Term
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Definition
• Functions in the audible range
• 2500 - 7,000 cps (cycles per second) or Hz
• Attaches to a conventional handpiece
• Driven by compresses air
• orbital or elliptical tip movement
• All surfaces active
• Water to cool friction and lavage |
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Term
| Ultrasonic - Piezoelectric |
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Definition
• Functions above audible range
• 29, 000 to 50, 000 cps or Hz
• Ceramic transducer w/in the handpiece
• Linear tip movement
• Lateral surfaces more active
• Less heat produced |
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Term
| Ultrasonic - Magnetostrictive |
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Definition
• Functions above audible range
• 20, 000 to 42, 0000 cps or Hz
• Ferromagnetic transducer-stack of flat metal strips connected to a tip
• Elliptical tip movement
• All surfaces active
• Vibrations shatter deposits |
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Term
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Definition
• regulates volume
• Cools stack and tip
• Lubricates for easy insertion
• Flushes debris |
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Term
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Definition
• Regulates stroke length
• Regulates distance the tip travels |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ power delivers a longer, more powerful stroke (aplitude), while ___ power delivers a shorter, less powerful stroke |
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Term
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Definition
| Use highest or lowest effective power setting for increased patient comfort and longer instrument life |
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Term
| low to medium (half) power setting |
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Definition
| on what setting is the thin tip insert design used on? |
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Term
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Definition
What frequency?
25, 000 cps, longer stack length |
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Term
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Definition
| 30, 000 cps, shorter stack length, shorter stroke length |
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Term
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Definition
• Number of tip cycles per second
• Fine tune tip vibration |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the portion of tip capable of doing work. Affected by frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the active tip area if the frequency is 25-30 kHz range? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the active tip area if the frequency is 40-50 kHz range? |
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Term
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Definition
| The higher the frequency, the smaller or bigger active tip area requiring more strokes to cover same area |
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Term
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Definition
| metal portion that does the work (about 4mm of active tip is used) |
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Term
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Definition
| removable, prevents leakage and allows for that tip to sit snuggly into the handle |
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Term
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Definition
| __to __ debris removal; power up a little higher; nice overspray with maybe a drop of water |
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Term
| light debris removal and deplaquing |
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Definition
| ___ debris removal and ____; power down low; more water drip and very little halo or overspray |
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Term
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Definition
| most powerful (don’t put direct tip directly in contact with tooth; a lot of power and may damage to tooth) |
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Term
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Definition
| inner aspect; second most powerful; use for distal surface |
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Term
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Definition
| Where is the power surface on a piezoelectric? |
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Term
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Definition
| curved tip, average to heavy calculus |
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Term
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Definition
• - long fairly straight design
• - 1 curve shank with tapered tip
• -supragingival or subgingival
• - moderate to heavy subgingival calculus |
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Term
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Definition
• - removal of moderate to heavy calculus and stain
• - 2 bend, straight shank with tapered tip
• - supra or sub |
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Term
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Definition
• - gross removal of moderate to heavy tenacious calculus
• - 3 curve shank with tapered tip
• - access to line angles and interproximal surfaces
• - supragingival use |
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Term
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Definition
• - gross removal of moderate to heavy calculus and stain (large bridges and ledges of calculus) and removal of orthodontic cement
• - 1 curve shank with tapered blunt tip
• - supragingival use |
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Term
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Definition
• - plaque and biofilm light, moderate deposits
• - 40% thinner than standard
• LIGHT deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| Which tip do you use for mandibular right buccal and mandibular left lingual and maxillary right lingual and maxillary left buccal? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which tip do you use for mandibular left buccal and mandibular right lingual and maxillary left lingual and maxillary right buccal? |
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Term
• Reduced clinician fatigue
• less repetitive stress
• Increased access
• less tissue distention
• potential for antimicrobial delivery
• lavage washes toxic products
• shorter instrumentation time |
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Definition
| What are the advantages of using a powerscaler? |
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Term
• some handpieces cannot be sterilized
• portability
• evacuation needed
• Aerosol production
• less tactile sensitivity
• noise/vibration
• expense
• heat production |
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Definition
| What are the disadvantages of using a powerscaler? |
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Term
• unshielded cardiac pacemakers (only for magnetostrictive)
• patients w/ HBV, HCV, TB, Respiratory dz
• medically compromised patients susceptible to infection
• patients at respiratory risk
• patients w/ dysphagia or prone to gagging
• age |
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Definition
| What are the medical contraindications to using a powerscaler |
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Term
• titanium implants
• restorative materials: porcelain, composites, veneer
• areas of demineralization
• hypersensitive teeth |
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Definition
| What are the dental considerations when using a powerscaler |
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Term
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Definition
| collapsing bubbles in fluid destroy bacteria by tearing the cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
| swirling effect disrupts the plaque biofilm |
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Term
• increases tactile sensitivity
• reduces clinician fatigue
• increases patient comfort |
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Definition
| What are the advantages of using a light grasp |
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Term
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Definition
| What causes the calculus to shatter? |
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Term
• encourages smooth, continous motion
• promotes light lateral pressure
• enables biocentric hand positioning |
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Definition
| What are the advantages of using a firm fulcrum? |
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Term
| parallel / zero / lateral |
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Definition
Tip adaptation should be:
• ___ to tooth surface
• tip angulation near ___ degrees
• little or no ___ pressure |
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Term
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Definition
• 1mm loss can result in __% efficiency
• 2mm loss can result in __% efficiency |
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