Term
|
Definition
| functional independence measure |
|
|
Term
| make up of the FIM test (how many items) |
|
Definition
| 18 items (13 motor+5 cognitive) |
|
|
Term
| A 7 on the FIM indicates... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does it take to administer a FIM? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does FIM account for stages of motor development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Refers to the type and amount of assistance required for a disabled individual to perform basic life activities effectively. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM levels for independence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM levels of complete dependence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM levels for modified dependence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM level- individual can complete a task, but requires cuing, set up, and/or coaxing. |
|
Definition
| 5 (needs another individual present) |
|
|
Term
| Levels that do not require another individual present... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- requires assist for 50-74% of activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- can complete the activity independent, but requires an assistive device... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- can complete the activity independently, but requires 3x normal amount of time to complete. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- Pt. can complete activity independently after a helper applies orthoses... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- Patient performs 75% or more of the effort and requires no more help than touching |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt. can perform 85% of activity with no more than touching from helper...FIM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- Pt. requires verbal cues, but no touching from helper. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt. expends between 25-49% of the effort... FIM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt. requires assistance from two people...FIM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can reports from medical records, staff, and family members be used to complete the FIM? |
|
Definition
| Yes, but direct observation is the preferred method. |
|
|
Term
| FIM score if the activity did not occur... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Likely FIM score for pt. going up and down stairs for patient with bilateral lower extremity paresis |
|
Definition
| 0, due to safety concerns. |
|
|
Term
| FIM score when Pt. refuses to do the activity... |
|
Definition
| 0 (must be justified in paperwork). |
|
|
Term
| FIM score of "O" may not be used for... |
|
Definition
| for Bladder Management, Bowel Management, or any of the cognitive items |
|
|
Term
| T/F- a pt. can be scored a "O" upon discharge if the activity was never observed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What score do you give a pt. if you did not observe the activity before discharge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When CAN a "0" be given at discharge? |
|
Definition
| only for the 10 function modifiers on questions 35-38 and 33. CANNOT be used for shower transfers though. the overall FIM score for each item cannot be "0" |
|
|
Term
| FIM... during bed to wheelchair transfer, requires one arm assist. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM... during a wheelchair to bed transfer, requires two-arm assist. |
|
Definition
| 3: moderate assist (no higher, but can be lower). |
|
|
Term
| If patient shows different levels of ability transferring onto and off of a surface, record the higher/lower score |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wheelchair transfer FIM- Transfers in a safe and timely manner with no device (eg: sliding board),handling all aspects of wheelchair management (locking brakes, lifting footrests,etc.) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wheelchair transfer FIM: Adaptive or assistive device is used (eg: grab bars, sliding board), or activity takes more than a reasonable amount of time. Use of a prosthesis or orthosis, if used in transfer, is considered an assistive device |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wheelchair transfer FIM: Supervision provided or assistance given with setup (moving footrests, positioning sliding board) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wheelchair transfer FIM: Steadying assistance given in transfers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM: Patient performs 50%--74% of tasks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM: Patient performs 25%--49% of transferring tasks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM: Patient performs less than 25% of transferring tasks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM for toilet transfers: If patient uses only a bedpan and/or urinal, never using a toilet/commode. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Give transfer score and toilet transfer score:
The patient is able to transfer to and from his wheelchair to the bed at modified independent with the slide board. However the patient requires cues for board placement when transferring on and off the toilet with the board. |
|
Definition
transfer score: 6 (no assistant needed)
toilet transfer score: 5 (for verbal cues) |
|
|
Term
| for the function modifier of locomotion, can travel 150ft in a wheelchair...FIM score |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F- Pt. can score a 7 with the use of a wheelchair? |
|
Definition
| False, maximum FIM score of 6 with a wheelchair. |
|
|
Term
| FIM for locomotion: Pt. can walk a minimum of 150ft/50m with no assistance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM- pt. can walk in prosthesis leg for 150ft/50m. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FIM: Patient walks only short distances independently with or without a device |
|
Definition
| 5 (can't walk full 150ft) |
|
|
Term
| Patient requires standby supervision, cueing, or coaxing to go a minimum of 150 feet (50 meters) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient performs 75% or more of walking effort to go a minimum of150 feet/50 meters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Level 3: Moderate Assist – Patient performs 50-74% of walking effort to go a minimum of 150 feet/50 meters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient performs 25-49% of effort and requires the assistance of 1 person to go a minimum of 50 feet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The patient performs less than 25% of effort
or requires the assistance of 2 people
