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| The branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems |
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| The branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders |
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| Edward Titchener (1892+): based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related |
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| The careful, systematic self-observation of one's own conscious experience |
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| William James (1872): based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purspose of consciousness, rather than its structure |
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| Heritable characteristics that provide a survival or reproductive advantage |
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| Freud: attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior |
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| Freud: contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but exert great infuence on behavior |
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| John B. Watson (1913): a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior |
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| Carl Rogers, Abaraham Maslow (1950s) A theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for growth |
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| refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge |
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| The tendency to view one's own group as superior to others and as the standard for judging the worth of foreign ways |
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| Examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for members of a species over the course of many generations |
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| Uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative,and fulfilling aspects of human existence. |
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| The science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems |
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| A branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders |
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| The premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation |
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| A system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations |
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| Refers to the widely shared customs, beliefs, values, normas, institutions, and other products of a community that are transmitted socially across generations. |
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| The use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome |
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| Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review |
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| The ability to use the characteristics and format of a cognitive test to maximize one's score |
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| Refers to an overt (observable) response or activity by an organism |
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