Term
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Definition
-Phylum Chlorophyta
-colonial green algae composed of a loose association of independent cells |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Chlorophyta
-filamentous |
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Term
Brown Algae
(Kelp, Fucus/Rockweed, Diatoms) |
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Definition
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Term
Dinoflagellates
("Red Tides") |
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Definition
-Phylum Dinozoa
-have two flagella
-cell wall composed of cellulose plates |
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Term
Paramecium
(Ciliated Protozoa) |
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Definition
-Phylum Ciliophora
-have cilia
-most abundant protozoan groupp |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Apicomplexa
-cause of Malaria, transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Euglenida
-flagellated unicellular organisms often found in freshwater
-photo-heterotrophic
-some may have chloroplasts, will contain mitochondria |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Kinetoplastea
-single-celled, flagellated protozoans
-kinetopasts (large masses of DNA found in their single mitochondrion)
-cause of African Sleeping Sickness, and Chagas disease |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Rhizopoda
-move by cytoplasmic streaming
-form psuedopods |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Foraminifera
-move by cytoplasmic streaming of their test (shell)
-live in a test made of calcium carbonate
-benthic marine plankton
-form White Cliffs of Dover |
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Term
Plasmodial Slime Molds
(Physarum) |
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Definition
-Phylum Myxomycota
-typically found in damp forest environments
-move along a substrate using a mass of brightly colored plasmodium
-multinucleate (nuclei are not separated by cell walls) |
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Term
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Definition
-cyanobacteria
-linear, thin, symbiotic, green |
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Term
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Definition
-cyanobacteria
-circular, large, free-living or symbiotic, green |
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Term
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Definition
-cyanobacteria
-ovals, small groups, free-living or symbiotic, green |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Ascomycota
-yeast
-lives in mucous membranes
-used for food production |
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Term
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Definition
-Imperfect Fungi
-found in highly oxygen-rich environments
-can grow in nutrient depleted environments |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Ascomycota
-grows on rye or grain plants, causing ergotism |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Zygomycota
-many filamentous fibers
-can cause fatal fungal infections in humans |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Basidiomycota
-the underside/spore-bearing body of a fungus
-above-ground |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Ascomycota
-tan, shell-shaped
-saprophytic (grow on ground, rotten wood, fecal waste) |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Basidiomycota
-small spikes, round, tan-colored
-reproduce sexually using spores |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Ascomycota
-edible brown morels
-symbiotic or saprophytic |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Basidiomycota
-flat, live in horizontally connected rows on dead/living trees
-produce spores |
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Term
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Definition
-Imperfect Fungi
-some species used in making cheese
-consist of hyphae
-reproduce sexually |
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Term
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Definition
-Phylum Basidiomycota
-grow alone or in clusters
-white, cone-shaped
-saprobic |
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Term
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Definition
-Mutualistic Fungi
-orange, rough appearance
-found in agricultural/populated areas |
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Term
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Definition
-Mutualistic Fungi
-red dots on tree bark |
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Term
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Definition
-Mutualistic Fungi
-dark brown
-hair-like/thin |
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Term
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Definition
-live in soil or on decaying plants
-saprobic (grow on non-living organic material)
-can be parasitic
-hyphae lack cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
-diverse group
-yeasts, edible truffels, and morels
-live in soil or on decaying organisms (plant pathogens)
-reproduce sexually and asexually |
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Term
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Definition
-shelf fungi, stinkhorns, puffballs, rusts, smuts
-mostly toxic
-found in soil and on decaying plants
-symbiotic or pathogenic to plants or parasitic to animals
-"fruiting body" called basidiocarp has a stem and a cap
-cap contains gills with cells called basidia that produce spores |
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Term
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Definition
-no known sexual stage
-athletes foot |
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Term
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Definition
-symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic cyanobacteria or algae
-lichens and mycorrhizae |
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Term
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Definition
-sponges
-sac-like structure with three sections (outer layer of cells, specialized cells, skeletal structures)
-choanocytes can line interior
-main cavity is called spongocoel
-at least one opening on the outside called the osculum |
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Term
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Definition
-multicellular layers, no organs (tissue level organization)
-radial symmetry
-gastrovascular cavity has opening that serves as both mouth and anus that is surrounded by tentacles
-tentacles can contain cnidocytes (and contain unique cellular components called nematocysts) that can be barbed or venomous
-mesoglea is between epidermis and gastrodermis
-can exist as sessile polyp or free-swimming medusa (developmental polymorphism) |
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Term
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Definition
-flatworms
-opening that serves as both mouth and anus
-unsegmented body, bilaterally symmetrical
-more advanced nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
-roundworms
-complete digestive tract with both mouth and anus
-contain body cavity called pseudocoelom |
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Term
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Definition
-mantle secretes an external shell
-open circulatory system
-ventral foot used for locomotion
-visceral mass that contains digestive, reproductive, excretory, and sensory systems |
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Term
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Definition
-earthworms, marine worms, leeches
-segments divided by septa that contain parts of circulatory, nervous, digestive, and excretory systems
-contain setae (small, bristle-like appendages that often occur in pairs)
-blood in circulatory system is closed (retained in vessels) |
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Term
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Definition
-an organism with a body cavity that is surrounded and contained
-has many complex organs and compartments |
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Term
| Homologous Characteristics |
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Definition
| -characteristics that can be attributed to a a common ancestor |
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Term
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Definition
| -a primitive characteristic shared between two taxa |
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Term
| Analogous Characteristics |
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Definition
-"homoplasies"
-"homoplastic characters"
-characteristics with similar form/function that come from separate ancestral sources |
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Term
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Definition
| -derived characteristic shared between two taxa |
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Term
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Definition
| -includes a group of organisms descended from a single ancestor |
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Term
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Definition
-apomorphy
-a characteristic that has changed in appearance/function relative to the ancestral form |
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Term
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Definition
-pleisomorphy
-shows little or no change from the same characteristic in an ancestor |
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Term
| Homologous Characteristics |
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Definition
| -characteristics that can be attributed to a common ancestor |
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Term
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Definition
| -different appearance in males and females of the same species |
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Term
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Definition
| -one organism possesses male and female reproductive units at some point in their lifetime |
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