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Quiz 2
ARH 200 04 - Quiz 2 Flash Cards - Ancient Greek Art, Ancient Roman Art and Early Christian Art
39
Art History
Undergraduate 1
02/20/2014

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Cards

Term
corbel
Definition
A projecting wall member used as a support for some element in the superstructure.
Term
vault
Definition

A masonry roof or ceiling constructed on the arch principle, or a concrete roof of the same shape.

 

A corbeled vault is a vault formed by the piling of stone blocks in horizontal courses, cantilevered inward until the blocks meet at a keystone.

Term
cella
Definition
The chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a classical temple, the room in which the cult statue (statue of a deity) usually stood.
Term
column
Definition
A vertical, weight-carrying architectural member, circular in cross-section and consisting of a base (sometimes omitted), a shaft, and a capital.
Term
entablature
Definition
The part of a building above the columns and below the roof. The entablature has three parts: architrave, frieze, and pediment.
Term
pediment
Definition
In classical architecture, the triangular space at the end of a building, formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade; also, an ornamental feature having this shape.
Term
kouros (pl. kouroi)
Definition
Greek, "young man." An Archaic Greek statue of a young man.
Term
lost-wax casting process
Definition
A bronze-casting method in which a figure is modeled in wax and covered with clay; the whole is fired, melting away the wax and hardening the clay, which then becomes a mold for molten metal.
Term
[image]
Definition
[image]
Term
[image]
Definition
[image]
Term
[image]
Definition
[image]
Term
[image]
Definition
Kouros, ca. 600 BCE, marble [NY, Metropolitan Museum of Art]
Term
[image]
Definition
Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), ca. 450 BCE, marble
Term
[image]
Definition
Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens (Greece), ca. 440 BCE
Term
[image]
Definition
Phidias, East Pediment of the Parthenon with Three Goddesses, and Dionysos and Chariot of Sun God (Helios), ca. 440 BCE, marble
Term
[image]
Definition
Old Market Woman, ca. 150 BCE, marble
Term
basilica
Definition
In Roman architecture, a public building for legal and other civic proceedings, retangular in plan with an entrance usually on a long side. In Christian architecture, a church somewhat resembling the Roman basilica, usually entered from one end and with an apse on the other.
Term
apse
Definition
A recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, commonly found at the east end of a church.
Term
clerestory windows
Definition
In Roman basilicas and medieval churches, windows that form the nave's uppermost level below the timber ceiling or the vaults.
Term
nave and side aisles
Definition

Nave: The central area of an ancient Roman basilica or of a church, demarcated from aisles by piers or columns.

 

Side Aisles: The portions of a basilica flanking the nave and seperated from it by a row of columns or compound piers of alternating form.

Term
barrel vault
Definition
A deep arch or an uninterrupted series of arches, one behind the other, over an oblong space.
Term
groin vault
Definition
The point at which two barrel vaults intersect at right angles.
Term
dome
Definition
A hemispherical vault; theoretically, an arch rotated on its vertical axis.
Term
concrete
Definition
A very high quality building material invented by the Romans and consisting of various proportions of lime mortar, volcanic sand, water, and small stones.
Term
[image]
Definition
Statue of Augustus, ca. 20 BCE, marble [actually an early first century CE marble copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE]
Term
[image]
Definition
Colosseum, Rome (Italy), ca. 80 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
Pantheon, Rome (Italy), ca. 120 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
Basilica of Constantine, Rome (Italy), ca. 310 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
Ixion Room, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, ca. 70 CE, fresco
Term
catacombs
Definition
Subterranean burial chambers used by early Christians.
Term
transept
Definition
The part of the church with an axis that crosses the nave at a right angle.
Term
mosaic
Definition
Patterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces (tesserae) of stone or glass in cement on surfaces such as walls and floors; also, the technique of making such works.
Term
[image]
Definition
Good Shepherd and Story of Jonah, Catacombs, Rome (Italy), ca. 300 CE, fresco
Term
[image]
Definition
Old Saint Peter's, Rome (Italy), begun ca. 320 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
San Vitale, Ravenna (Italy), ca. 540 CE
Term
[image]
Definition
Emperor Justinian, Bishop, and Attendants, San Vitale, Ravenna (Italy), ca. 540 CE, mosaic
Term
contrapposto
Definition
The standing human figure in a natural, relaxed pose, in which one part is turned in opposition to another part (usually hips and legs one way, shoulders and chest another), creating a counterpositioning of the body about its central axis.
Term
fresco
Definition

Painting on lime plaster, either dry (dry fresco, or fresco secco) or wet (true, or buon, fresco). In the latter method, the pigments are mixed with water and become chemically bound to the freshly laid wet lime plaster.

 

Also, a mural painting executed in either method.

Term
perspective, linear perspective, and atmospheric perspective
Definition

Perspective: A method used to present an illusion of the three-dimensional world on a two dimensional surface.

 

Atmospheric Perspective: Suggestion of depth through dimunition of color tone and intensity; increased haziness, and often blueness in the distance (that is, the imitation of atmospheric effects).

 

Linear Perspective: The use of parallel lines converging on a vanishing point on the horizon and the reduction of size of elements according to the geometric scheme. 

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