Term
| cortical components of limbic system |
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Definition
| subcallosal, anterior cingulate, post cingulate, parahippocampal-entorhinal, orbitofrontal, and insular cortices |
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Term
| extracortical componenets of the limbic system |
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Definition
| olf bulb, piriform olf cort, hypothal, amyg, hippocampus, VA thal, septal nn., n. accumbens (ventral striatum) |
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Term
| amygdala lesion produces inabillity to recognize which facial expression? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| olf epithelium, glomeruli, mitral cells that make up olf tract |
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Term
| what is the cortical target of smells? |
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Definition
| piriform, medial amygdala, entorhinal cortex |
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Term
| what hypothalamic n. does the amygdala communicate with and how? |
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Definition
| VM via the stria terminalis |
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Term
| what part of the limbic system directly affects autonomics? |
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Definition
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Term
| what part of the hippo give rise to the fornix? |
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Definition
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Term
| where does the fornix terminate? |
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Definition
| mamms, VA, subcallosal cortex |
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Term
| what is the lesion producing Kluver-Bucy? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| visual agnosia, oral tendencies, loss of fear/anger, hypersex |
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Term
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Definition
| subiculum, CA, dentate gyrus |
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Term
| hormone regulated by the hippo? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what aspect of memory is knocked out by b/l hippo lesions? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| hippo-mamm-ant n.-cingulate-enterorhinal (H.MACE, FMACP) |
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Term
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Definition
| NMDAR activate inc number of AMPA GluR increasing postsyn response to Glu |
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Term
| what causes Wernicke's encephalopathy? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sx of Wernkikes encephalopathy? |
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Definition
| confusion, visual problems, stupor, coma, hypotherm, hypotens, ataxia |
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Term
| chief feature of Korsikoff's syn? |
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Definition
| inability to form new memory or retrieve old mem |
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Term
| why can older animals not terminated stress related cortisol secretion rapidly? |
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Definition
| degen of hippocampal neurons |
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Term
| what substances participate in nocioceptive transduction? |
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Definition
| SP, AA metabolites, CGRP, neurokinin A |
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Term
| what nerve afferents are assoc with pain? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| myelination of A-d fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| what nerves carry visceral nocioception? |
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Definition
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Term
| where doe nocioceptive fibers terminate in the SC and BS? |
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Definition
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Term
| what lamina are the origin fo the STT? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what NTs are released in pain afferents in the short term? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what NTs are released in pain afferents in the short term? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pathways of the lateral pain system |
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Definition
| lSTT --> VPL, trigeminothalamic --> VPM |
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|
Term
| characteristics of the lateral pain system |
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Definition
| small fields, fast CNS conductance, high somatotopy |
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Term
| fxn of lateral pain system |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pathways of the medial pain system |
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Definition
| lateral system, SRtT, FG/C, DLF |
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|
Term
| projections of the medial pain system |
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Definition
| intralaminar thalamus --> ant. cing. cortex |
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|
Term
| characteristics of med pain system |
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Definition
| large fields, slow conductance (multi-syn), no somatotopy, opiodR in the Ant. Cing. Cortex |
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Term
|
Definition
| activation of med/large myelinated afferents, which activate dorsal horn interneurons |
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Term
| two ways to activate the PAG |
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Definition
| input (ACC, ascendings), disinhibition (i.e. opiates) |
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|
Term
| NT of descending PAG mediated inputs to dorsal horn? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| action of descending PAG mediated inputs to dorsal horn |
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Definition
| inhibition of neurons, stim of interneurons to release ENK |
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Term
|
Definition
| pain from nonnoxious stim |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic burning (neural trauma) |
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|
Term
| d reflex sympathetic dystrophy |
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Definition
| pain mediated by abnmly active symp fibers |
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|
Term
| what is Hansen's disease? |
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Definition
| leprosy, loss of skin innervation |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wide dynamic range, low threshold characteristic of... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what do wide dynamic range neurons sense? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what do low threshold neurons sense? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what projections does lamina I send to the STT? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what sort of pain travels in A-d? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what sort of pain travesl in C fibers? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| simple explanation for referred pain |
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Definition
| somatovisceral convergence in the dorsal horn |
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|
Term
| lamina I projects to what part of the STT? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| lamina V projects to what part of the STT? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| inc ICP, vascular distention, inflammation, muscle contraction |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| prodrome, sometimes w/ visual changes; throbbing, pounding, unilateral pain; photosonophobia, dizzy, N+V |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| periorbital pain, ipsi red watery eye, transient Horner's, nasal d/c |
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|
Term
| 2 theorys of migraine pathophys |
|
Definition
| 1. vascular reactivity 2. Trigeminovasc theory |
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Term
|
Definition
| ergot alkaloids (DHE), (suma)triptan |
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|
Term
| migraine prevention drugs |
|
Definition
| b-blockers, Ca chann blockers, methysergide, TCA, valpro |
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Term
|
Definition
| steady, bandlike pressure, little autonomic stuff |
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Term
|
Definition
| TCA, anti-inf, stress avoidance |
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|
Term
| what is pseudotumor cerebri |
|
Definition
| inc ICP (impaired CSF resorption?) |
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|
Term
| rx for pseudotumor cerebri |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what populations are at highest risk for temp arteritis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are associated findings with temp arteritis? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| no prior, sudden/prog worsening of chronic, wake up, seizure/loc, mem/person/neuro |
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Term
|
Definition
| rapid, less motion artifact, fresh hemmorhage, good skull bone pic |
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Term
|
Definition
| poor imaging of post fossa, rads, intrathecal contrast |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| hi-res, greater path than CT, no bony artifact, multiple planes w/o repositioning pt |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| slower, more sensitive to motion artifact, METAL!!! |
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Term
|
Definition
| BBC - blood, bone, calcium |
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|
Term
| what are the two types of partial seizures? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of gen seizure? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a simple partial seizure? |
|
Definition
| rythmic invo, tonic-clonic of body part w/o loc |
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|
Term
| what is a complex partial seizure? |
|
Definition
| impaired conc, "staring into space", automatisms |
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|
Term
| most frequent seizure focus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a gen, non-con seizure? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a gen, con seizure |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| mechs to prevent seizure? |
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Definition
| collaterals to inhibitories, uptake of K by astros, spread of dendritic tree |
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|
Term
| a malfunction of which part of the brain causes complex partial seizures? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what sort of channel is implicated in benign familial neonatal convulsions? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autoimmunie disease of V-gate K channels |
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Term
|
Definition
| involuntary contractions following voluntary contractions |
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|
Term
| channels implicated in myotonia? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| human dom myotonia congenita, recessive myotonia congenita |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| hum dom myontonia congenita AKA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| human paramyotonia congenita, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sx of malignant hypertherm |
|
Definition
| rigidity, hypermet, fever |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| episodic ataxia 1, MG, Hyperplexia |
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Definition
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