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| An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seed, within one year, and then dies |
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| is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms |
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| any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. |
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| he division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material. |
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| the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |
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| a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose. |
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| (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
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| a leaf of a plant consisting of several or many distinct parts (leaflets) joined to a single stem. |
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| the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus. |
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| the part of a seed that develops into a plant, consisting (in the mature embryo of a higher plant) of a plumule, a radicle, and one or two cotyledons. |
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| the part of a seed that acts as a food store for the developing plant embryo, usually containing starch with protein and other nutrients. |
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| the outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular. |
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| is the opposite of a taproot system. It is usually formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. A fibrous root system is universal in monocotyledonous plants and ferns. |
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| A fibrous root system is the opposite of a taproot system. It is usually formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. A fibrous root system is universal in monocotyledonous plants and ferns. |
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| the seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels) that are typically surrounded by a brightly colored corolla (petals) and a green calyx (sepals). |
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| of a seed or spore) begin to grow and put out shoots after a period of dormancy. |
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| The peony and the tree are both plants, but the peony is a herbaceous plant. A herbaceous plant is an annual, biennial or perennial plant with leaves and a stem. Herbaceous plants die back every year when the weather gets cold. |
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| A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively. |
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| any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids. |
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| a region of plant tissue, found chiefly at the growing tips of roots and shoots and in the cambium, consisting of actively dividing cells forming new tissue. |
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| the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |
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| a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life. |
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| any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell. |
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| Palisade cells are plant cells found within the mesophyll in leaves, right below the upper epidermis and cuticle. They are vertically elongated, a different shape from spongy mesophyll cells beneath them in the leaf. Their chloroplasts absorb a major portion of the light energy used by the leaf. |
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| each of the segments of the corolla of a flower, which are modified leaves and are typically colored. |
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| the vascular tissue in plants that conducts sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves. |
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| the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
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| the female organs of a flower, comprising the stigma, style, and ovary. |
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| soft or spongy tissue in plants or animals, in particular. |
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| the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects |
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| Over the past few decades, there has been an explosion of understanding of the molecular nature of major allergens contained within pollens from the most important allergenic plant species. Most major allergens belong to only a few protein families. Protein characteristics, cross-reactivity, structures, and IgE binding epitopes have been determined for several allergens. |
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| a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances. |
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| any underground part of a plant, as a rhizome. |
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| are tubular extensions of the epidermis that greatly increase the surface area of the root. They are constantly dying off and being replaced by new ones as the root grows and extends itself into the soil. |
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| A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering known as the seed coat. It is a characteristic of spermatophytes and the product of the ripened ovule which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant. |
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| t is a characteristic of spermatophytes (gymnosperm and angiosperm plants) and the product of the ripened ovule which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant. The formation of the seed completes the process of reproduction in seed plants (started with the development of flowers and pollination), with the embryo developed from the zygote and the seed coat from the integuments of the ovule |
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| each of the parts of the calyx of a flower, enclosing the petals and typically green and leaflike. |
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| a leaf whose blade is not divided to the midrib even though lobed — compare compound leaf. |
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| the male fertilizing organ of a flower, typically consisting of a pollen-containing anther and a filament. |
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| a long and thin supportive or main section of something |
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| In a plant with a taproot system, the taproot is the largest, most central, and most dominant root from which other roots sprout laterally. Typically a taproot is somewhat straight and very thick, is tapering in shape, and grows directly downward. |
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| the state of turgidity and resulting rigidity of cells (or tissues), typically due to the absorption of fluid. |
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a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
a small cavity or space in tissue, especially in nervous tissue as the result of disease. |
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| any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart. |
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| the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem. |
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