Term
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Definition
compete for H bonds which are involved in maintaining higher levels of protein structure |
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Term
Acid and Base denaturants |
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Definition
ACID- protonate carboxylate functions which removes their charge; destroy salt bridges BASE- deprotonate ammonium which removes charge; destroys salt bridges |
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Term
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Definition
competes for H bonds which are responsible for maintaining higher levels of protein structure |
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Term
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Definition
increases thermal motions which disrupt noncovalent interactions |
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Term
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Definition
bond to free thiol function (-S-H) and cause protein to precipitate |
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Term
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Definition
most are made from b-vitamins loosely or tightly bound to enzyme tightly bound coenzymes are considered to be prosthetic groups |
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Term
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Definition
coenzyme required by most but not all dehydrogenases remove hydrogen from substrate binds a hydride ion to become NADH |
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Term
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Definition
a single polypeptide chain |
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Term
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Definition
nonprotein molecule that a protein require for activity |
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Term
prosthetic group of myglobin |
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Definition
heme, an iron 2+ ion ( Fe 2+ coordinated to a poryphorin ring) |
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Term
why doesn't myoglobin have quaternary structure? |
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Definition
it is a monomeric protein so it doesnt have interactions between chains |
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Term
hemoglbin/myoglobin similar/different |
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Definition
both are oxygen carriers both use heme as a prosthetic group myoglobin is monomeric hemoglobin is tetrameric |
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Term
why does hemoglobin have quaternary structure while myglobin does not |
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Definition
because hemoglobin is tetrameric so multiple chains can interact while myoglbin is monomeric so it doesnt have multiple chains |
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Term
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Definition
an optical isomer that is non-suoerimposable on its mirror in=mage |
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Term
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Definition
an optically inactive mixture that consists of equal amounts of a pair of enantiomers |
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Term
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Definition
structures that belong to the same family of optical isomers but are related as enantiomers |
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Term
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Definition
an optical isomer that rotates the plane of light to the right |
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Term
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Definition
an optical isomer that rotates the plane of light to the left |
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Term
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Definition
a substance able to rotate the plane of light |
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Term
how do A.A. residues which are typically far apart in promary structure get close to each other to form the active site? |
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Definition
the protein must fold properly |
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Term
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Definition
class of enzymes that catalyzes the removing of hydrogen from substrates in catabolic pathways like glycolysis and Krebs Cycle |
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Term
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Definition
most dehydrogenases must use this and are NAD+ dependent |
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Term
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Definition
some dehydrogenases use this as the electron/proton carrier and are therefore FAD dependent |
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Term
carbs digest ----> glucose, sugars/glycolysis ----> pyruvate ----> acetyl CoA/citric acid cycle----->reduced coenzymes/ETC ---> ATP |
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Definition
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Term
places where products of A.A. can join central metabolism pathway |
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Definition
acetyl CoA, pyruvate, citric acid cycle intermediates |
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