Term
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Definition
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Term
| When the word para is mentioned it means... |
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Definition
| number of live deliveries |
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Term
| in the past history of female genitlais 3 things are included...these are number of prenancies, number of dleliveries, number of planned and spontaneuos abortions...aka? |
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Definition
| Gravida, Pars, and same as on front |
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Term
| How many mL of blood are in a "normal menstrual period? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| no menstruation for 3 months or more |
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Term
| Name 5 situations where primary amenorrhea(failure of menarche) is present |
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Definition
1) Kallman's Syndrome: primary GnRH deficiency
2) Turner's Syndrome: XO
3) Testicular Sensitization syndrome: androgen insensitivity
4) Imperforate hymen
5) Congential malformations of GU tract: uterine agenesis and vaginal malformations |
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Term
| Define secondary amenorrhea |
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Definition
| amenorrhea that occurs any time after menarche has occured |
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Term
| Secondary amenorrhea that is present due to pituitary disease has two types---these are? |
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Definition
Prolactinoma
Sheehan Syndrome |
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Term
| post partum hemorrhage causing pituitary infarct from lack of blood flow and increased pituitary demand...with secondary amenorrhea? |
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Definition
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Term
| Amenorrhea caused by intrauterine adhesions that obliterate part of the uterine cavity. Can occur subsequent to vigourous dilatation and curettage of the endometrium |
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Definition
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Term
| menopause occuring before age 35; can be caused oophoritis(mumps virus), or idiopathic |
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Definition
| Premature ovarian failure |
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Term
What is:
a decrease in volume of flow or duration of period? |
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Definition
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Term
If your patient has abnormally heavy volume of flow or abnormally long periods, this is known as ???
Hint: Most common causes are: uterine fibroids(leiomyomas), PID, endometriosis, IUD |
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Definition
| menorrhagia, hypermenorrhea |
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Term
Define metorrhagia
What hormone drop precipitates this? |
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Definition
bleeding at mid cycle
A drop in estrogen that occurs after ovulation usually precipites it |
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Term
| Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation. However as a med student you must know the symptoms....these are??? |
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Definition
lower abdominal pain
nausea
vomiting
fatigue
diarrhea |
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Term
There are two types of dysmenorrhea...Primary and secondary...
Primary is defined as unexplained idiopathic dysmenorrhea. The question is...What is believe to cause primary dysmenorrhea? |
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Definition
| believed to be casused by high uterine levels of PGE2 |
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Term
| There are two types of dysmenorrhea...Primary and secondary...Secondary can be due to multiple things such as(5 are listed)? |
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Definition
endometriosis
PID
imperforate hymen
uterine polyps
adhesions |
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Term
| Female patient has abnormal uterine bleeding where NO etiologic agent can be found after both a history and pelvic exam...You are smart, so you will call this what??? |
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Definition
| Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) |
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Term
| When vaginal bleeding presents we must determine what? |
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Definition
| whether it is menstrual or NON-menstrual |
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Term
| Might pregnancy(intruauterine or ectopic) cause bleeding...why/ |
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Definition
| YES..."variety of reasons" |
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Term
| your patient is older post-menopause female that presents with what appears to be vaginal bleeding...What two cancers and one other item should be in your mind? |
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Definition
uterine cancer
cervical cancer
atrophic vaginitis if patient isnt on ERT(estrogen replacement therapy) |
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Term
Patient presents with acute pelvic pain
with:
pelvic pain occuring at mid-cycle and related to ovulation.
This is defined by what term? |
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Definition
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Term
Pateint presents with acute pelvic pain:
you include Torsion of Ovary on your differential.
What is torsion of ovary? |
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Definition
| cystic ovary can get large and twist on itself cutting off its blood supply and therefore leading to acute onset pelvic pain |
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Term
| 3 causes of acute pelvic pain? |
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Definition
| mittelschmerz, torsion of ovary, ruptured tubal pregnancy |
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Term
| 30 year old patient presents with long standing chronic pelvic pain that is characterized by a constant pain that radiates to coccyx and lower back. She has symptoms of pain with sex(dyspareunia), pain with menstration(dysmenorrhea), and complaint of lac |
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Definition
| Endometriosis(onset of age between 25-40yrs) |
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Term
concerning pregnancy and infertility:
early pregnancy:
symptoms that present include? |
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Definition
secondary amenorrhea
morning sickness
breast tenderness
urinary frequency(anatomic or hormonal)
constipation
weight change: weight loss is commo in early pregnacy then gain later |
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Term
Patient is approaching late stage of pregnancy and notices this darkening of skin around eyes, nose, cheeks...around her nipple, and skin between her umbilicus and pubic ridge...
