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Definition
| reversible cell adaptation in which there is decreased etabolism and increased catabolism |
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Definition
| reversible cell adaptation in which the cell becomes a completely different cell type without any genetic change, instead reprogramming stem cells |
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Definition
| reversible cell adaptation in which there is a drastic increase in cell numbers and cells replicate more |
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Definition
| a reversible cell change in which metabolism and catabolism are increased |
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Definition
| irreversible cell adaptation requiring genetic change (cancer) |
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Definition
-cell death in which the cell explodes
-acute cell swelling=>membrane degredation=>spills into ECF=> inflammatory response |
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Term
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Definition
-programmed cell death
-cell condenses=> cell fragments=> phagocytized without inflammatory response |
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Term
| Definition: Differential susceptibilitiy |
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Definition
| different cells will be killed at different rates due to their ability to adapt (ex: neurons don't adapt well) |
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Term
| Definition: Oxygen free radical |
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Definition
-O2 with one unpaired e- thus these molecules will go attach to other e- on other compounds
-ex: superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidases |
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Term
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Definition
-agents the body utilizes to fight oxygen free radicals
-ex: superoxide dismutase (breaks down superoxide anions), flutatione peroxidase (breaks down hydrogen peroxide), intracellular catalase, Vit E and Vit C |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Definition: coagulation necrosis |
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Definition
-necrosis in which the affected cells or tissue are converted into dry, dull, fairly homogenous tissue as a result of coagulation of protein
-ex: kidney infarct |
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Term
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Definition
| -the remnants of the necrotic process in which structures and cell are still histologically recognizable but still dead |
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Term
| Definition: Zonal pattern |
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Definition
| -all lobules are affected due to toxic necrosis |
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Term
| Definition: Liquefactive Necrosis (liquefaction) |
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Definition
| -necrosis characterized by a fairly-well circumscribed visible lesion that contains purulent exudate |
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Term
| Definition: Purulent exudate |
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Definition
| -the remnants of tissue that became necrotic and was digested by proteolytic enzymes released from disentigrating neutrophils |
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Term
| Definition: Caseous necrosis (caseation) |
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Definition
| -cheese-like necrosis due to macrophage infiltration that incompletely digests the dead tissue (as opposed to neutrophils that more completely digests tissue to pus) the affected tissue appears dry, with crumbly consistency and dull, opaque appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| -death of tissue, usually in considerable mass, generally associated with loss of vascular/nutritive supply and followed by anaerobic bacterial invasion and putrefaction |
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Term
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Definition
| -a state of decomposition accompanied by an offensive odor |
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Term
| Definition: Gangrenous pneumonia |
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Definition
| -usually associated with aspiration of stomach contents and accompanying anaerobic bacterial infection |
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Term
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Definition
-a condition in which the neutral fats in the cells of adipose tissue are split into FAs and glycerol, followed by mineralization (sapolification) and the deposition of chalky white deposits
(common during/after pancreatitis in dogs) |
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Term
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Definition
-are of cutaneous or mucosal necrosis with sloughing of the external necrotic tissues and exposure of underlying viable tissue
-often seen overlying tumors/chronic inflammation |
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Term
| Definition: Immune-mediated disease |
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Definition
| -group of skin diseases due to antibodies against skin antigens (given name Pemphigus) |
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Term
| Definition: Atherosclerosis |
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Definition
-vascular wall thickening due to accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipid in vessel wall
-seen mainly in dogs with hypothyroid, diabetic, or hereditary hyperlipidemia/hypercholesterolemia |
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Term
| Definition: Hepatic lipidosis |
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Definition
-the accumulation of fat in the liver
-can be due to: inc FA uptake, dec ATP, dec protein synth |
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Term
| Definition: Lysosomal storage disease |
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Definition
| -autosomal recessive genetic disease in which an enzyme defect or absence so that appropriate breakdown and metabolism of a complex structure doesn't take place and an intermediate product accumulates within lysosomes |
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Term
| Definition: Neural lysosomal storage disease |
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Definition
| -accumulation of specific sphingolipisa called gangliosides that leads to neurological disorders due to CNS migration |
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