Term
Calculating the PIO2 Typically |
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Definition
(Atmospheric-47)*(O2%) 150 |
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Term
Calculating O2 concentration in the Body |
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Definition
1.36(Hb content)(Saturation)+0.003(PA02) |
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Term
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Definition
0.863(CO2 Minute Ventilation)/(Alveolar Minute Ventilation) |
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Term
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Definition
V/Q Mismatch, Hypoventilation |
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Term
Mechanisms of V/Q mismatch causing CO2 rentention |
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Definition
Low ventilation areas produce more CO2 than can be cleared by the high ventilation areas. Low perfusion areas carry less CO2 than can be cleared, where high perfusion areas carry more CO2 that can not be cleared. |
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Term
Causes of Hypoxemia Which have a higher A-a Gradient |
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Definition
High Altitude, Hypoventilation High A-a: V/Q Mismatch, R->L Shunt, Diffusion Limitation |
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Term
Causes of Hypoventilation |
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Definition
Impaired Drive, NMJ/Neurological Lesion, Respiratory Muscle Lesion |
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Term
Mecahnisms of V/Q Mismatch causing Hypoxemia |
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Definition
High V/Q areas provide small amounts of well oxygenated blood, Low V/Q areas provide large amounts of poorly oxygenated blood. High V/Q regions cannot overcome the deficit bc O2 Saturation is limited |
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Term
Diagnostic testing for a Diffusion Limitation |
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Definition
Diffusion capacity of CO in one breath. CO has high affinity for hemoglobin |
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Term
Working Up a Hypoxemic Patient |
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Definition
Blood Gas -> A-a Gradient If normal -> Neuromuscular workup Abnormal -> O2 Response, Spirometry, CXR, Shunt |
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Term
Muscles of Inspiration and Expiration |
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Definition
Inspiration: Diaphragm, External Intercostals, Scalenes, Sternocleidomastiod, Strap, Expiration: Abs and Internal Intercostals |
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Term
What Volumes of the lung cannot be calculated by spirometry |
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Definition
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Term
Positive test in the Bronchodialator Response |
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Definition
12% increase in FEV-1 w 200cc overall 12% increase in FRC w 200cc overall 30% increase in FEF 25-75 |
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Term
Methods of Diagnosing Asthma |
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Definition
Methacholine Challenge: <20% decrease at 16mg/ml is non-disagnostic Cold-Air: >20% in FEV-1 Exercise Challenge: 20% in FEV-1 5-20 min post-exercise |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
What does a <70% FEV-1 Indicate |
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Definition
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Term
What does a TLC <80% indicate |
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Definition
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Term
How do obstrucuive and Restrictive lung diseases differ in Compliance and Elastic Recoil |
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Definition
Restrictive: Low Compliance, High Elastic
Obstructive: High Compliance, Low Elastic |
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Term
At what lung volumes is the lung most compliant |
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Definition
Mid Range- Resting breathing levels |
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Term
Diagnosis of hypoventilation |
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Definition
Hypercapnia with Normal A-a gradient |
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Term
What factors determine your alveolar Co2 pressure |
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Definition
Amount producced by the body
The respiration rate |
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