Term
| Which of the following describes the central ray centering point for the L5-S1 lateral projection? |
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Definition
| 2 inches posterior to the ASIS and 1 1/2 inches below the iliac crests |
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Term
| The condition in which an intervertebral disk "slips" and protrudes into the vertebral canal is called: |
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Definition
| herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) |
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Term
| Where is the 14X17 inch (35X43 cm) central ray directed for a lateral lumbosacral spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the sacrum? |
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Definition
| 2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis |
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Term
| To demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine, the patient angle is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The respiration phase for the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the IR centered for an AP projection of the lumbosacral spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is the essential projection used to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine? |
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Definition
| AP oblique, RPO and LPO positions |
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Term
| When the spine cannot be placed in a true horizontal position for the L5-S1 lateral projection, the central ray must be angled: |
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Definition
| 5 degrees men, 8 degrees women - caudad |
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Term
| An abnormally increased concavity of the lumbar spine is termed: |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the central ray directed for an AP lumbosacral spine? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following will prevent the AEC detector from prematurely terminating the exposure during a lateral lumbar spine?
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Definition
| placing a sheet of rubber on the table behind the patient |
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Term
Which projection of the lumbar spine displays the vertebrae in the form of a "Scottie dog”?
1.) lateral
2.) AP oblique
3.) PA oblique |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following should be performed to reduce the lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine for the AP projection?
1.) flex the hips
2.) flex the knees
3.) flex the elbows |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following planes is placed perpendicular to the tabletop and centered to the midline of the grid for a lateral lumbar spine?
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the 14X17 inch (35X43 cm) IR centered for a lateral lumbar spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| When only the lumbar vertebrae (not lumbosacral) are imaged in the AP projection, the central ray is directed: |
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Definition
| 1.5 inches above iliac crests |
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Term
| |
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| |
How many vertebrae are there in the sacrum?
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the central ray directed for a lateral thoracic spine? |
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Definition
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Term
How is the thorax centered for a lateral thoracic spine?
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Definition
| center the posterior half to the center of the grid |
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Term
| How much is the body rotated for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? |
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Definition
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Term
The SID for a lateral cervical spine must be a minimum of how many inches?
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Definition
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Term
Where is the CR directed for an "open mouth" AP projection of the atlas and axis?
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Definition
| perpendicular through the open mouth |
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Term
| When the shoulder is immobile and cannot be depressed sufficiently for the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmer's technique), the central ray is angled: |
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Definition
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Term
| The second cervical vertebral is called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the dens within the foramen magnum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following lines must be perpendicular to the IR for the AP "open mouth" atlas and axis? |
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Definition
| A line drawn from the lower edge of the upper incisors to the tip of the mastoid process |
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Term
| Where is the IR centered for a hyperflexion or hyperextension lateral projection of the cervical spine? |
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Definition
| Fourth cervical vertebrae |
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Term
| Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cervical spine |
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Definition
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Term
| The zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the CR angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the IR centered for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmer's technique)? |
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Definition
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Term
Patients may arrive in the emergency department with trauma to the neck. Which projection of the cervical spine is performed first, and then reviewed by a physician, before proceeding with other projections?
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Definition
| dorsal decubitus (cross-table) lateral |
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Term
| What is the CR angle for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina? |
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Definition
| 15 to 20 degrees cephalad |
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Term
Which of the following should be performed to place the back in contact with the table for an AP thoracic spine?
1) flex the hips
2) flex the knees
3) flex the cervical spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Which intervertebral foramina and pedicles are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine? |
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Definition
| those farthest from the IR |
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Term
The first cervical vertebra is called the
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Definition
|
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Term
| Where should the arms be placed for a lateral projection of the thoracic spine? |
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Definition
| at right angles to the long axis of the body |
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Term
| For the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmer's technique) the recommended position of the humeral head farthest from the IR is: |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following breathing techniques can be used for a lateral projection of the thoracic vertebra?
1) full inspiration
2) suspended respiration
3) quiet breathing
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the CR directed for a lateral cervical spine? |
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Definition
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Term
How are small weights applied to the arms for the lateral projection of the cervical spine?
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following are functions of the vertebral column?
1) supports the trunk
2) protects the spinal cord
3) supports the skull superiorly
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Definition
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Term
What is the CR angle for an AP thoracic spine?
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the cervicothoracic region in the lateral projection?
1) Ottonello method
2) swimmer's technique
3) Ferguson Method
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Definition
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Term
Which vertebra contains both an anterior and a posterior arch?
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Definition
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