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| Greek word meaning character, uses the author's credentials, tone, word choice, and vocabulary to convince the audience of the author's credibility and trustworthiness |
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Either or/ Fallacy
(black or white) |
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| where two alternative states are represented as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist. |
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| the presentation of two contrasting images, the ideas are balanced by a word, phrase, clause, or paragraphs. "To be or not to be.." |
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| Form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis and intensity |
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| Is a form of evidence that is presented to contradict or nulify other evidence that has been presesnted by an adverse party |
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| classified as an informal logical fallacy, it is misleading use of term with more than one meaning or sense (by glossing over which meaning is intended at a particular time) |
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| The means of communication, as radio and television, newspapers, and magazines, that reach or influence people widely |
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| A more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortablem often used to obscure the reality of a situation |
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| A situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understoo and what actually happens or is meant, frequently humorous, and an be sarcastic when usig words to imply the opposite of what they normally mean |
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A statement that seems to contradict itself but that turns out to have a rational meaning, as in this quatation:
"I never found the companion that was so companiable as solitude." |
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| Regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses. |
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| Flaw in resoning, logical fallacies are like tricks or illusions of thought, and they're often very sneakily used by politicians and the media to fool people |
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| able to be beleived, convincing; reliable |
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| A subject that gets covered throughly |
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| The speech act of answering an attack on your assertions |
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| The action or fact of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something |
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| Means persuading by the use of reasoning |
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| appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as attemppted form of validation |
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- of or relating to, or concerned with the are of rhetoric
- expressed in terms intended to persuade or impress
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- information, esp. of a biased or misleadding nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view
- the dissemination of such information as political strategy
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| A plan or suggestion put forward for consideration or discussion by others. |
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| A thinf that is granted, esp. in response to demands; a thing conceded |
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| Assuming either that properties shared between two situation or existents will continue to be found indefinitely |
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| Persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions |
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| conclusion or type of reasoning whereby observation or information about a part of a class is applied to the class as a whole. contrast with deductive |
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| The reasoning process by which a conclusion is drawn from set of premises ans contains no more facts that theses premises. |
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Evidence= proof of claim
Logical= reasonably verifiable |
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| information that is aquired by observation or experimentation |
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| claim of non-factual information based on a person's experience |
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an arguement made personaly against an opponent instead of against their arguement.
"personal attacks" |
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| characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, etc. |
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| incorrect arguement in logic and rhetoric resulting in a lack of validity, or more generally, a lack of soundness. |
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| Assering that if we allow A to happen, then Z will consequently happen too, therefore A should not happen. |
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| Manipulating an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling arguement |
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| comparing two things as if they are parallel when they are not. |
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| inclination of temperament or outlook to present or hold a partial perspective all the expense of (possibly equally valid) alternatives in reference to objects, people or groups. Generally one-sided |
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| Post Hoc, Ergo Proctor Hoc |
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