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| random and sometimes disjointed thoughts of the narrator; usually written without punctuation |
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| reflects the thoughts of a character; a kind of conversation the character seems to be having with himself |
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| novel written in the form of letters |
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| novel about the adventures of the main character; often involves a journey |
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| told in the first person by the protagonist |
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| deals with the supernatural |
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| utilizes factual settings and details |
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| idealistic; makes no attempt at realism |
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| uses symbols; has both a literal and figurative level |
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| a reference to another work (i.e., the Bible, mythology, other works of literature) |
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| having more than one possible interpretation in a work |
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| a work having both a literal and symbolic meaning |
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| a work that is intended to teach a moral lesson; a fable |
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| something that stands for or represents something else |
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| the positive or negative feelings associated with a word, not its literal definition |
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| the strict dictionary definition of a word |
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| the author's attitude toward his subject |
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| the opposite of what is expected |
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| when part of something is used to represent the whole |
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| the name for something closely related to it which takes on a larger meaning |
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| a form of paradox in which contradictory words are used next to each other |
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| something that appears to be contradictory, but actually makes sense |
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| a play on words for humorous effect |
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| making fun of weaknesses in the hopes of bringing about change; often uses irony; not to be confused with 'sarcasm', which makes fun of weaknesses with the intention of hurting or doing harm |
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