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Poultry Breeding Chapter 9
Poultry Breeding Chapter 9
33
Agriculture
Undergraduate 3
02/24/2018

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Term
genetic mapping
Definition
the determination of relative positions of genes along the chromosome
Term
linked genes
Definition
Genes that are located on the same chromosome and do not undergo independent assortment but are instead transmitted together

they have less than 50% recombination frequency
Term
coupling or cis heterozygote
Definition
AB/ab
Term
AB/ab
Definition
coupling or cis heterozygote
Term
repulsive or trans heterozygote
Definition
Ab/aB
Term
Ab/aB
Definition
repulsive or trans heterozygote
Term
recombination
Definition
crossing over; this happens during meiosis
Term
Recombination fraction (r)
Definition
the fraction of chromosomes that are recombinants, in an experiment to measure recombination rate
Term
parental gametes
Definition
same genotype as parent
Term
recombinant gametes
Definition
have genotype that results from recombination
Term
maximum frequency of recombinants for genes on the same chromosome
Definition
50%
Term
maximum frequency of recombinants for genes on separate chromosomes
Definition
50%
Term
some characteristics of linked genes
Definition
-located on same chromosome
-transmitted together
-less than 50% recombination frequency
Term
when 2 genes on the same chromosome have recombination frequency < 50%,...
Definition
they are linked
Term
when 2 genes on the same chromosome have recombination frequency ≥ 50%,...
Definition
the assort independently
Term
chi-square test that says genes assort independently
Definition
accept null hypothesis
Term
chi-square test that says genes do not assort independently
Definition
reject null hypothesis
Term
degrees of freedom when you're doing a chi-square for 1 locus
Definition
df = 1
Term
Linkage between two genes is a measure of...
Definition
the probability that the two genes are being
transmitted together to the offspring
Term
genetic map
Definition
illustrates the linear order of genes along the chromosome with distances between adjacent genes proportional to the recombination frequency between them
Term
The unit of distance on a genetic map
Definition
map unit (mu)
Term
map unit (mu)
Definition
The unit of distance on a genetic map
Term
One map unit represents...
Definition
1% recombination or crossing over event
Term
how to calculate recombination frequency
Definition
Recombination frequency = (total number of recombinants)/(total number of individuals)
Term
map unit is also called...
Definition
centimorgan (cM)
Term
centimorgan (cM)
Definition
map unit
Term
how double recombinants are counted to estimate distance between A and C
Definition
To estimate the distance between A and C, double recombinants are counted twice
Term
how to calculate expected number of double crossover
Definition
expected double crossing over = P(co A-B) x P(co B-C)

then you multiply by population size to get the expected number
Term
when the observed number of double crossover is lower than the expected, this indicates...
Definition
chromosome interference
Term
chromosome interference
Definition
crossing over in one region reducing the probability of crossing over in the adjacent region
Term
coefficient of coincidence
Definition
the ratio of the observed number of double crossovers to the expected number of double crossovers
Term
how to calculate coefficient of coincidence
Definition
coefficient of coincidence = (observed double crossovers)/(expected double crossovers)

express it as a percent
Term
how to calculate interference
Definition
Interference = 1 – Coefficient of coincidence

express it as a percent
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