or walks less than 50 feet/17 meters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| going up and down a flight of stairs – 12 to 14 steps, but patient needs handrail, side support, cane, or portable support; activity may take more than a reasonable amount of time; or there are safety considerations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient can safely and independently climb 12-14 stairs with handrail. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The FIM score may range from Level 1 - __ if patient uses, for example, gastrostomy or parenteral feedings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If patient can safely and affectively eat soft and mushy food independent, what FIM score? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the helper checks for pocketing of food, what is the max FIM score? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the patient receives tube feedings and the helper does all of the administration, the score to use is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are dentures considered assistive devices? |
|
Definition
| Only if they are necessary to eat. |
|
|
Term
| In eating, Patient may need help to open containers, pour liquids or butter bread, but is otherwise independent. |
|
Definition
| max score of 5 (for set-up) |
|
|
Term
| Cancer of the bones and/or connective tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cancers in lymphatic system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cancer involving blood cells, bone marrow, and/or blood-forming organs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer originating in the body organs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prevalence of cancer diagnosis in men |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prevalence of cancer diagnosis in women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most prevalent forms of cancer in men |
|
Definition
| prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers. |
|
|
Term
| Most prevalent forms of cancer in women |
|
Definition
| lung, breast, and colorectal cancers. |
|
|
Term
| TNM stands for in grading cancer? |
|
Definition
T=primary tumor (T1-T4)
N=regional lymph nodes (N1-N3)
M= distant metastasis (Mx, M0, M1) |
|
|
Term
| In the stages of cancer, what stage is it if cancer has spread to another organ besides the primary organ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stage if carcinoma is in situ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| undifferentiated cells are considered what grade? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer developing from fat, muscle, nerve, fibrous tissues surrounding joints, blood vessels, and deep skin tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cancer developing from both bone and cartilage |
|
Definition
| primary bone tumor sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of hematological cancers |
|
Definition
lymphomas and leukemias
multiple myelomas |
|
|
Term
| Negative effect of chemotherapy |
|
Definition
| Chemotherapy can cause induced peripheral neuropathy or tremors |
|
|
Term
| An unusual, persistent, subjective sense of tiredness related to cancer or cancer treatment that interferes with functioning. |
|
Definition
| CNF (cancer-related fatigue) |
|
|
Term
| Psychological distress is mostly caused by... (cancer diagnosis or disability) |
|
Definition
| “The risk of psychological distress in individuals with cancer relates much more strongly to their level of disability than it does to the cancer diagnosis itself.” |
|
|
Term
| The Role of OT in Oncology |
|
Definition
| “to facilitate and enable an individual patient to achieve maximum functional performance, both physically and psychologically, in everyday living skills regardless of his or her life expectancy” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for cancer can include: |
|
Definition
Fatigue management and energy conservation
Sensory reeducation and desensitization
Wheelchair seating and positioning
Scar management
Conditioning (range of motion, strengthening, endurance)
Fall prevention and other activities to promote home safety
Cognitive training/strategies
Stress and anxiety management
Pain management
Lymphedema Management
Management of ADL’s |
|
|
Term
Goal of this type of care:
“Loss of independence and role can result in social death prior to biological death. Occupational therapy can help a person to adopt new and appropriate functions and roles and to maintain self-esteem.” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T-P-R-BP-Pn-Sat. stands for? |
|
Definition
Temperature
Pulse per minute
Respiratory rate per minute
Blood Pressure
Pain Level
Saturation of O2 |
|
|
Term
| if a pt. has a temperature of 98 degrees F, what is it in Celcius? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radial (most common)
Gives an overall picture of client’s health
On wrist near thumb
Brachial (upper arm)
Carotid – (neck) Not a preferred site
Femoral (groin)
Popliteal (behind knee)
Pedal (feet) |
|
|
Term
Pulse <60bpm
<50 Low
<40 Very Low – may require intervention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pulse > 100 bpm
>130 High – may require intervention
>140 Very High – intervention frequently needed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you calculate maximum aerobic heart rate? |
|
Definition
| 220 – Age = Maximum Aerobic Heart Rate |
|
|
Term
| Abnormal respiratory rates |
|
Definition
Abnormal <10 / minute
Abnormal > 24/minute |
|
|
Term
| Measurement of pressure of blood in the arteries when ventricle are contracted |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when ventricles are relaxed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Systolic blood pressure (SBP)
<120 mmHg
Diastolic blood pressure
<80 mmHg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Orthostatic hypotension? |
|
Definition
| Drop of 20mmHg or more from the recorded sitting BP |
|
|
Term
| T/F- place stethoscope over 1 layer of clothing to take measurements. |
|
Definition
| DO NOT place over clothing |
|
|
Term
| Avoid taking BP from an arm with: |
|
Definition
Cast
Surgery (breast/axilla)
Lymphadeopathy / Swelling
Intravenous lines (IV) / Intrarterial Lines (IA)
Arteriovenous shunts/fistulas |
|
|
Term
| T/F- take BP on non-dominant arm first. |
|
Definition
| F- take BP on dominant arm first. |
|
|
Term
| Pulse-Ox. Probe Locations |
|
Definition
Finger
Bridge of Nose
Toe
Ear lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
If patient does not display any of the above, and the waveform is regular with clear peaks and troughs then the saturation is accurate +/- 2% for any saturation over 70%.
