Term
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Definition
| Spontaneous emision of particles and/or electromagnetic waves. |
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Term
| Define natural radioactivity |
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Definition
| Radioactivity occurring from naturally occurring nuclides. |
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Term
| Define parent nuclide and daughter product. |
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Definition
| Parent: nucleus which decays. Daughter: nucleus formed following the decay event. |
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Term
| List eight (8) general mechanisms of radioactive decay. |
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Definition
| 1. Alpha decay; 2. Beta decay; 3. Positron decay; 4. Electron Capture; 5. Photon decay; 6. Internal conversion; 7. Neutron emission; 8. Proton decay |
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Term
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Definition
| "Nuclide decays by emitting an alpha particle, composed of two protons and two neutrons." |
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Term
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Definition
| Nucleus converts a neutron into a proton and electron (beta minus particle). Electron is emitted. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proton is converted to a neutron and a positively charged electron (positron). Positron is emitted. |
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Term
| Describe Electron Capture |
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Definition
| "Inner most orbital electron is captured by nucleus, converting a proton to a neutron." |
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Term
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Definition
| "Photon (Isomeric Transition (IT)): Photon released when atom goes from excited state to ground state. X-ray: when electron moves to fill inner orbital vacancy (left from electron capture), X-ray with energy equal to difference in orbital energies is released." |
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Term
| Describe Internal conversion |
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Definition
| An electron absorbs exitation energy from the nucleus and is ejected. |
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Term
| Describe neutron emission |
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Definition
| Radioactive nuclide decays by ejecting a neutron. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radioactive nuclide decays by ejecting a proton. |
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Term
| Write the equation for Alpha decay |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for Beta decay |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for positron decay |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for Electron capture |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for Photon decay |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for Internal conversion |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for neutron emission |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the equation for proton decay |
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Definition
| Equation not given in lesson plan |
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Term
| Identify radioactive decay of isotopes having too many or too few neutrons. |
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Definition
| "If an isotope is unstable due to an excess number of protons (or too few neutrons), it can: 1. Emit a positron; or 2. Capture an electron. (More to follow)" |
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Term
| Determine the daughter product for a given nuclide through a given decay mechanism using the Chart of Nuclides. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The number of atom disintegrations occurring per unit time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rate at which radioactive disintegrations occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Average rate of disintegration for a particular isotope, or probability that any of a number (N) of atoms of an isotope will decay in a certain period of time.Decay constant is equal to ln(2) divided by the half-life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Time required for the number of atoms present in a sample of isotope to decay to one-half its value. |
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Term
| Define Curie and Rutherford. |
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Definition
| Curire: amount of any radioisotope that has 3.7 x 10^10 atoms disintegrating per second. Rutherford: quantity of radioactive material in which the activity is 1x10^6 disintegration per second. |
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Term
| "Write the formula, which expresses the amount of radioactive material remaining after a period of time and name or define each term." |
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Definition
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Term
| "Write the formula, which defines activity in terms of the amount of radioactive material at one instant and the decay constant." |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Number of curies per unit mass or volume |
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Term
| Define decay chain and compound decay |
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Definition
| The path a radioactive isotope may take during decay. |
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Term
| Neumonic for 8 mechanisms of decay |
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Definition
PEP IN the PAB
Photon decay
Electron decay
Proton decay
Internal conversion
Neutron emission
the
Positron decay
Alpha decay
Beta decay |
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