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| When we can not sympathize with what others may be feeling. We are not taking into account other people's experiences |
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| When we over-estimate the amount of people that will react the same way we have reacted in a given situation |
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| Our mind adapts to certain things in order to make life easier in many cases. Running away from ALL snakes is an example |
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| When we look at ourselves as a social object. We are likely to treat ourselves like an other. |
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| We realize how far we are from our ideals which makes us feel sad |
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OSA is too simplistic.
-Ideal Self
-Ought Self
-Real Self
Discrepancies between real and other selves cause different emotions |
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| Idea about the rules and norms that we should all be following. What would our mother say? |
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| Reflected vs. Direct Appraisal |
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| Direct appraisal is what we think of ourselves. Reflected appraisal is what we think others think of us |
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| When we look inside to try and see something deep and hidden about ourselves.Not really how it works. We don't know what we don't know |
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| We think something will happen, so we act accordingly, which in turn makes the initial thing actually happen |
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| We believe that we walk around with a spotlight, where everyone is watching our every move, but it's not true |
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| When we think of a sample of people, we usually think of people who are very similar to us, and does not represent population |
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| Parts of our actions and thoughts that are not automatic. We usually can only do one of these at a time |
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#1 Immediate Experience: 'stream of consciousness', reality, not aware
#2 Reflective Consciousness: Reflection about what we think |
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| These are things that we have thought about so often that they remain near the top of our consciousness. The way we think |
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| Saying something that will give us a cue to make us act or say something we originally didn't think about |
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| When our mind is occupied with a controlled process, which in turn leaves only the automatic behavior behind |
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| This is were we don't believe in the constructive model of the world, but rather in the camcorder perception of reality |
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| The soul is physical and made of atoms |
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| Idea that the mind and body can be separated from each other and still live on |
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| Self and soul are emergent qualities of the physical body. A quality that comes from the way the thing is composed |
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| One cannot doubt own existence, because we are the ones doubting, therefore we must exist |
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| Tabula Rasa. Blank slate that enters the body through experience. Social environment creates self |
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| Memories are the defining characteristics of ourselves. Not accurate |
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| We have the current and the future self, and the self only exists as long as we are immediately attached to it. We feel removed from our past self |
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| All we can see about the self is the experiences that it produces, but we can never see our actual selves. Can only see our perceptions.We can't find our self |
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True self exists but we can't see it-Noumena
The effects of the self can be seen-phenomena
We know the self through its effects
Symptoms vs. Disease |
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| No free being becomes conscious of itself without at the same time becoming conscious of other similar beings. |
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The self is divided into the will and the idea. The will are our motives and desires and the idea is our introspective thinking, that stops us from acting out our desires.
The will degrades us and the idea saves us |
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| Dionysian(dark,lose sense of self, no boundaries) and Apollonian(light, categories, and structure) self. Favors Dionysian forces because these are acting for oneself and not for society's pressures |
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| The self is only present when we are thinking about it. we reflect on ourselves because others are looking at us, and we want to be accepted by others |
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Divides self into the Me and the I.The I acts as the author of the me. Our self is regulated by our social environment, making it possible to have many selves.
Me- Notion and brief sketch of who we are
I-Active experiencer and doer |
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| 1,000 years ago the self did not exist as can be seen in paintings and absence of mirrors |
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1.Situations are Powerful
2.We often don't know why people do what they do
3.We often don't know what we don't know
4.It is amazing that we are as accurate as we are about why people do what they do and about what kind of people they are
5.People have two fundamental social motivations |
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| Reasonable Person Standard |
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| The guideline we use to judge other people. We often think that anyone who does something worse than what we would do is crazy, mean, stupid, or biased |
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| The way each of us as an individual sees and judges the world around us |
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1.Priming
2.Subliminal Exposure
3.Cognitive Load
4.Speeded Tests |
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| When there are cameras around us we tend to see ourselves as an other and judge us differently |
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| We believe that our minds acts as camcorders which record the reality that is going on in the world. We are unaware of situations and subjective construal involved in making reality |
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| Idea that self-control is an exhaustible resource that can be used up. A muscle can get tired and not work as well |
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