This is known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient is in later stage of pregnacy and notices what she calls "stretch marks." What are these called in the medical world? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do spider angiomas occur during late pregnancy? |
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Definition
| due to high estrogen levels |
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Term
Concerning pelvic change with pregnancy:
Define Chadwick's Sign. |
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Definition
| blue or purple discoloration of the vagina |
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Term
Concerning pelvic change with pregnancy:
Define Leukorrhea |
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Definition
| clear or white vaginal discharge with faint musty odor...may occur with pregnancy or in other situations |
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Term
Re: pelvic changes with pregnancy
Define Goodell's Sign |
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Definition
| bluish discoloration and SOFTENING of the CERVIX |
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Term
RE: pelvic change with pregnancy:
what is the term for PAINLESS uterine contractions occuring AFTER the 28th week? |
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Definition
| Braxton hicks contractions |
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Term
| Normally occurs at 18weeks during first pregnancy, and at 16 weeks in following pregnancy..this is the first fetal movement of which patient is aware....This known as? |
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Definition
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Term
4 signs of a "molar pregnancy"(Hydatidiform Mole)
(-hints: uterus size, fetal stuff, NV, tissue) |
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Definition
1) uterus increases rapidly in size shorly after implantation
2) persistant vaginal bleeding, no fetal movement, and no fetal heart tone by 12weeks
3) N & V more intense than normal
4) Grape like cluster of tissue expelled trhough the vagina |
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Term
concerning abnormalities in sexual function:
these are spasmodid guarding contraction of vagina upon attempt of intercourse...often follows rape or trauma... |
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Definition
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Term
Discharge:
physiologic discharge? |
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Definition
| is clear, or white and occurs midcycle |
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Term
discharge is gray, foamy, with BAD odor
the mucosa appears red..described as a "strawberry cervic"
What is this...and how will you confirm your notion? |
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Definition
Trichomonas vaginalis
Confirm with wet-mount |
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Term
Discharge is profuse mucoid with foul odor
Mucosa is RED, TENDER
You suspect patient has what?
What do you confirm with? |
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Definition
gonorrhea
confirm with culture |
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Term
discharge is gray or white, FISHY odor
Mucosa is normal
You suspect?
Your confirmation test is to find these large epithelial cells with many coccobacilli adherent...these cells are known as? |
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Definition
Gardnerella vaginalis(non-specific vaginitis)
Confirmation is with "Clue Cells" |
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Term
Discharge is little, yellow, mucous, and pus found in cervical canal
Mucosa shows cervical erosion
You suspect?
Confirmation study: FA stain of smear will show??? |
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Definition
You suspect Chlamydia
The confirmational study shows elementary bodies |
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Term
Discharge is white cottage cheese like
mucosa shows white patches stuck to red base
you suspect?
you confrk with a KOH preparation looking for ????? |
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Definition
You suspect Candida Albicans a yeast infection
you confirm by finding psudohypha on KOH preparation |
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Term
Discharge is little with some blood
Mucosa is atrophic pale, or red
You suspect?
How do you confirm this? |
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Definition
You suspect atrophic vaginitis due to estrogen deficiency
You confirm with history and age |
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Term
| what is pelvic relaxation? |
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Definition
| loss of pelvic support due to atrophy of muscular viscera |
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Term
Concerning pelvic relaxation:
Define:
Urethrocele
Cystolcele
Rectocele
Uterine Prolapse |
|
Definition
1) urethra herniates into vaginal canal
2) bladder herniates into vag canal
3) rectum herniates into vag canal
4) descent of uterus into vag canal |
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Term
| Describe the grading system of uterine prolapse: |
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Definition
| Graded from 1(mild) to 3(uterus descends past vulva) |
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Term
| define primary amenorrhea: |
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Definition
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Term
| MENOPAUSE is the absence of mensuse for 12 consecutive months, is between ages 45-55, and has many associated sxs...can you name some? |
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Definition
| vasomotor changes, sweating, sleep disturbances, accelerated bone loss, increased total LDL cholesterol, vulvo-vaginal atrophy leads to vaginal drying, dysuria, dyspareunia |
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Term
| With regards to the external examination...what should be examined? |
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Definition
1) mons pubis
2) labia majora, minora
3) urethral meatus, clitoris
4) vaginal introitus
5) perinuem |
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Term
| With regards to the internal examination what should be examined? |
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Definition
1) vagina, and walls
2) cervix
3) uterus, ovaries
4) pelvic muscle
5) rectovaginal wall |
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Term
Possible findings:
Labia
Clitoris
urethral orifice
introitus
Bartholin's glands
milk urethra |
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Definition
1) inflammation
2) enlarged in maculinization
3) urethral caruncle
4) imperforate hymen
5) infection
6) discharge |
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Term
Re: internal genitalia and pap smear
Techniques:
1) locate cervic with gloved and water lubricated index finger
2) assess support of vaginal outlet by asking patient to strain down
3) enlage inroitus by pressing its posterior margin down ward...
