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PT 100 Health and Disease
defintions
96
Other
Undergraduate 2
02/23/2008

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Term

abdominal cavity

Definition
the space inside the belly or abdomen; viscera include the stomcah, pancreas, spleen, liver and most of the intestines 
Term
abdominal region
Definition
the belly region or abdomen, which contains several more specific regions including the epigastric, hypogastric, hypochondriac, iliac, lumbar and umbilical regions
Term
abdominopelvic cavity
Definition
the body area encompassing both the abdominal and pelvic cavities
Term
anterior (ant)
Definition
pertaining to the front
Term
brachial region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the arm
Term
cardiovascular system
Definition
the body system that circulates blood throughout the body via the heart and blood vessels
Term
caudal
Definition
pertaining to the tail
Term
cephalic region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the head
Term
cervical region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the neck
Term
hypochondriac region
Definition
part of the abdominal region specific to the area just below the cartilages of the ribs
Term
cranial
Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
the space inside the cranium; viscera include the brain
Term
distal
Definition
pertaining away from a point of reference
Term
dorsal
Definition
pertaining to the back
Term
dorsal cavity
Definition
contains the cranial and spinal cavities
Term
femoral region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the thigh
Term
epigastric region
Definition
part of the abdominal region specific to the area above the belly
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
part of the abdomen region specific to the area below the belly
Term
gluteal region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the buttock
Term
iliac region
Definition
part of the abdominal region specific to either the right or left of the hypogastric region
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the process of maintaining internal stability
Term
inferior (inf)
Definition
pertaining to below a reference point
Term
inguinal region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the groin
Term
lumbar region
Definition
part of the abdominal region specific to the area right or left of the umbilical region
Term
medial (med)
Definition
toward the middle
Term
mediolateral
Definition
pertaining to the middle and to the side
Term
pelvic cavity
Definition
the space inside of the pelvic area
Term
physiologist
Definition
one who studies the nature of living things
Term
physiology
Definition
the study of the nature of living things
Term
posterior (pos)
Definition
pertaining to the back
Term
posterolateral
Definition
pertaining to the back and to the side
Term
posteroanterior (PA)
Definition
pertaining to the back and to the front
Term
proximal
Definition
pertaining near to a point of reference
Term
spinal cavity
Definition
the space inside of the spinal column
Term
superior (sup)
Definition
pertaining to above a reference point
Term
superolateral
Definition
pertaining to above and to the side
Term
thoracic cavity
Definition
the space inside the chest or thorax
Term
thoracic region
Definition
the region of the body pertaining to the chest
Term
anatomical postion
Definition
the body position that is used as a reference  for directional terms
Term
anatomy
Definition
the science of body structure
Term
umbilical region
Definition
the area of the abdomen that contains the navel
Term
ventral
Definition
adjective meaning pertaining to the belly
Term
ventral cavity
Definition
contains the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
Term
appendage
Definition
the head, arms, and legs attached to the trunk of the body
Term
atom
Definition

a nonliving particle thatis capable of combining with other atoms to form a more complex structures

Term
cell
Definition
the most basic unit of living
Term
diaphragm
Definition
a sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal caivities
Term
digestive system
Definition
the body system that converts food into a form the body can use for energy, growth, and repair
Term
endocrine system
Definition
the body system that regulates body function by secreting hormones
Term
female reproductive sysytem
Definition
the female body system that enables reproduction by producing germ cells
Term
frontal or coronal plane
Definition
a vertical plane that passes through tthe body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
Term
integumentary system
Definition
the bidy system that provides a barrier to protect against fluid loss, physical damage, and invasion of microorganisms
Term
lymphatic system
Definition
organs include the spleen, lymphatic vessels
Term
male reproductive system
Definition
the male body system that enables the reproduction  by producing germ cells
Term
midsagittal plane
Definition
a sagittal plane that divides the body equally
Term
molecule
Definition
a nonliving particle that is capable of combining with other molecules to form more complex structures
Term
muscular system
Definition
the body system that enables complex movement
Term
nervous system
Definition
the body system that enables perception through the senses, integrates information to form thoughts and memories and controls body movements and many internal functions
Term
organ
Definition
a structure made of two or more different types of tissues that perform a general body function in the body
Term
organ system
Definition
a combination of organs and associated structures that share a common goal (11 organ systems)
Term
organism
Definition
the whole, complete human body that is capable of survival
Term
parasagittal plane
Definition
a sagittal plane that divides the body unequally
Term
respiratory system
Definition
the body system responsible for bringing oxygen into the bloodstream
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
a vertical plane that passes through the body form front to back, dividing the body into right and left portions
Term
skeletal system
Definition
the body system that provides structure and support for other systems and aids in movement
Term
tissue
Definition
a group of similar cells that share a common goal or function
Term
transverse plane
Definition
a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior sections
Term
trunk
Definition
the torso of the body
Term
urinary system
Definition
the body system that performs waste secretion
Term
viscera
Definition
the internal contents of body cavities, including organs, fluid, and connecting structures
Term
fever
Definition
a symptom in which body temperature rises above the normal 98.6 F
Term
pain
Definition
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences that is associated with tissue damage
Term
sensation
Definition
a feeling or mental experience perceiving any stilmulus
Term
sign
Definition
an abnormality that is discoverable by an objective examination
Term
symptom
Definition
an appearance or sensation expeienced by a patient that deviates from the normal, healthy state
Term
acute
Definition
adjective describing a disease of short duration and often with a sharp, or severe, effect
Term
chronic
Definition
adjective describing a disease of long duration usually with a slow progression
Term
disease
Definition
a state of the body in which a homeostasis has faltered due to any cause
Term
iatrogenic
Definition
adjective meaning a disease that is induced by medical treatment
Term
idiopathic
Definition
adjewctive meaning a disease of unknown cause
Term
infection
Definition
the multiplication of parasitic organisms within the body
Term
inflammation
Definition
a response to a trauma that is marked by the symptoms of redness, swelling, heat and pain
Term
sequelae
Definition
conditions following and resulting from a disease
Term
trauma
Definition
a wound or injury
Term
computed axial tomography (CAT scan)
Definition
a diagnostic scan similar to an x-ray in which dtata from beams of energized particles are interpreted to produce a 3D cross-sectional "slice" or image of the body
Term

diagnosis

Definition
the determination of the nature of a disease
Term
endoscopy
Definition
a diagnostic procedure involving a visual examination using an endoscope, which includesa a tiny camera, fiber optics and a long flexible tube
Term
etiology
Definition
study of the causes of the disease
Term
examination
Definition
an evaluation made for the purpose of diagnosis by identifying physical evidence of disease
Term
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Definition
a diagnostic scan that uses a powerful magnetic field enerated within a chamberin which a patient lies; the field traces the element hydrogen in the patients body
Term
pathologist
Definition
one who studies disease
Term
pathology
Definition

the study of diseases

Term
positron emission tomography scan (PET scan)
Definition
a diagnostic scan that employs computers and radioactive substances to examine the metabolic activity of various parts of the body and create color-coded images
Term
prognosis
Definition
a forecast od the probable cause or outcome of a disease
Term
ultrasound (sonography)
Definition
a diagnostic procedure in which harmless sound waves are pulsated throuh body tissues; the pulse echoes are converted into images of internal body structures by computer
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