Even in ideal conditions and a perfect waveform, Below 70%, saturation is only accurate +/- 5%. |
|
|
Term
| What is on its way to being the "7th vital sign"? |
|
Definition
| End-tidal CO2 measurement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| end-tidal CO2 is a measurement of the percentage of carbon dioxide exhaled. |
|
|
Term
| As a patient becomes sedated, what happens to their CO2 levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the BEST predictor of over sedation? |
|
Definition
| end-tidal CO2 measurements (better than pulse ox) |
|
|
Term
| What are the majority of amputations caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary cause for lower extremity amputation? |
|
Definition
| Disease, DM (diabetes) and PVD (peripheral vascular disease). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Perception of presence of amputated limb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for edema in amputee pts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for edema in amputee pts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment for edema in amputee pts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Phantom limb sensation is most common in UE or LE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the case of healing an amputated limb, it is best to elevate and not move the limb? |
|
Definition
| False, make sure to increase strength and ROM by movement. Increases circulation and decreases edema. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
No Prosthesis
Passive/Cosmetic Prosthesis
Body Powered Prosthesis
Myoelectrically Controlled Prosthesis
Hybrid Prosthesis |
|
|
Term
Type of prosthesis: Usually for recreational purposes. Can be created for many activities, including:
Water-skiing
Cycling
Gymnastics
Weightlifting
Music
Disadvantage is that its specificity limits what other activities can be performed outside of its intended use. |
|
Definition
| Activity-specific Prosthesis |
|
|
Term
| Describe the prosthetic training program... |
|
Definition
1. evaluation (compliance, purpose, comfort, appearance)
2. orientate (donning and doffing, wearing schedule, care)
3. control training
4. use training (endurance)
5. functional training (functional tasks)
6. final stage= Instrumental activities of daily living |
|
|
Term
| Types of lower limb amputations |
|
Definition
Transmetatarsal Amputation
Ankle Disarticulation
Transtibial Amputation
Knee Disarticulation
Transfemoral Amputation
Hip Disarticulation
Hemipelvectomy |
|
|
Term
| When the leg is preserved below the knee and inserted at the hip joint (rotated foot backwards) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For LE, what is the PT responsible for vs. the OT? |
|
Definition
Physical therapy is responsible for the following:
Skin care
Limb wrapping
Lower limb strengthening exercises
Range of motion
Ambulation training
Occupational therapy is responsible for the following:
Daily living activities
Upper extremity strengthening exercises
Safety precautions related to specific activities
Principles of energy conservation and body mechanics
Use of adaptive devices
Review of dietary restrictions when appropriate |
|
|
Term
ORDER the following ADLs for LE amputation:
-Energy, effort, and mobility skills in the kitchen
-Wheelchair propulsion and management
-Functional transfers-with and without prosthesis
-Hygiene and grooming
-Dressing including donning and doffing the prosthesis
-Bed mobility |
|
Definition
Activities of daily living are addressed in the following sequence:
Bed mobility
Hygiene and grooming
Dressing including donning and doffing the prosthesis
Wheelchair propulsion and management
Functional transfers-with and without prosthesis
Energy, effort, and mobility skills in the kitchen |
|
|
Term
| What is extremely important to check when beginning to use a prosthesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Systemic, inflammatory disease that affects joints and can affect the major organs of the body.
