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Definition
| may be transverse or longitudinal; individual particles oscillate back and forth with a displacement that follows a sinusoidal pattern |
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Definition
| have oscillations of wave particles perpendicular to teh direction of wave propagation |
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Definition
| have oscillations of wave particles parallel to the direction of wave propagation |
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Term
Define the following terms:
wavelength
frequency
propagation speed
period
angular frequency
amplitude
displacement |
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Definition
- λ - the distance between two crests or two troughs (in m or other length unit)
- f - the number of cycles it makes per second (in Hz)
- multiply the wavelength by the frequency; in electromagnetic waves it will always be equal to the speed of light
- T - the number of secodns it takes to complete a cycle; inverse of frequency f = 1/T
- ω - another way of expressing frequency and is expressed in radians per second
- A - the magnitude of its maximal displacement
- x - refers to how far a point is from the equilibrium position
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Term
| constructive interference |
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Definition
| occurs with two waves that are exactly in phase with each other; if they are not exactly in phase it is considered partial constructive interference |
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Definition
| occurs when waves are perfectly out of phase; if not perfectly out of phase it is called partial destructive interference |
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Definition
| have continuously shifting points of maximum and minimum displacement |
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Definition
| produced by the constructive and destructive interference of two waves of the same frequency traveling in opposite directions in the same space |
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Definition
| point of no oscillation vs point of maximum oscillation |
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Term
| What range of frequencies can a healthy young adult generally hear? |
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Definition
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Definition
| the increase in amplitude that occurs when a periodic force is applied at the natural (resonant) frequency of an object |
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Term
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Definition
| a decrease in amplitude caused by an applied or nonconservative force |
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Term
| equation for the speed of sound |
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Definition
v = √(B/ρ)
v is the speed of sound in m/s
B is the bulk modulus in Pascals (kg·m-1·s-2)
ρ is the density of the medium in kg/L (kg·m-3) |
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Term
| What is the speed of sound in air at 20C? |
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Definition
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Term
| Doppler effect and equation |
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Definition
a shift in perceived frequency of a sound compared to the actual frequency of the emitted sound when the source of the sound and its detector are moving relative to one another
[image]
The upper sign should be used if the observer or the source are moving toward the other. The lower sign should be used if moving away from the other. |
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Term
| How to determine loudness or volume of sound? |
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Definition
it is related to intensity
I = P/A
I is intensity in W/m2
P is power in W or J/s
A is area in m2 |
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Term
| What is the equation for determing surface area of a sphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| What equation relates the length of a standing wave to the length of a string or open pipe supporting it? |
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Definition
λ = 2L/n
λ is wavelenth in m
L is the length of the open pipe or string in m
n is the harmonic which can be a positive nonzero integer |
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Term
| What equation relates the wavelength of a standing wave and the length of a close pipe that supports it? |
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Definition
λ = 4L/n
λ is wavelenth in m
L is the length of the closed pipe in m
n is the harmonic which can be odd integers |
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