and hypermetabolism---increase in red cell count, hemoglobim, and hematocrit |
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Term
| relative treatment for polycythemia |
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Definition
| corrected by increasing extracellular fluid volume |
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Term
| secondary treatment for polycythemia |
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Definition
| focuses on relieving hypoxia |
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Term
| primary treatment for polycythemia |
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Definition
goal is reduction in blood viscosity
done by phlebotomy or chemotherapy or radiation to suppress bone marrow function |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| decrease in white blood cell number |
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Term
|
Definition
| decrease in granulocytes, mainly the neutrophils |
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Term
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Definition
sevent leading cuase of cancer death and most common cause of cancer death in children under 15
1/10,000
favors males over females |
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Term
| major characteristics of leukemia |
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Definition
infiltration of immature cells into circulating blood
anemia
thrombocytopenia |
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Term
|
Definition
cause loss of control over normal leukocyte development, resulting in failure of cells to mature
cells are accumulating rather than continuing their maturation and dying after normal life span |
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Term
|
Definition
| sudden, dramatic onset of disease and rapid downhill course without treatment |
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Term
|
Definition
| insidious onset and much slower course without treatment |
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Term
| chemotherapy for leukemia |
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Definition
acute--aim to destroy as many leukemic cells as possible
ideally to produce complete remission of the disease
chronic--aim to control the disease ut not necessarily destroy all leukemic cells |
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Term
| radiotherapy for leukemia |
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Definition
| irradiation of enlarged lymph nodes containing leukemic cells results in cell destruction and shrinkage of involved tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are used to depress lymphocyte production in both ALL and CLL |
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Term
| other forms of treatment for leukemia |
|
Definition
blood and platelet transfusions
bone marrow transplants for acute leukemias as well as aplastic anemia |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficiencies in one or more clotting factors |
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Term
|
Definition
| some coagulation factors require vitamin K for synthesis |
|
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Term
| What does vitamin K deficiency result from? |
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Definition
| impaired fat absorption due to liver or gall bladder disease |
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Term
| hereditary defects in coagulation factors |
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Definition
| usually affect one factor and have been reported for each clotting factors |
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Term
| Most common hereditary defects in coagulation factors |
|
Definition
| Factor VII, Factor IX, Factor IX, Hemophilia |
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Term
|
Definition
| classic hemophilia (80% of total hemophilia) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Christmas disease or hemophilia B (15%) |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| sex-linked recessive disorder primarily affecting males |
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Term
| consumption of coagulation factors |
|
Definition
| acute disseminated intravascular clotting (DIC) |
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Term
| disseminated intravascular clotting |
|
Definition
| blood coagulation, clot dissolution, and bleeding all take place at same time |
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Term
|
Definition
| formation of blood clot within vascular system |
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Term
| What's thrombi consist of? |
|
Definition
| varying combinations of aggregated platelets, precipitated fibrin, and enmeshed red blood cells and leukocytes |
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Term
| What's the fate of thrombus? |
|
Definition
| undergoes resolution or large ones undergo organization |
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Term
| What happens when thrombus undergoes resolution? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What happens when thrombus undergoes organization? |
|
Definition
granulation tissue grows in from adjacent vascular lining
may be permanently plugged by scar |
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Term
|
Definition
| carriage of physical mass in bloodstream from one place to another with lodgement in new location |
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