Common Symptoms:
Symmetric polyarticular pain and swelling during the inflammatory stage
Morning stiffness
Malaise
Fatigue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F- rheumatoid arthritis only affects specific joints. |
|
Definition
| False, RA is systemic, affecting the whole body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Joints most often involved in RA? |
|
Definition
Temporomandibular
Elbows
Wrists
MCP
PIP
Metatarsophalangeal |
|
|
Term
| T/F- RA most commonly affects dominant side. |
|
Definition
| FALSE- RA tends to affect symmetric joints. (ie. both wrist joints at the same time) |
|
|
Term
Characterized by the following:
Gradual loss of articular cartilage
Thickening of the subchondral bone
Bony outgrowths at joint margins
Mild, chronic nonspecific synovial inflammation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Group of disorders in which biomedical, biochemical, and genetic factors play a role.
Characterized by the following:
Gradual loss of articular cartilage
Thickening of the subchondral bone
Bony outgrowths at joint margins
Mild, chronic nonspecific synovial inflammation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the etiology of RA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of OA? |
|
Definition
| biomedical, biochemical, and genetic factors |
|
|
Term
| Characterized by hand/finger ulnar deviation? |
|
Definition
| Most common in RA (some in OA) |
|
|
Term
| Heberden nodes in finger joints is common in ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deviation of the phalanx from the metacarpal head and a lateral shift of the phalanx upon the metacarpal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wrist synovitis causes _____ deviation of the wrist, and then the dynamics of finger flexor tendons change as they cross the MCP, providing an ulnar force. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Anterolateral PIP synovitis stretches the transverse retinacular ligament, allowing the lateral band to migrate dorsally.
Results in PIP joint hyperextension with DIP flexion |
|
Definition
| Swan neck deformity (interphalangeal deformity) |
|
|
Term
PIP joint is hyperextended
DIP in flexion. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In swan neck deformity, what does a 1 vs a 4 signify in grading? |
|
Definition
| Type 1 is more mild, type 4 is more extreme |
|
|
Term
| PIP flexed, DIP hyperextended. |
|
Definition
| Boutonniere interphalangeal deformity |
|
|
Term
PIP flexion with DIP hyperextension
Central slip and lateral bands stretch and migrate volarly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thumb- Characterized by MCP joint hyperextension and adduction and IP joint flexion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thumb- Characterized by MCP joint flexion and IP joint hyperextension |
|
Definition
| Boutonniere Deformity-Most Common |
|
|
Term
| Thumb- Characterized by MCP adduction and lateral instability of the MCP joint resulting from attenuation (tearing) of the ulnar collateral ligament. Lateral instability=difficulty moving the thumb. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F- Rheumatoid arthritis has less endurance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With this condition, it is important to teach about joint protection... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the most stable position for muscles/tendons... |
|
Definition
| one in which muscle, not ligament (bone to bone connection), provides resistance to the motion. |
|
|
Term
For RA and OA:
Performing active ROM to affected joints every ___ to __ minutes may minimize stiffness and facilitate muscle function. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ways to adapt for RA and OA... |
|
Definition
use strongest joints (Towards core)
allow rest breaks
ROM every 15-20min
isometric strengthening
use most stable anatomical positioning
reduce force and use adaptive equipment (built up silverware, knobbers, etc).
splinting
modify the environment |
|
|
Term
| Diagnosis characterized by widespread tissue pain, typically concentrated in the neck and lower back. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factors that can exacerbate fibromyalgia... |
|
Definition
Moderate physical exercise
Inactivity
Poor sleep
Emotional stress
Humid weather/change of weather |
|
|
Term
| What should you ask your pt to do to keep track of fibromyalgia pain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the leading cause of death in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary causes of heart disease... |
|
Definition
| May be due to blockage of the coronary arteries, diseases of the heart muscle, or structural anomalies of the heart |
|
|
Term
The death of heart muscle caused by lack of blood flow of the coronary artery
Transmural
Anterior STEMI
Non-STEMI |
|
Definition
| Myocardial infarction (MI) aka. heart attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do women present with before a heart attack? |
|
Definition
Prodromal Syndrome (up to one month before heart attack), in order of frequency:
Unusual fatigue – 70%
Sleep disturbance – 48%
Shortness of breath – 42%
Indigestion – 39%
Anxiety – 35% |
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of heart attack: |
|
Definition
SOB=shortness of breath
Chest pain/pressure, often radiating
Diaphoresis=excessive sweating
Nausea/Vomiting
Fatigue
Women may experience Prodromal Syndrome
Other acute symptoms may also be different in women |
|
|
Term
inability of heart to function effectively.
