Term
|
Definition
| Forms a complex with Antithrombin III allowing inhibition of factor X and thrombin |
|
|
Term
| whats unique in regards to the half life of heparin |
|
Definition
| half life is dose dependent |
|
|
Term
| what are the two coagulation tests when assessing for someone on heparin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if a patient is resistant to heparin therapy perhaps due to previous exposure to heparin then you can manage by what three things |
|
Definition
1. increase heparin dose
2. change from porcine to bovine heparin
3. administer recombinant antithormbin III |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
1. thrombocytopenia
2. heparin resistance
3. thrombus formation |
|
|
Term
| who are the three pts that you should be very careful with and may not give protamine to |
|
Definition
1. fish allergy
2. on NPH
3. vastectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. enhancing Antithrombin III acitivty
2. directly inhibiting factor Xa
|
|
|
Term
| if a patient is on lovenox how long must they be off of it till they can get surgery |
|
Definition
| AT LEAST 12 hours since that is how long duration is |
|
|
Term
| name the vitamin K dependent factors |
|
Definition
1. II
2. VII
3. IX
4. X
5. Protein C
6. Protein S |
|
|
Term
| how long after giving Vitamin K will it help reverse coumadin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leech saliva acts as a ___ Drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| binds and blocks active site of thrombin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Factor Xa inhibitor
Rivaroxaban aka Xarelto |
|
|
Term
| name two fibrinolysis inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what common drug inhibits thormboxane synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which antiplatelet works by blocking ADP receptors on platelet surface |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of platelet defect is due to what |
|
Definition
| ihibition of platelet cyclooxygenase activity by ASA or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory NSAIDs. |
|
|
Term
| how long are platelets inactivated by ASA |
|
Definition
| IRREVERSIBLY inactivates cyclooxygenase for the life of the platelet (7-12 days) |
|
|
Term
| how long do NSAIDs inactivate platelets |
|
Definition
| NSAIDs unlike ASA reversibly inactivate cyclooxygenase for 24-96 hours. |
|
|
Term
| what clotting factors are synthesized by the liver |
|
Definition
ALL FACTORS except:
1. vWF
2. Calcium
3. Tissue factor (Factor III, thormboplastin) |
|
|
Term
| Factor VIII is composed of? |
|
Definition
1. VIII: C
AND
2. VIII: vWF |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GPIIb/IIIa is a platelet glycoprotein which binds when activated to circulating fibrinogen and promotes platelet aggregation that leads to a platelet plug.
Antiplatelets that target GPIIb/IIIa are:
1. Aggrastat
2. Integrillin
3. Abciximab |
|
|
Term
| what is the function of protein C in hemostasis? What are the mechanisms of protein C action? |
|
Definition
1. Protein C is a vitamin K dependent anticoagulant
2. Protein C is activated by Thrombin
3. Protein C promotes finbrinolysis (clot breakdown)
4. Cleaves Factor Va and VIIa which allows for anticoagulation |
|
|
Term
| what substance breaks down fibrin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FFP contains what clotting factors |
|
Definition
| all clotting factors except platelets |
|
|
Term
| prothrombin time is increased when what percentage of clotting factors has been reduced |
|
Definition
| when clotting factors are at 20-30% normal then you will see a change in PT |
|
|
Term
| dosing for FFP for coumadin reversal is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what coagulation factors are found in cryoprecipitate |
|
Definition
1. VIII:C
2. VIII: vWF
3. Fibrinogen (Highly concentrated amount) |
|
|
Term
| a patient with fibrinogen deficiency should be treated with what |
|
Definition
| cyropreciptate since it is highly concnetrated in fibrinogen |
|
|
Term
| most common inherited bleeding disorder is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Anchors platelets to endothelium
2. activates VIII: C |
|
|
Term
| what drug can raise vWF in some paitents with vWF disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do fibrin split products assess |
|
Definition
| FSP assess how fast fibrin or fibrinogen is breaking down |
|
|
Term
| Hemophilia A involves deficiency of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. endothelial injury
2. stasis or turbulent blood flow
3. hypercoagulability of the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACT monitors intrinsic or extrinsic pathway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an ACT > _____ suggests complete heparinization |
|
Definition
| ACT > 400 seconds suggests complete heparinization |
|
|
Term
| coumadin assessed with what coagulation test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| INR stands for international normalized ratio of the a patients PT to a control PT obtained by a standard method. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spontaneous bleeding can occur when platelet count is < ____ |
|
Definition
| platelet count < 20,000 you may see spontaneous bleeding |
|
|
Term
| if patient is on ASA what test may be warranted |
|
Definition
| bleeding time test since platelet count will be normal. |
|
|
Term
| Name the three herbals associated with bleeding |
|
Definition
1. gingko
2. ginseng
3. garlic |
|
|
Term
| herbals should be d/c how long prior to surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factor Xa does what in coagulation cascade |
|
Definition
| Factor Xa catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, |
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