Term
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Definition
| Nerves that extend from the brain |
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Term
| How many cranial nerves are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the first cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the first cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What openings in the skull transmit the first cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Foramina of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid |
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Term
| What cranial nerve is transmitted by the foramina of the crbriform plate of the ethmoid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the second cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the second cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the second cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the third cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the somatic function of the third cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Supplies four extrinsic eye muscles, which move the eyeball, and the levator palpebrae superioris, which elevates the upper eyelid |
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Term
| What is the parasympathetic motor function of the third cranial nerve? |
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Definition
Innervates sphincter pupllae muscle in the eye (constricts pupil)
Contracts ciliary muscles to make lens of the eye more puffy (thicker, as needed for vision) |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the third cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the fourth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the fourth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Supples one extrinsic eye muscle to move the eyeball inferiorly and laterally |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the fourth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the fifth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three branches of the fifth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
Opthamic Branch (V1)
Maxillary Branch (V2)
Mandibular Branch (V3) |
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Term
| What is the first branch of the fifth cranial nerve? What are its functions? |
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Definition
Opthalmic Branch
Conducts sensory impulses from the cornea, nose, forehead, and anterior scalp |
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Term
| What is the second branch of the fifth cranial nerve? What are its functions? |
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Definition
Maxillary Branch
Conducts sensory impulses from nasal mucosa, palate gums and cheek |
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Term
| What is the third branch of the fifth cranial nerve? What are its sensory functions? |
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Definition
| Conducts sensory impulses from the anterior two thirds of the tongue, skin of the chin, lower jaw teeth, and one third of the sensory innervates muscles of the auricle of the ear |
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Term
| What is the third branch of the fifth cranial nerve? What are its somatic functions? |
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Definition
Mandibular Branch
Innervates muscles of mastication and other muscles of lower facial region |
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Term
| What openings in the skull transmit the opthalmic branch of the fifth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What openings in the skull transmet the maxillary brnc of the fifth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What openings in the skull transmit the mandibular branch of the fifth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the sixth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the sixth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates one extrinsic eye muscle for abduction of the eyeball |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the sixth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the seventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the sensory functions of the seventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue |
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Term
| What are the somatic motor functions of the seventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates the muscles of facial expression and other muscles of the facial region |
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Term
| What are the parasympathetic motor functions of the seventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates the lacrimal gland and the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands |
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Term
| What openings in the skull transmit the seventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Internal auditory canal and stylomastoid foramen |
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Term
| What is the name and number of the eighth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| hat are the functions of the eighth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Conducts impulses of hearing and equilibrium from the inner ear |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmit the eighth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the ninth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the sensory functions of the ninth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
General sensation and taste from the posterior thid of the tongue
Conducts sensory information on blood pressure and blood chemistry from the cartoid sinuses |
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Term
| What are the somatic functions of the ninth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates a pharyngeal muscle |
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Term
| What are the parasympathetic motor functions of the ninth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates the partoid salivary gland |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the ninth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the tenth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the sensory functions of the tenth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates pharynx, larynx, and thoracic and abdominal viscera, as well as the external auditory canal |
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Term
| What are the somatic motor functions of the tenth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates most pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles |
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Term
| What are the parasympathetic motor functions of the tenth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates myocardium and the smooth muscle and glands of the thoracic and abdominal viscera |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmit the tenth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the eleventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the cranial root of the eleventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Travels with CN X fibers to the pharynx |
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Term
| What are the functions of the spinal root of the eleventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the eleventh cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name and number of the twelveth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the twelveth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
| Innervates intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles |
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Term
| What opening in the skull transmits the twelveth cranial nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two functions of the spinal cord? |
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Definition
Pathway for sensory and motor impulses
Spinal Reflexes |
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Term
| What is the general shape of the spinal cord in cross-section? |
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Definition
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Term
| What depressions lie on the anterior and posterior surface of the spinal cord? |
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Definition
Posterior Median Sulcus
Anterior Median Sulcus |
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Term
| Where does the spinal cord begin and end in an adult? |
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Definition
Foramen Magnum to L1
(All the way as a fetus) |
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Term
| List the regions of the spinal cord. |
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Definition
Cervical Region
Thoracic Region
Lumbar Region
Sacral Region
Coccygeal Region |
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Term
| What is the cauda equina? |
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Definition
Spinal nerves that extend from the end of the spinal cord (L1) to the end of the vertebral canal. A painr of spinal nerves exits the canal at each of the lower levels.
