Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st antibody
non-specific
ACTIVATES COMPLEMENT & CLEARING ANTIGEN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high conc. in serum
HIGHLY SPECIFIC
measured with titer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Worm infections (HELMITH)
problem in allergy |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| B-Cell receptor (non-secreted) |
|
|
Term
Antibody Function
(general) |
|
Definition
activate and tag antigen for destruction
DO NOT DESTROY |
|
|
Term
| Defense Mechanisms of antibodies |
|
Definition
neutralization,
agglutination,
precipitation,
complement fixation |
|
|
Term
| Allergy = ______ specific |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
non antigen specific
(i.e. irritant dermatitis) |
|
|
Term
Two steps to allergy development
(response) |
|
Definition
1. induction
2. elicitation |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
genetic disposition for allergy
IgE over production |
|
|
Term
Type I Hypersensitivity
(onset, effectors, general response) |
|
Definition
Rapid onset - <30 minutes
IgE, histamine
Respiratory? Epidermal? Systemic? |
|
|
Term
Type II Hypersensitivity
(onset, effectors, general response) |
|
Definition
5-8hrs
IgG, IgM, complement
? |
|
|
Term
Type III Hypersensitivity
(onset, effectors, general response) |
|
Definition
A.K.A. "Immune complex disease"
2-4 hrs
IgG, complement, NK, cytotoxic T
persistant infections? autoimmunity? environmental exposure? |
|
|
Term
Type IV Hypersensitivity
(onset, effectors, general response) |
|
Definition
very slow >12 hrs (TB skin test)
T-helper, macrophages
contact dermatitis? eczema?
HAPTEN antigen (i.e. poison ivy) |
|
|
Term
| Stages of Atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
1. Endothelial injury
2. Fatty streak
3. Fibro-fatty plaque
4. Nectrotic fatty plaque |
|
|
Term
Concentric Hypertrophy
(heart) |
|
Definition
thickening of ventricular wall
no increase in volume |
|
|
Term
Abnormal Volume Overload
(heart) |
|
Definition
| increasing length of muscle fibers |
|
|
Term
Eccentric Hypertropthy
(heart) |
|
Definition
| increased heart size and wall thickness |
|
|
Term
Blood cells in the urine
a. nephritic syndrome
b. nephrotic syndrome
c. azotemia
d. oliguria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following would most likely cause visual problems
a. polyarteritis nodosa
b. Wegener granulomatosis
c. Takayasu arteritis
d. Buerger's disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
During atheroma formation smooth muscle cells migrate to the
a. media
b. adventitia
c. basement membrane
d. intima |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The technical term for permanent dilation of the airways is
a. chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
b. atlelectasis
c. bronchiectasis
d. emphyema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Contraction bands are histological evidence for
a. myocarditis
b. cardiomyopathy
c. actrial myxoma
d. re-perfusion injury |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not from the myeloid lineage
a. platelets
b. NK cells
c. erythrocytes
d. neutrophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is associated with defects in ankyrin and spectrin?
a. hereditary spherocytosis
b. beta thalassemia major
c. beta thalassemia minor
d. glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency |
|
Definition
| a. hereditary spherocytosis |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a form of megablastic anemia
a. folate deficiency anemia
b. iron deficiency anemia
c. sickle cell anemia
d. pernicious anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Reed Sternberg cells are observed in
a. aplastic anemia
b. polycythemia vera
c. follicular lymphoma
d. Hodgkin's lymphoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Of the following, smoking is the most important risk factor in
a. Kartagener syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. emphysema
d. pneumonia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of these is not a systemic effect of sickle cell anemia
a. vessel inflammation
b. vascular occlusion
c. immunohemolytic anemia
d. tissue congestion |
|
Definition
| c. immunohemolytic anemia |
|
|
Term
The kidney hormone that promotes bone marrow production of red blood cells is
a. erythropoeitin
b. angiotension
c. rennin
d. anti-diuretic hormone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is most common cause of adult acute renal failure?
a. hydronephrosis
b. pyelonephritis
c. nephrolithiasis
d. acute tubular necrosis |
|
Definition
| d. acute tubular necrosis |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a characteristic of Turner's syndrome?
a. cystic hygroma
b. bacillary angiomatosis
c. spider telengiectasia
d. capillary hemangioma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
4 alpha globin genes are deleted in
a. beta thalassemia major
b. hyrops fetalis
c. Hemoglobin H disease
d. sickle cell anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypercholesteremia Class 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypercholesteremia Class 2 |
|
Definition
| synthesis of receptor but fail to transport receptor to cell |
|
|
Term
| Hypercholesteremia Class 3 |
|
Definition
| receptor on cell surface fails to bind/recognize LDL |
|
|
Term
| Hypercholesteremia Class 4 |
|
Definition
| receptor binds to LDL but fails to internalize |
|
|
Term
| Hypercholesteremia Class 5 |
|
Definition
| internalize LDL, but cannot release it with the lysosome. becomes trapped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
disease of structural protein (fibrillin)
FBN1 gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
disease of structural enzyme (lysyl hyroxylase)
Collagen types I & III |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"spectrin protein"
anemia, splenomegaly, jaundice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increased phenylalanine
lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
deficient galactase
build up of galactose
cirrhosis, splenomegaly etc. |
|
|
Term
| True vs False (pseudo) aneurism |
|
Definition
True = wall bound
False = breach in vessel; extravascular hematoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary disorder causes HTN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (pressure*radius) / wall thickness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thromboangitis Obliterans |
|
Definition
direct cell toxicity
SMOKING
ISCHEMIC GANGRENE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
superficial veins
incompetant valves |
|
|
Term
| Raynauds Disease vs Raynaud's Phenomenon |
|
Definition
Disease = intense vasospasm small arteries and arterioles
Phenom = arterial insuf. to extremeties secondary to other vascular disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inadequate CO (uable to eject) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patent Ductus Ateriosis PDA |
|
Definition
shunt from pulomary to aortic circulation
BYPASS THE LUNGS |
|
|
Term
| Ventricular Septal Defect |
|
Definition
#1 defect
left to right shunt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spectrin & ankyrin defect
splenomegaly, anemia, jaundice |
|
|
Term
| Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase |
|
Definition
GSH deficiency
leads to hydrogenperoxide - denatures globin
large doses of aspirin |
|
|
Term
| Warm type immunohemolytic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cold type immunohemolytic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Macrocytic
(from, appearance) |
|
Definition
folate, b12 deficiency
large, darker |
|
|
Term
Microlytic
(From, appearance) |
|
Definition
Iron deficiency, thalassemia (heme)
small, pale cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
allergic & skin disorders
parasitic and fungal infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
myeloproliferation disorders
lung malignancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
autoimmune dissorders
chronic infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lymphoid Neiplasm
(originate?) |
|
Definition
Tumor bases
Hodgkin, non-Hodgkin |
|
|
Term
Meloid Neoplasm
(originate)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Histiocytic neoplasms
(originate) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hodgkin Lymphoma
stages 1-4 |
|
Definition
single node
nodes on one side of diaphram
nodes on both sides of diaphram
multinodal |
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