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| A division of poetry named for the number of lines it contains. |
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A fourteen-line poem, usually written in iambic pentameter, with a varied rhyme scheme.
The two main types of sonnet are the Petrarchan (Italian) and the Shakespearean (English).
A Petrarchan sonnet opens with an octave that states a proposition and ends with a sestet that states the solution.
A Shakespearean sonnet includes three quatrains and a couplet. |
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| A humorous verse form of five anapestic lines with a rhyme scheme of aabba. |
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A long narrative poem detailing a hero's deeds.
Examples: The Aeneid by Virgil, The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer, Beowulf by Miguel Cervantes, War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy, Faust by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow |
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A poem that is a mournful lament for the dead.
Examples: William Shakespeare's "Elegy" from Cymbeline, Robert Louis Stevenson's "Requiem" and Alfred Lord Tennyson's "In Memoriam." |
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| A short poem about personal feelings and emotions. |
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| A short poem, often written by an anonymous author, comprised of short verses intended to be sung or recited. |
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| A type of Japanese poem that is written in 17 syllables with three lines of five, seven and five syllables, respectively. Haiku expresses a single thought. |
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| The main section of a long poem. |
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