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founder of principle of uniformitarism
- the geological processes operating now are the same processes that have been operating throughout most of the Earth's history |
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summit of Mount Everest is composed of
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| Limestone laid down in a shallow tropical sea; either in Ordovician times (510-410 million years ago) or in Upper Carboniferous times (280-320 million years ago) |
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| seed fern in temperate climates |
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| any rock formed by chemical precipitation or by cementation of mineral grains transported to a site of deposition by water, wind, or ice |
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igneous rocks
(latin for fire) |
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| any rock formed by the cooling and consolidation of molten rock (magma) |
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| any rock whose original mineralogical composition or texture has been transformed to a new mineralogical composition or new texture in the solid state as a result of high temperatures or pressures |
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| a naturally occurring inorganic crystalline solid that has a definite chemical composition, atoms arranged in an orderly three dimensional structure |
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| a naturally formed consolidated material composed of grains of one or more minerals |
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| a naturally formed consolidated material composed of grains of one or more specific minerals combined in roughly constant proportions |
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| mainly composed of calcite |
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| mainly composed of the minerals :olivine, pyroxene, and calcium rich plagioclase feldspar |
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