Term
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Definition
| NMDA receptor antagonist --> prevents excitotoxicity (cell death!!) from too much glutamate in Alzheimer's |
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Term
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Definition
achetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's |
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Term
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Definition
achetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's |
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Term
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Definition
achetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits ability to store NE, A, 5-HT --> amine depletion
Huntington's |
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Term
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Definition
promotes early degradation of DA --> amine depletion
Huntington's |
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Term
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Definition
5-HT1B/1D agnoist
coronary vasospasm -- not for CAD or Prinzmetal's angina |
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Term
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Definition
binds Ca2+ channels --> decreased glutamate/NE release
neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, partial seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| ergot, dopamine receptor agonist |
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Term
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Definition
| non-ergot, dopamine receptor agonist |
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Term
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Definition
| non-ergot, dopamine receptor agonist |
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Term
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Definition
| increase DA release (increase endogenous DA effect) |
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Term
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Definition
| COMT inhibitor -- inhibit peripheral methylation --> more DA available centrally |
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Term
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Definition
| COMT inhibitor -- inhibit peripheral AND central methylation --> more DA available centrally |
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Term
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Definition
antimuscarinic
helps tremor/rigidity |
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Term
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Definition
alpha-agonist
decrease aqueous humor secretion (2/2 vasoconstriction)
mydriasis (NOT for closed-angle glaucoma!!), stinging |
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Term
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Definition
alpha-agonist
decrease aqueous humor secretion
no eye changes |
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Term
| timolol, betaxolol, carteolol |
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Definition
beta-blockers
carteolol is non-selective (breaks A-->M rule!!)
decrease aqueous humor secretion
no eye changes |
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Term
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Definition
alpha-agonist
decrease aqueous humor secretion (2/2 decreased HCO3)
no eye changes |
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Term
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Definition
direct cholinomimetic
increase outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open traecular meshwork; use in emergencies!!
miosis, cyclospasm |
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Term
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Definition
direct cholinomimetic
increase outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork
miosis, cyclospasm |
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Term
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Definition
indirect cholinomimetic
increase outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork
miosis, cyclospasm |
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Term
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Definition
indirect cholinomimetic
increase outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork
miosis, cyclospasm |
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Term
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Definition
PGF2alpha
indirect cholinomimetic
increase outflow of aqueous humor
darkens color of iris!! |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission |
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Term
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Definition
opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission
for cough |
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Term
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Definition
opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission
for diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission |
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Term
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Definition
opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission
for diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid receptor agonists -- open K+ channels, close Ca2+ channels --> decrease synaptic transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| acute pulm edema (decrease anxiety and preload) |
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Term
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Definition
| partial agonist --> can cause withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
very weak opioid agonist
inhibits 5-HT and NE reuptake
decreases seizure threshold |
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Term
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Definition
| mixed agonist-antagonist --> can cause withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
mu -- endorphins
delta -- enkephalin
kappa -- dynorphin |
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Term
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Definition
increase Na+ channel inactivation, inhibit glutamate release
nystagmus/ataxia, SLE-like syndrome, gingival hyperplasia in kids, peripheral neuropathy, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia, fetal hydantoin syndrome, generalized LAD (pseudolymphoma!!)
first line for status prophylaxis |
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Term
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Definition
increase Na+ channel inactivation
for trigeminal neuralgia
blood stuff (agranulocytosiss, aplastic anemia), liver toxicity, Stevens-Johnson, SIADH |
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Term
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Definition
blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels
Steven-Johnson |
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Term
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Definition
GABA analog, but really inhibits HVA Ca2+ channels
for peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks Na+ channels, increase GABA action |
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Term
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Definition
increase duration of Cl channel opening (GABA-A)
for pregnant women, children
contraindicated in porphyria |
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Term
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Definition
increase Na+ channel inactivation, increase GABA concentration
for myoclonic seizures
hepatotoxicity, neural tube defects |
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Term
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Definition
blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels
EFGH -- Ethosuximide, Fatigue, GI, Headache + Stevens-Johnson |
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Term
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Definition
increase frequency of Cl- channel opening (GABA-A)
don't take with barbituates, alcohol, neuroleptics, 1st gen antihistamines
short -- TOM = Triazolam, Oxazepam, Midazolam, + alprazolam
intermediate -- chlordiazepoxide, prazepam, clonazepam, flurazepam, diazepam
long -- LET = lorazepam, estazolam, temazepam |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits GABA reuptake
partial seizures ONLY |
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Term
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Definition
irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase
partial seizures ONLY |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
increase duration of Cl channel opening (GABA-A)
contraindicated in porphyria |
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Term
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Definition
increase duration of Cl channel opening (GABA-A)
high lipid solubility, rapid entry into brain, rapid redistribution into skeletal muscles and fat --> rapid recovery |
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Term
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Definition
increase duration of Cl channel opening (GABA-A)
contraindicated in porphyria |
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Term
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Definition
non-benzo hypnotics, less dependence
act at BZ1 receptor |
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Term
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Definition
non-benzo hypnotics, less dependence
act at BZ1 receptor |
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Term
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Definition
non-benzo hypnotics, less dependence
act at BZ1 receptor |
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Term
anesthetics
-- solubility in blood
-- solubility in lipids
-- gas tension
-- AV concentration gradient |
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Definition
-- high blood solubility, slower onset and recovery
-- high lipid solubility, high potency, low MAC
-- high gas tension, high RR, deep ventilation
-- high AV concentration gradient, slower onset of action |
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Term
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Definition
inhaled anesthetic
high lipid and blood solubility
myocardial depression (hypotension, decreased renal perfusion), resp depression, increased cerebral blood flow (can cause cerebral edema!!)
hepatic necrosis (rapid death, high AST/ALT, PT, WBC, eosinophils, normal albumin -- t1/2 = 20d), arrhythmias |
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Term
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Definition
inhaled anesthetic
seizures |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inhaled anesthetic
nephrotoxic |
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Term
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Definition
inhaled anesthetic
low lipid and blood solubility |
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Term
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Definition
arylcyclohexylamine (PCP analogs)
block NMDA (glutamate) receptors
cardiovascular stimulants!! |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
esters -- allergic reactions, shorter duration of action
amides -- 2 I's!! |
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Term
| local anesthetics (-caine) |
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Definition
-- block inside of activated Na+ channels
-- acidic tissue (infection), alkaline anesthetics are changed and cannot penetrate membrane --> need higher dose
-- small myelinated, then small unmyelinated, large myelinated, finally large unmyelinated
-- lose pain, then temp, touch, finally pressure
-- except for cocaine, given with epi (NOT nose, digits, penis, pinna) |
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Term
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Definition
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
Phase I -- prolonged depolarization (fasciculations), no antidote
Phase II -- repolarized but blocked, antidote is cholinesterase inhibitors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
competitively blocks ACh receptors |
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Term
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Definition
prevents Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum
for malignnt hyperthermia and meuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| random thing about levodopa |
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Definition
| B6 increases peripheral metabolism of levodopa --> decreased effectiveness!! |
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Term
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Definition
Train of Four
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs |
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Term
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Definition
Train of Four
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs
Note: usually succinylcholine lasts ~10min, but some people have atypicalcholinesterase and it takes hours!! (give antidote during Phase II!!) |
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Term
| random opioid side effect |
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Definition
| biliary colic -- SM contraction of sphincter of Oddi --> increased GB pressure |
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