Term
| Where are PEs most like originate |
|
Definition
| Proximal Veins of Lower Limb |
|
|
Term
| What is the Pathophysiology of a PE |
|
Definition
Ventilation: High V/Q Mismatch, Alveolar deadspace
Hemodynamic: 30-60% obstructed Flow-> Pulm HPTN, RV Failure, Shock |
|
|
Term
| Pulmonary Embolism Syndromic Presentations |
|
Definition
Pulm Infarct: Dyspnea, Pleuritic Pain, Hemoptysis, Friction Rub
Acute Cor Pulmonale: Dyspnea, Cyanosis, RV Faliure, Hypotension
Unexplained Dypsnea |
|
|
Term
| Incations of PE on Chest X-Ray |
|
Definition
| Westermark's Sign, Hampton's Hump, Effusion, Consolidation, Elevated Diaphragm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tachycardia, ST changes
S1,S2,S3
S1,Q3,T3 |
|
|
Term
| Sensitivity and Specificity of D-Dimer test for PE |
|
Definition
| Highly Sesitive, but not specific |
|
|
Term
| What is a reverse mismatch in V/Q Scan and what does it indicate? |
|
Definition
| Area of high perfusion and low ventilation, indicating Parenchymal lung disease |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Pulmonary Embolism |
|
Definition
Heparin followed by Warfarin
If doesn't work/Severe Hypoxia-> Thrombolytics
Last resort: Thromboectomy
Caval Interuptions |
|
|
Term
| When is Caval Interuption treatment for PE indicated |
|
Definition
Ineffective Anticoagulation
Anticoagulation Contraindicated
Major PE with Cadiovascular Dysfunction
Extreme High Risk for DVT |
|
|
Term
| The definition of Idiopathic Primary Pulmonary Hypertension |
|
Definition
| Increased Pressure w/o Valvular, Myocardial Congenital, Respiratory, CT or Thromboembolytic Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
CXR/Pulm Function: Rule out Lung
Serological: Rule out CT
Echo: Rule out Valve/ Congenital
V/Q Scan: Rule out Lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vasodialators: Nitrates, Prostaglandin, Endothelin Antagonists
Anticoagulation
Oxygen
Lung Transplant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tricuspid Regurg, Pulmonary Regurg, Graham Steele murmur, Edema, JVD |
|
|
Term
| Life Expectancy Post IPPHPTN Diagnosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intimal/Medial/Advential Hyperplasia Vasoconstriction Thombogenesis |
|
|
Term
| When can a PE Result in RV Failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What signs in PE, CXR, and ECG suggest a PE as the cause of a patient in shock |
|
Definition
PE: JVD
ECG: Acute RV Strain
CXR: Wedge Infarct |
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