Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proprioception (position sense) and vibration sense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain and temperature sensation tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| myelin making cells in CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more numerous than neurons, nourish neurons, help form the BBB, star shaped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highly malignant tumor of brain with poor prognosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deep brain structure that maintains smooth muscular movements and posture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disease of basal ganglia producing rigidity and irregular movements; think 1% of the population, environmental poison (carbon monoxide), hypokinetic movement disorder; think Lewy bodies; think synuclein (insolute neuronal protein) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of neuron bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relay station of sensory input |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reticular activating system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tight junctions of endothelial cells and astrocytic foot processes. it is an obstacle to CNS drug delivery of polar and large molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made by ependymal cells in the choroid plexus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the horse tail shape arrangement of nerves as they leave the spinal cord at its termination at L2 (lumbar vertebral body #2) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complex lipids and cholesterol. white matter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| too much CSF; think dilated brain ventricles and big heads in babies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with serious accidents involving CNS; more than 50% |
|
|
Term
| dorsal roots of spinal cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ventral roots of spinal cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major risk factor for stroke and atherosclerosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space in vertebral column where the spinal cord sits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| degeneration of cartilaginous discs between vertebral bodies which may compress nerves of spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think serious, possible respiratory paralysis (like Christopher Reeves) and possible quadriplegia (paralysis of arms and legs) |
|
|
Term
| Most diseases of the brain and spinal cord produce: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the most common disease which destroys myelin (demyelinating disease). think white, young adult female (20-40), probably autoimmune, breach of BBB, typically relapsing-remitting and ultimately progressive; treatment: disease modifying agents; think sensory, motor and optic neuritis; MS plaques (demyelination) near ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shifting of brain structures |
|
Definition
| think "brain herniaton", think serious, possibly fatal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think serious, alteration of blood brain barrier, think medication treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think primary mechanical and secondary biochemical injury (apoptosis and oxidative stress); think medication treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think base of brain; think internal carotid and vertebral arteries as inputs; common site for atherosclerosis due to many branch points |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think cardio-respiratory centers in pons and medulla |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think direct shot for embolus from heart aorta |
|
|
Term
| middle cerebral artery stroke |
|
Definition
| possibly sensory and motor deficits on side opposite actual brain damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think temperature regulation, hormone input to pituitary, appetite regulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest hole in base of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of direct brain injury from blow |
|
|
Term
| complications of anticoagulant therapy |
|
Definition
| think blood collection (hematoma) within cerebrum, blood within cerebellum, blood associated with meninges (subdural hematoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think 85% of dementia, baby boomer epidemic in 15-25 years, elderly, tauopathy, senile plaques in medial basal temporal lobes (hippocampus), amyloid in plaques, average duration: 7 years to death; terminal; akinetic (unable to move) and mute; no drug works well; live long enough and you will probably get it |
|
|
Term
| MMSE (mini mental status exam) |
|
Definition
| simple test to test for memory impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cognitive impairment sufficient to make one unable to carry out "activities of daily living" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think second most frequent cause of dementia, classically "step-wise progression", the culmination of many tiny strokes (lacunes) in deep portion of brain, more common than realized, hypertension is a major risk factor; poor prognosis; commonly seen with alzheimer's |
|
|
Term
| Wernicke's-Korsakoff Syndrome |
|
Definition
| think heavy, prolonged alcohol use causing dementia, damage to mamillary bodies and cerebellum, severe memory impairment, ataxia, and confabulation (talk forever). Treatment: thiamine (vitamin B1) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think dementia of Parkinson's disease, vivid visual hallucinations, made worse with dopamine blockade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think rare cause of dementia, earlier than Alzheimer's, classic fronto-temporal cerebral atrophy; tau; no insight, less memory impairment compared to Alzheimer's; typical frontal lobe features like Gage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to the side or away from the middle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| at end (think of caudal fin of fish being at the end of the fish) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| very dangerous. brain is actually being moved. it is being squeezed out the hole at the bottom of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central nervous system. brain and spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peripheral nervous system. peripheral nerves and autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| think of as arrow right down the middle of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| just one side of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the brain composition? |
|
Definition
| water, fat, and protein (in that order) |
|
|
Term
| What's the difference between the composition of the brain and spinal cord? |
|
Definition
Brain = white matter inside, gray outside
Spinal Cord = gray inside, white outside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nourish neurons, help form BBB, star shaped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| make CNS myelin. If you destroy a few of these, many more axons will be affected because it produces myelin for multiple axons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CNS "phagocytes", "little guys", derived from bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| make CSF and line the ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| support, sustain, and modulate. the brain is predominately composed of these 10:1. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor in the brain that's most common because theres 10 times as many cells to go bad |
|
|
