Term
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Definition
molecules secreted by endocrine glands that are inactive until changed by their target cells
Ex: T4, Vitamin D3 |
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Term
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Definition
| when two or more hormones work together to produce a particular result; may be additive (epi and norepi) or complementary (FSH and testosterone) |
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Term
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Definition
| when a hormone enhances the responsiveness of a target organ to a second hormone or when it increases the activity of the second hormone |
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Term
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Definition
actions of one hormone counteract the actions of another
Ex: insulin and glucagon |
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Term
| priming effects/upregulation |
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Definition
more receptors are formed in response to particular hormones
Ex: GnRH |
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Term
| desensitization/downregulation |
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Definition
| high concentrations of a hormone cause a decrease in the number of receptor proteins in their target cells |
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Term
Growth hormone
(GH or somatotropin) |
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Definition
Promotes protein synthesis and growth; lipolysis and increase blood glucose.
Inhibited by somatostatinl stimulatied by growth hormone-releasing hormone. |
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Term
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
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Definition
Stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids.
Stimulated by CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone); inhibited by glucocorticoids. |
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Term
| Thryoid-stimulating hormone (TSH) |
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Definition
Stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones.
Stimulated by TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone); inhibited by thyroid hormones. |
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Term
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
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Definition
Promotes gamete production and stimulates estrogen production in females.
Stimulated by GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone); inhibited by sex steroids and inhibin. |
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Term
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Definition
Promotes milk production in lactating females; additional actions in other organs.
Inhibited by PIH (prolactin-inhibiting hormone). |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulates sex hormone secretion; ovulation and corpus luteum formation in females; stimulates testosterone production in males.
Stimulated by GnRH; inhibited by sex steroids. |
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Term
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Definition
| post-translational product of a gene; precursor of prohormone |
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Term
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Definition
| cut and spliced together to make a hormone |
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