Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharmacology
Final Exam Blueprint
52
Other
Not Applicable
12/04/2005

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
SE when pts are taking antihistamines and other CNS depressant drugs
Definition
Drowsiness, vertigo, sedation, hypotension, palpitations, arrhythmias, dryness of mouth, CNS depressants additive to CNS side effects of antihistamines
Term
What is type 2 diabetes?
Definition
Adult onset, non insulin dependent, decreased production, resistance
Term
What is the 1st therapy?
Definition
Triad (diet exercise, organs)
Term
When are meds prescribed for type2 Diabetes and WHY?
Definition
When first line fails because need more
Term
What type of med would be prescribed for type 2 diabetes?
Definition
NPH insulin/short acting
Term
What are the main 2 SE of Dilantin?
Definition
Gingival hyperplasia, highly protein bound (*ataxia-slurred speech), nystagamus (opthalamic symptoms of toxicity) urine color change
Term
What is the main reason for pts on antiseizure drugs to have seizures?
Definition
Forget to take it- non-compliance
Term
What is the drug level for Dilantin?
Definition
10-20 micrograms/ml
Term
What is the ROUTE called when a patient has a drug in their:
Cheek:
Rectum:
MDI Device:
Definition
Cheek-buccal
Rectum-PR
From a MDI device?- inhalant/meter dosed inhaler
Term
How long should a pt take an antibiotic for a URI??LTI?Knee infection?
Definition
All until the prescription is finished to avoid rebound or tolerance/resistance
Term
Define bacteriostatic
Definition
prevent growth
Term
Define bacteriocidal
Definition
Kills directly
Term
Insulin is what type of drug?
Definition
anti-diabetic
Term
How is insulin measured?
Definition
In Units (U)
Term
How is insulin given? (route?)
Definition
SQ
Term
Antacids—togive or not to give with other meds?????
Definition
NO! reduce absorption
Term
Action of cimetidine (antihistamine) as a H2 blocker??
Definition
Reduce gastric acid secretion, block histamine release in GI
Term
What is the difference of H1 and H2 blockers??
Definition
H1= work on blood vessels/bronchioles (respiratory
H2= act on GI tract
Term
What is unique about MAOI antidepressants?
Definition
Cannot take with tyramine foods (beer, wine, cheese, etc)
Term
What is the 1st DOC for depression? 2nd DOC??
Definition
1st SSRI (Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil),
2nd MAOI (Nardil) (dont take with TCA-avoid foods with tyramine
3rd TCA (Amitriptyline-elavil)
Term
What patient teaching would you discuss when giving a dose of Metamucil for the relief of constipation??
Definition
Take with water b/c forming soft bulky mass
Term
How long can one take a stimulant laxative? Why not forever?
Definition
No more than one laxative per week because could develop a cathartic dependence needing stimulation for BM.
-causes you to lose your ability to have a BM on your own.
Term
High doses of aspirin can lead to what SE? What would you teach your patient to reduce this risk?
Definition
-GI irritation, tinnitus, ototoxicity, reye's syndrome, resp alkalosis, hypersensitivity.
-Take with food or antacid, avoid ETHOL, take with water
Term
What is the electrolyte that caN CAUSE DIGOXIN TOXICITY? Discuss.
Definition
Potassium: digoxin competes with potassium, so if potassium too low, cardiac toxic symptoms occur. Can have toxic symptoms b/c of potassium levels even though dig levels are normal
Term
Heparin therapy—how to determine if doses are correct (labs, etc.)
Definition
PTT= check before injection/every 24hrs, normal 30-40 sec therapeutic is 1.5-2 Xs control
Term
Coumadin therapy—how to determine if doses are correct? (labs—levels, etc)
Definition
PT/INR= PT 1.5-2Xs normal, INR 2-3
Term
Quinalone antibiotics are not used in children-why?
Definition
Damages their cartilage, stunts growth
Term
How can iron (ferrous sulfate) stain the teeth? What teaching is needed?
Definition
Elixir stains, use a straw and rinse/spit after
Term
Asthmatics with dyspnea… Aminophylline is given for what effect?
Definition
bronchodilation
Term
Effect of nitrates?
Definition
Decrease demand/increase supply, reduce preload/SV/CO, relax arterioles
Term
SE of nitrates—nursing teaching for most common SE?
Definition
=Causes HA-take ASPIRIN
-To depress reflex tachycardia take Beta Blockers.
-To depress tolerance have nitrate free intervals (at nighttime).
Term
How to teach pt if nitro is active, or too old?
Definition
Burns tongue if it is active
Term
5 common SE of narcotics?
Definition
Resp depression
Sedation
Orthostatic hypotension,
N/V/D,
Impaired mental processes
Urinary retention
Term
Steroids and the discontinuation of them? PT Teaching?
Definition
Do not abruptly stop, eat protein/potassium, monitor weight/BS, short term use only
Term
Main action of anatabuse?
Definition
Causes nausea in alcoholics- a violent reaction when alcohol is ingested--VOMITTING!
Term
Define each type of angina,
-stable, unstable, Prinzmetals?
Definition
Stable= pain is predictable, manageable with meds.
Unstable= sudden painful mvmt of plaque
Prinzmetals= not same cause, b/c of vasospasm not CAD
Term
1st treatment for high cholesterol is to?
Definition
change diet, increase exercise
Term
SE of Lipitor?
Definition
Statin that can cause severe liver complications, headache, flatulence, Rhabdomyolysis
Term
Dangers of Lipitor?
Definition
Acute renal failure
and SE (severe liver complications, HA, flatulence, Rhabdomyolysis
Term
Hypothyroidism-drugs to treat? Sighns of hypo and hyper?
Definition
-levothyroxine- Synthroid- T4
-liotrix- Euthroid
-liothyronine- Cytomel- T3
-HYPO- cold intolerant, puffy face, lethargy, bradycardia- Myxedema(adults)
-HYPER- heat intolerant, buggy eyed (exothalamus) hyper, -GRaves Disease
Term
KNOW about PTU, I-131, thyroid hormone, Propacil --- what drugs treats what condition.
Definition
PTU= Propacil for HYPERtyroidism
I-131= soidum iodide for HYPERthyroidism
Thyroid hormone= synthroid for HYPOthyroidism
Term
Main source of Iodine is from??
Definition
salt
Term
What are 3-4 SE of steroids? What about for a teenager?
Definition
Stunts growth, wieght gain, immunosuppresion, GI bleeding
Term
Angina- patient teaching, re:NTG SL tas abd 911?
Definition
NTG burns tongue, take 3-15 min before 911
Term
Bulk forming laxatives-action?
Definition
Form soft bulky mass that stimulates local activity
Term
Lasix--SE and lab values needed?
Definition
Diurectics given IV in crisis, monitor output! Know potassium level
SE= dehydration (electrolyte imbalance)
Term
SE of anticonvulsants
Definition
Depression, drowsiness, memory impairment, fatigue, N/V
Term
Drugs to reduce withdrawl s/s
Definition
Benzodiazepines like valium etc
Term
SE haldol, thorazine?
Definition
Tardive dyskinesia, Dystonia,Akathisia, Psuedomparkinsonism
HALDOL- EPS
THORAZINE- sedation, anticholinergic, hypotension, low EPS
Term
SE 1st generation antihistamines?
Definition
drowsiness (increase sedation and anti-cholinergice effects)
Term
SE 1st generation antihistamines?
Definition
drowsiness (increase sedation and anti-cholinergice effects)
Term
Sympathomimetic means what?
Definition
Mimics sympathetic nervous system (fight-flight)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!