Term
| 22. Explain each of Hume's five solution and why each is insufficient. |
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Definition
1. We'll know in the afterlife.
If we can't know in this life, then all religion ends; "we can't know here" - this includes religion in general.
2. God is incomprehensible.
If God is incomprehensible than what is good in his eyes might not be what we think is Good. Prayer is then pointless (what do we pray for?)
3. There is more good than evil.
How do you measure? You can't. Although most evidence would probably point towards the opposite being true. Plus, why do we need pain/evil at all if God is all powerful/good?
4. God is finite in power.
Even a finitely perfect God should be able to stop gratuitous evil.
5. God is amoral and impersonal.
How could God create man's moral sense with infinite and deliberate wisdom and also be indifferent to the morals he purposefully willed into existence? |
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Term
| 23. Explain the free will solution (3 steps), define free will in two ways, and explain the three different views of free will (libertarianism, hard determinism, and soft determinism). What is the problem with one of these definitions of freedom? |
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Definition
The Free Will Solution
1. NE is due to ME
2. ME is due to Free Will (FW)
3. FW is necessary for human dignity.
Free Will Defined
1. ability to do otherwise; not determined or caused (libertarianism, hard determinism)
Libertarian: says we have FW
H. Determinist: says we don't have this def. of FW
2. the ability to do (or will) what we want (soft determinism)
If we don't want to do something our capability to do it is inconsequential.
But what about our wants? We don't get to choose those, we are born with our likes/dislikes and act accordingly. |
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Term
| 24. Give the four reasons showing that the free will defense is not sufficient. |
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Definition
1. Free will makes evil possible, not actual.
What if on one ever actually wanted to do evil?
2. Free will not need make evil possible.
It is not possible for God to do evil and he has FW.
3. Even if evil is actual, it is not necessary.
If it is necessary for evil to be actual at some point, we no longer have the FW to choose.
4. One can pass from innocence to virtue through temptation without evil.
Possible, but not actual (it never has to come into being: temptation without evil). |
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Term
| 25. What is the ironic solution to moral evil? |
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Definition
The Ironic Solution
1. Because of all the evil in the world, I can't see how God is good/all powerful.
2. Because of all the unbelief in the world, I can't see how God is good/all powerful.
3. Because of all the unbelief in me, I can't see how God is good/all powerful.
4. Because I have neglected and avoided the use of reason, I cannot see what is clear about God. |
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Term
| 26. What three things must be true for the ironic solution to be successful? |
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Definition
1. There is clear GR (General Revelation) and some is eternal (clarity + inexcusability)
2. There is no other way to deepen revelation of justice and mercy except through fall and redemption.
3. That deepened revelation is worth the suffering.
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Term
| 27. What is the relationship between natural evil and moral evil? |
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Definition
| Natural Evil (NE) is imposed on mankind after and because of Moral Evil (ME); "divine mercy calls us back to restrain and remove ME (because the greatest natural evil is death, so NE ceases at death.) |
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Term
| 28. Explain the relationship between ability and want, explain the is/ought/want principle. |
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Definition
Ability and want collapse at the most basic level of freedom: rational freedom. If you want it, you are able to...
when people make claims about what ought to be on the basis of what is
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Term
| 29. What are the levels of freedom? |
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Definition
1. Practical freedom (to do everything possible)
2. Political freedom (laws, illegal/legal, steal murder ect.)
3. Psychological freedom
4. Worldview freedom (you select it; not free to believe things contrary to your chosen worldview)
5. Presuppositional freedom (thoughts and assumptions)
6. Rational Freedom: Can you be stopped from using reason to think about your presuppositions? No.
You have the freedom to think whatever you want. If you want to, you have the ability to. Ability and want collapse at this level. |
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Term
| 31. Why is special revelation necessary? |
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Definition
| It is necessary to show how God can be both just and merciful at the same time: it is necessary to describe the existence of moral evil as an inherent punishment and natural evil as a callback (mercy). |
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Term
| 32. What is the role of general revelation in terms of the content of special revelation? |
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Definition
| Special revelation assumes that general revelation is clear and that reason was rejected, thus it is redemptive in nature. |
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Term
| 33. What does Genesis 1 say about what is eternal? |
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Definition
| Since "In the beginning, God created," everything he created is temporal; therefore only some is eternal (that "some" being God). |
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Term
| 34. What commands are given to man in Genesis, and what do they mean? |
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Definition
Be fruitful and multiply: have dominion over the earth.
The LORD God commanded the man, saying, “From any tree of the garden you may eat freely; 17 but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat from it you will surely die.” |
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Term
| 35. What is the role/purpose of marriage in Genesis 2? |
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Definition
| For woman to be a suitable companion for man and to help him in dominion over the other creatures (serve him via the commands God gave him) |
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Term
| 36. What is the temptation? What does it reveal about man? |
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Definition
The temptation was the desire to be/know like God.
(Serpent: God was lying when he said they couldn't be like him.)
It reveals that Man failed to know God true nature; autonomy v. god's will. Sin is man's denial of being temporal.
Inability to use reason to distinguish "finite, temporal, changeable beings" (them) from "eternal beings" (God).
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Term
| 37. What are the 3 main concepts in the Biblical Worldview? ??? |
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Definition
1. Creation
2. Fall
3. Redemption |
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Term
| 38. What are the 5 points under "Creation?" |
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Definition
1. Creation is revelation: necessarily, intentionally, and exclusively
2. This revelation is full and clear
3. Eternal life is knowing God
4. The knowledge of God is through dominion
5. The sabbath rest |
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Term
| 39. What are the 5 points under "Fall?" |
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Definition
1. The covenant of creation: probation, manifestation.
2. Temptation
3. Sin
4. Death
5. Theodicy |
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Term
| 40. What are the 5 points under "Redemption?" |
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Definition
1. 1st call back: inner shame
response: self-deception (cover-up)
2. 2nd call back: questions for self-examination
response: self-justification (avoids)
3. 3rd call back: a promise and a curse: a call to repentance (natural evil); reveals God's goodness to man in hardness of heart.
response: repentance and faith shown in obedience to be fruitful
4. God's first response: is to justify man by covering his guilt through atoning sacrifice
5. God's second response: is to sanctify man by expulsion, to be cleansed by suffering |
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