(Horse's Tail) |
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Term
| How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the regions of the spinal cord and the spinal verves associated with each each region. |
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Definition
Cervical Region: C1-C8
Thoracic Region: T1-T12
Lumbar Region: L1-L5
Sacral Region: S1-S5
Coccygeal Region: Co |
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Term
| How does the dura mater within the vertebral canal differ from the dura within the cranial cavity? |
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Definition
| It consist of one layer instead of two |
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Term
| What portions of the spinal cord is composed of dendrites and cell bokies of neurons and glial cells and unmyelinated axons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What portion of the spinal cord is composed our myelinated axons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Within the spinal cord, where is gray matter located and how is it shaped? |
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Definition
Centrally
H-Shaped/Butterfly-Shaped |
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Term
| Within the spinal cord, what are the anterior masses of gray matter that cnotain the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Within the spinal cord, from T1-L2, what structures contain the cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Within the spinal cord, what are the posterior masses of gray matter that contain the axons of sensory neurons and the cell bodies of the interneurons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizontal bar of gray matter surrounds the central canal within the spinal cord? |
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Definition
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Term
| What fills the central canal of the spinal cord? |
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Definition
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Term
| Within the regions of the spinal cord's gray matter, what are the various functional groups of neuron cell bodies? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the white matter of the spinal cord lie in relation to the gray matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| The white matter of the spinal cord is partitioned into three regions. What is each called? |
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Definition
Posterior Funiculus
Lateral Funiculus
Anterior Funiculus |
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Term
| Anteriorly and posteriorly, what are the small attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord? |
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Definition
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Term
| The numerous small attachments of a spinal verve to the spinal cord converge to form what structures? |
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Definition
Anterior Root
Posterior Root |
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Term
| The cell bodies of sensory neurons associated with the pinal cord are found on what structures? |
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Definition
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Term
| The cell bodies of motor neurons within the spinal cord are found in what structures? |
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Definition
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Term
| Spinal nerves are formed by the convergence of what structures within what structure? |
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Definition
| Anterior and posterior roots within the intervertebral foramen |
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Term
| What are the two main branches of a spinal verve? |
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Definition
Posterior Ramus
Anterior Ramus |
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Term
| What branches of a spinal nerve are associated with the autonomic nervous system? |
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Definition
Rami Communicantes
(Communicating Rami) |
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Term
| What is a specific segment of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a network of interweaving anterior rami of spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| The anterior rami of T1-T11 travel in intercostal spaces. What are these nerves called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What term is used to refer to T12 because it lies below the ribs rather than between them? |
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Definition
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Term
| In general, what do intercostal nerves innervate? |
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Definition
Intercostal Muscles
Skin of the anterior and lateral thoracic wall |
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Term
| The cervical plexus arises from what spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the cerical plexus located? |
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Definition
| Deep on the lateral side of the neck |
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Term
| What regions of the body does the cervical plexus innervate? |
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Definition
Anterior neck muscles
Skin of the neck and portions of the head and shoulders
Diaphragm |
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Term
| What branch of the cervical plexus innervates the diaphragm? |
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Definition
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Term
| The brachial plexus arises from what spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the brachial plexus located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What regions of the brachial plexus innervate? |
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Definition
| Pectoral Girdle and Upper Extemity |
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Term
| List the five nerves that innervate the upper extremity. |
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Definition
Axillary Nerve
Mdian Nerve
Musculocutaneous Nerve
Radial Nerve
Ulnar Nerve
NO BRACHIAL NERVE!!! |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the median nerve? |
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Definition
Anterior forearm muscles
Thenar muscles
Two ateral lumbricals |
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the median nerve? |
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Definition
| Palmar side of the 3 1/2 fingers and the lateral 1/2 of the ring finger and from the dorsal tips of the same fingers |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the musculocutanious nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cutaious innervation of the musculocutaneous nerve? |
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Definition
| Lateral surface of the forearm |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the radial nerve? |
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Definition
Posterior arm muscles
Posterior forearm muscles |
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the radial nerve? |
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Definition
| Posterior arm and forearm surface and the dorsolateral side of the hand |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the ulnar nerve? |
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Definition
Some of the aterior forearm muscles
Intrinsic muscles of the hand (Hypothenar muscles, palmar and interossei, and the medial two lumbricals) |
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the ulnar nerve? |
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Definition
| Dorsal and palmar aspects of the medial 1 1/2 fingers |
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Term
| The lumbar plexus arises from the anterior rami of what spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main nerve of the posterior division of the lumbar plexus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is th motor innervation of the femoral nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the femoral nerve? |
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Definition
Anterior and inferomedial thigh
Medial aspect of the leg |
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Term
| What is the main nerve of the anterior division of the lumbar plexus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the oburator nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of he obturator nerve? |
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Definition
| Superomedial skin of the thigh |
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Term
| What other regions of the body do small branches of the lumbar plexus innervate? |
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Definition
Abdominal wall
The scrotum and the labia
Interior portions of the abdominal muscles |
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Term
| The anterior rami of what spinal nerves form the sacral plexus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nerves emerging from the sacral plexus innervate what portions of the body? |
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Definition
Posterior thigh
Gluteal region
Pelvis
Perineum
Almost all of the leg and foot |
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Term
| What are the two main divisions of the sacral plexus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nerves of the sacral plexus arising from the anterior division tend to innervate what muscles? |
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Definition
| Muscles that flex (or plantar flex) parts of the lower limb |
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Term
| What is the largest and longest nerve in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve is formed from the anterior divisions of the sciatic nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What division of what nerve innervates the hamstrings? |
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Definition
| Tibial division of the sciatic nerve |
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Term
| Within the leg, what nerve innervates the plantar flexors of the foot and the flexors of the toes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the tibial nerve? |
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Definition
| Plantar surface of the foot |
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Term
| What nerve is formed from the posterior division of the sciatic nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What division of what nerve innervates the short head of the biceps femoris? |
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Definition
| Common fibular division of the sciatic nerve |
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Term
| What are the two main divisions of the common fibular nerve? |
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Definition
Deep fibular nerve
Superficial fibular nerve |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation of the deep fibular nerve? |
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Definition
Anterior leg muscles
Muscles of the dorum of the foot |
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the deep fibular nerve? |
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Definition
| Skin between the first and second toes on the dorsum of the foot |
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Term
| What is the cutaneous innervation of the superficial fibular nerve? |
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Definition
Anteroinferior part of the leg
Most of the dorsum of the foot |
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Term
What nerve has the following motor and cutaneous innervation?
Motor-Poseterior arm muscles and the posterior forearm muscles
Cutaneous-Posterior arm and forearm surface and the dorsolateral side of the hand |
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Definition
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