Thr |
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Definition
cystocele
custourethrocele
rectocele |
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Term
| what is the full name for a Pap smear? |
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Definition
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Term
RE: Papanicolau smears:
you obtain the specimen from where?
also determine what characteristics of the cervic? |
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Definition
one from the endocervix and one from the ectocervix
determine the size, shape, slit, lesions, polyp, drainage |
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Term
| What tools do you use for a Papanicolaou smear? |
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Definition
| endocervical brush, cotton tip applicatory if pregnant, cervical broom |
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Term
| During the external genitalia you should inspect and palpate labia for? |
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Definition
| symmetry of color, caking of discharge, inflammation, irritation or excoriation, and swelling |
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Term
| During the external genitalia exam you shold inspect urethral meatus an and vaginal opening for what? |
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Definition
| discharge, lesions or caruncles, polyps, fistulas |
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Term
Milk the ____ glands
Palpate the _____ glands |
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Definition
Milk the Skene
Palpate the Bartholin |
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Term
| inspect and palpate perineum for? |
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Definition
| smoothness, tenderness/inflammtion, fistulas, lesions or growths |
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Term
| inspect perineal area and anus for? |
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Definition
| skin characteristics, lesions, fissures, inflammation |
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Term
|
Definition
color
position
size and shape of Os
surface characteristics
discharge |
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Term
| inspect vaginal walls for the following? |
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Definition
| color, surface characteristics, secretions |
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Term
You insert index and middle finger of ONE hand into vagina and place other hand on abdominal midline...you palpate vaginal waalls, cervix, uterus, ovaries, adnexa...
this is called_________? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
during a bimanual:
palpate vaginal wall |
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Definition
| smoothness, tenderness, lesions |
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|
Term
during bimanual:
palpate cervic for |
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Definition
size, shape, length
position
mobility |
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|
Term
during bimanual:
palpate uterus for/ |
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Definition
location
position
size, shape, contour
mobility
tenderness |
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|
Term
during bimanual:
palpate ovaries for? |
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Definition
size
shape
consistency
tenderness |
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|
Term
during bimanual:
palpate adnexa for |
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Definition
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Term
| you insert index finger into vagina and middle finger into anus....assess sphincter tone, palpate rectovaginal septum for ____,_____,______; palpate posterior aspect of uterus, palpate anterior and posterior rectal wall for____, _______, ______, as well a |
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Definition
The card describes the Rectovaginal examination.
You should palpate rectovaginal septum for thickness, tone, nodules.
Palpate anterior and posterior rectal walls for masses, polyps, nodules.. |
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Term
The onset, remission of Mittelschmerz are described as?
A pelvic exam during Mittelschmerz reveals? |
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Definition
onset is sudden, remission is spontaneuous
Pelvic exam reveals adnexal ternderness but otherwise is negative |
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Term
| Caution!!! Clitoromegaly seems to be everywhere, however in actuallity only how many babies (1 out of??) have an endocrine problem. So look for other virilizing signs, and get 2nd opinion |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe endometriosis for both an adolecent and older woman |
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Definition
Adolecents may have pelvic pain this is cyclic and noncyclic
Older women most often habve cyclic pain.
dont let noncyclic pain r/o endometrisosi of adolcent |
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Term
| with sexual abuse case, it is helpful to know what? |
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Definition
| the characteristic odor of semen |
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Term
| A sudden dramatic change from mild even vague abdominal pain that is there but not particularly distressing to a SUDDEN ONSET of SEVERE ABDOMINAL tenderness in the HYPOGASTRIC AREA on ONE SIDE...is a "BIG CLUE" to? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
use sterile cotton swab
of the cervical os
hold in place for 10-30s
Use Z technique and smear specimen on culuture plate |
|
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Term
Trichomonas vaginalis
-collection, where, time, then what |
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Definition
Collect with sterile cotton swab
from the vaginal discharge
no collection time limit
place it on glass slide and drop of normal saline |
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Term
| Bacterial Vaginosis or Candida vulvovaginitis |
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Definition
sterile cotton swab
from the vaginal discharge
no specified time limit
place on glass slide and add drop of normal saline |
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Term
| DNA probe for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea |
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Definition
Dacron swab
cervical os
rotate in place for 30 s
place it in tube with specimen reagent |
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Term
| What sort of handouts should you have in your office/ |
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Definition
Safer Sex
STD signs and symptoms
Ex of Female genitalia
Guide for assemssment of Female genitlia
Cancer precention and screening |
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