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Phonological Rules
the rules of phonology
15
Literature
Undergraduate 3
04/19/2016

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Term
rule format 1
Definition
X-Y/_Z

X becomes Y in the environment before Z

ex: /S/-[Sw(at top)]/_[+round]
Term
rule format 2
Definition
X-Y/Z_

X becomes Y in the environment before Z
Term
rule format 3
Definition
A-B/Z_Z

A becomes B in the environment between Z and Z
Term
Intervocalic alveolar flapping in English
Definition
/d,t/-[r]/[+stressed, +vowel]_[+vowel, -stressed]IP

-flapping happens between words
Term
Anticipatory Nasal Assimilation in English
Definition
[faen]: [/ae with ~ on top]/_/n/

~ means nazalized

[+syllabic]-[+nasal]/_[+nasal]
Term
assimilation
Definition
process in which a sound is affected by neighbor sounds
Term
dissimilation
Definition
change sound so we can hear it, to preserve it
Term
metathesis
Definition
switching places

ex;aks in old english became ask in modern english
Term
deletion
Definition
hymnal-hymn-happens historically, speaking fast

ex;know is pronounced no in modern english
knee was kanee in old english now nee
Term
addition
Definition
athlete-athalete- when hard to pronounce something use addition
Term
phonotactic rules
Definition
show how sounds fit linearly together
Term
diachronic rule
Definition
happened in past
Term
Progressive Assimilation
Definition
sound has influence of voicing of following phoneme -goes forward-lag
Term
Regressive Assimilation (anticipatory)
Definition
sound influences preceding phoneme
Term
Coalescent or YOD Assimilation
Definition
Two phonemes merge into one and new phoneme is formed

ex: ny combined in english-/ng/=/n with a y combined into one/

ex:spanish Jn combined=n+j
\
palatal
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