Heart muscle stretches beyond its ability to contract efficiently |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of pts with CHF have a history of hypertension? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increase in weight of 2-5lbs or more over several days.
inability to sleep.
persistent dry hacking cough
shortness of breath with normal activity.
swelling in ankles or feet.
fatigue. |
|
Definition
| signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. |
|
|
Term
| Heart pain caused by a temporary inadequate supply of blood to the heart muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diseases of the muscle tissue. Three main types: dilated, hypertrophic & restrictive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Type of cardiomyopathy- the most common, caused by a variety of diseases
Enlarged heart w/ decreased pumping capacity that ~ results in CHF
Of those hospitalized, 10-50% will die within one year
Enlarged left ventricle & decreased heart function = poor prognosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
type of cardiomyopathy:
a condition in which the heart muscle becomes thick. Often, only one part of the heart is thicker than the other parts.
The thickening can make it harder for blood to leave the heart, forcing the heart to work harder to pump blood. It also can make it harder for the heart to relax and fill with blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
type of cardiomyopathy:
changes in and weakening of the heart muscle, which causes the heart to fill poorly, squeeze poorly, or both. The heart is of normal size or only slightly enlarged. However, it cannot relax normally during the time between heartbeats when the blood returns from the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a treatment for angina pectoris- a catheter with a rotating blade cuts out the plaque & suctions it out |
|
|
Term
| most successful type of angioplasty? |
|
Definition
| Drug-eluting (medicated coating) success = 90-95% |
|
|
Term
| Procedure that usually involves sternotomy to allow the surgeon to work on the heart. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the replacement of occluded coronary arteries w/ artery or vein grafts
Grafts from aorta to below the occlusion
Try to use arteries because they stay patent (open) longer
If they must use veins, they usually get them from the legs |
|
Definition
| Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) |
|
|
Term
| two types of open heart surgery: |
|
Definition
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Valve Replacement |
|
|
Term
| restrictions following a coronary artery bypass graft: |
|
Definition
No lifting, pushing, pulling greater than 5 pounds for 6-8 weeks
No driving for 4 weeks (one month)
No shoulder flexion/abduction over 90 degrees
No submersion in water for 2 weeks |
|
|
Term
| things to include in a clinical pathway for cardiac rehab... |
|
Definition
detailed treatment plan for a dx
Usually a grid with each day & the activities to be done
IADLs
Rehabilitation
Nutrition
Interventions and Treatments
Patient Education
Psychosocial/Spiritual Care
Discharge Planning |
|
|
Term
| after a MI, how long does the heart muscle take to heal on ave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A unit of measure used to describe the amount of oxygen the body needs for a given activity. |
|
Definition
| METs- One MET is equal to oxygen consumption a rest. |
|
|
Term
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is what? |
|
Definition
| Combination of emphysema and bronchitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Progressive and irreversible destruction of alveoli walls |
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Term
| Excessive sputum production and cough of least 3 months in duration occurring 2 years in a row |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dyspnea (a feeling of breathlessness) |
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Term
| O2 sats required for medicare to cover at-home oxygen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Breathing techniques for pulmonary problems... |
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Definition
Need to use diaphragmatic & pursed lipped during ADLs
Pulse ox can be used to help train
Exhaling w/ exertion |
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Term
| Strengthening of what area is very important for pulmonary rehab? |
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Definition
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Term
| For pulmonary problems, keep the patient in a warm and humid environment T/F |
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Definition
| FALSE, keep the patient cool and dry |
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Term
T/F
In dressing, be sure to put the catheter bag through before you put on pants. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
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Term
| An injury involving only the epidermal layer of skin |
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Definition
superficial burn (aka. 1st degree burn)
Red Skin
blanching present
Tender- sensation intact and very sensitive
i.e. Sunburn |
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Term
| Heal time for a superficial burn |
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Definition
| Spontaneous re-epithelialization in 14 days or less |
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Term
A burn injury extending through the epidermis down into the dermis
Hair follicles and Nerve Endings are intact |
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Definition
Partial thickness burn aka. 2nd degree burn
Pink in color
Blisters
Weeping of skin
Peeling of skin
Very Painful! |
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Term
| 2nd degree wound closure time |
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Definition
Re-epithelialization from the epithelial bed in 3-6 weeks
keep in mind that partial thickness burn may progress to a full thickness burn! |
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Term
Necrosis of tissue the entire thickness of the skin
Hair follicles and Nerve Endings at burn site are no longer intact |
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Definition
| Full thickness burn (3rd degree) |
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Term
| Characteristics of a full-thickness burn: |
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Definition
