Term
| What refers to the number of particles in solution per kilogram of water? |
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Definition
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Term
| Risk is ___ when osmoality is lowered. |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood is ___ mOsm/kg; contrast media ranges from __-___mOsm/kg |
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Definition
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Term
| Air and gas are ___ contrast agents; they cause affected structures to be darker than surrounding structures. |
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Definition
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Term
| CO2 is best for air contrast media because it is ___ & ___. |
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Definition
| nontoxic; not absorbed too rapidly |
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Term
| Iodinated media are ___ agents. |
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Definition
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Term
| Iodine compounds are ___ and ___ radiation to a greater degree than blood or soft tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most frequently used contrast agents other than barium & have specific or multi-application purposes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Iodinated media can be injected intra-___ & intra-___, or directly in the structure to be visualized. |
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Definition
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Term
| When ionic compounds disassociate int two charged particles in solution, increasing osmolality, what is it called? |
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Definition
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Term
| When nonionic particles do not break down into charged particles ___ total volume is needed because each molecule has a ___ # of iodine atoms. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability or inability of a fluid solution to flow easily is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Viscosity is determined by 3 things: |
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Definition
1) # of particles in a solution
2) size of particles
3) the attraction among the particles |
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Term
| The ___ the iodine concentration, the ___ viscous the contrast. |
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Definition
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Term
| Viscosity may be reduced somewhat by ___ the medium to body temp before injection. |
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Definition
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Term
| Contrast media toxicity is determined by 5 things: |
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Definition
1) chemical configuration of molecules
2) iodine concentration
3) osmolality
4) ionization characteristics
5) rate of admin. & dosage |
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Term
| Common reactions to ionic contrast are: |
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Definition
1) feeling of warmth
2) light-headedness
3) nausea and vomiting |
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Term
| Severe reactions to ionic contrast are: |
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Definition
1) seizures
2) cardiac dysfunction
3) anaphylaxis |
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Term
| ___ osmolality contrast media causes _____ of blood cells and surrounding tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| The release of ____, which causes an allergic response, is ___the result of antigens in the blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| What can have adverse affects on pulmonary artery pressure, blood volume, and cardiac output? |
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Definition
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Term
| BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is important to check to ____ adverse reactions during procedure. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| If patient has history of diabetes, what do you check for? |
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Definition
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Term
| If patient has history of kidney disease or failure, what do you check for? |
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Definition
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Term
| If patient has history of heart disease or hypotension, what do you check for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of diabetic medications that must be withheld day of and 48 hours after contrast administration: |
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Definition
Glucophage
Glucovance
Metaglip
Avandament |
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Term
| Patients at risk for reaction are premeditated with: |
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Definition
| antihistamine and/or corticosteroids |
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Term
| When administering contrast, begin injection with a ___ amount and wait to check signs or symptoms of allergic reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| Study that provides contrast imaging of the internal contours of the urinary bladder, filling the bladder by retrograde injection of water-soluble iodine through urinary catheter: |
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Definition
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Term
| catheters are inserted into ureters and water-soluble iodine compound is injected into the kidney pelves: |
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Definition
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Term
| Contrast radiographic exam of the gallbladder: |
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Definition
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Term
| Fiberoptic exam of the common bile duct performed with an endoscope: |
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Definition
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Term
| Contrast exam of the internal surfaces of the spinal canal: |
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Definition
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Term
| Contrast exam of synovial joint structures: |
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Definition
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Term
| During a GI exam, barium is ___; it absorbs water from surrounding tissues and can dehydrate the patient or solidify. |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 types of water-soluble iodinated solutions used for GI exams: |
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Definition
1)gastrografin
2)oral hypaque |
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Term
| A double-contrast barium enema may be used because it provides better visualization of: |
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Definition
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Term
| A procedure for the evaluation of patients with defecational dysfunction: |
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Definition
| defecography (evacuation proctrography or dynamic rectal examination) |
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Term
| A fluoroscopic and radiographic exam of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum: |
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Definition
| Upper Gastrointestinal Study (UGI) |
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Term
| A fluoroscopic exam of the colon: |
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Definition
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Term
| Useful for the detection of lesions in the duodenum distal to the duodenal bulb and for the diagnosis of pancreatic disease: |
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Definition
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Term
| Injection of nutrient or medicinal liquid into the small bowel: |
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Definition
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Term
| A series of timed radiographs are obtained during this procedure; most common; patient drinks barium: |
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Definition
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