Cherry Red or White but may appeared mottled (broken capillaries)
Loss of Sensation
No Pain reported by patient at burn surface
Eschar (Leather or Tacky) |
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Term
| what is Eschar and what are the types? |
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Definition
a slough or coagulum of necrotic tissue produced by a burn
Leather Eschar: hard like rawhide
Tacky Eschar: white or ivory; more pliable |
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Term
| Wound closure for a full thickness burn |
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Definition
Skin grafts required
Spontaneous re-epithelialization impossible due to destruction of epithelial elements |
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Term
Burn degree:
Black in color
Exposed Muscle, Tendons or Bone
Usually associated with Electrical Burns |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Scald
Most common kind of burn
Children and elderly are at a higher risk
Fire/ Heat
Flame
Flash
Flash burns to face usually are associated with upper airway burns (patients may need intubation)
Grease
Most often full thickness burns
Steam |
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Term
| Special characteristics of electrical burns: |
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Definition
Pure: entrance and exits sites
Arc: electricity flows external to the body
Flame: electricity ignites the body
Patients who sustain high voltage electrical burns are at a higher risk for developing compartment syndrome in the first 48 hours after injury.
Compartment Syndrome:is an acute medical problem that may lead to nerve damage and muscle death. |
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Term
| After discharge, burn patients are susceptible to developing what condition? |
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Definition
| Neuropathy: Injury to nerve that can cause numbness, tingling, and pain. |
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Term
| When was scar massage for burn victims first developed? |
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Definition
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Term
| 85% of these hospitalizations for burns are for what body part? |
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Definition
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Term
| Men are how many more times likely to get burned? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most accurate method for estimating burn extent, & must be used in the evaluation of all pediatric patients |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Protects against infection
Prevents loss of bodily fluids
Controls body temperature
Sensory organ
Excretory organ
Produces vitamin D
Influences body image |
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Term
Order the phases of wound healing:
-Wound Contraction
-Wound Contracture
-Maturation Phase
-Epithelialization
-Proliferative Phase
-Inflammatory Phase |
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Definition
Inflammatory Phase
Response to injury with influx of neutrophils and macrophages
Proliferative Phase
New matrix is laid with fibroblasts and in-growth of capillaries
Maturation Phase
Resolution of inflammation in which collagen is laid down to form the scar.
Epithelialization
Re-establishment of the basement membrane and epidermis
Wound Contraction
Open margins are brought together by fibroblasts
Wound Contracture
Shrinkage of the scar through collagen remodeling. This causes functional restriction of motion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bruising formed by hemorrhaging of tiny blood vessels |
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Term
| It is the removal of eschar to expose viable tissue and prepare the wound bed for coverage |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 phases of burn injury Recovery |
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Definition
1. Emergent
2. Acute
3. skin grafting phase
4. rehabilitative phase |
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Term
| important during the skin grafting stage: |
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Definition
Move once staples are removed!
Keep extremity elevated
Splint at all times until staples are removed to decrease shear of graft! |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Primary goal with acute burn therapy |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F- Position of comfort is position of contracture |
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Definition
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Term
| The formation of bone in abnormal locations, secondary to pathology |
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Definition
| heterotropic ossification |
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Term
| What burns should you splint? |
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Definition
| OT’s should splint everything as long as it doesn’t limit function |
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Term
| Used in clinical practice and research to document change in scar appearance |
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Definition
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Term
| How much exercise therapy should be provided to a burn pt? |
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Definition
| For every 1% of burn injury they should receive 5 minutes of therapy. |
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Term
| when should compression garments begin to be worn? |
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Definition
| Should begin within 2 weeks of wound closure |
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Term
| how soon should a burn pt be mobilized? |
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Definition
| as soon as possible with MD safety... usually 2-3 days after admittance |
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Term
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Definition
Foot drop
Decreased heel strike
Knee
Decreased knee extension in stance
Decreased knee flexion in swing
Decreased weight bearing on affected leg resulting in decreased step length
Hip
Lack of hip extension in toe off (pre swing)
Forward flexed posture
Trunk
Rigid, guarded posture
Forward shoulders and head
Lack of pelvic rotation
You may also see an increased reliance on assistive devices |
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