Term
What radiographic baseline should be parallel to the image receptor for a submentovertical (SMV) projection of the paranasal sinuses?
A. Orbitomeatal line
B. Infraorbitomeatal line
C. Acanthomeatal line
D. Glabellomeatal line |
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Definition
| B. Infraorbitomeatal line |
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Term
On the parietocanthial (Water's) projection of the sinuses, the petrous ridges should:
A. Be projected just below the maxillary sinuses
B. Be projected in the lower third of the orbits
C. Completely fill the orbits
D. Not be demonstrated |
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Definition
| A. Be projected just below the maxillary sinuses |
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Term
Which projection of the paranasal sinuses best demonstrates the maxillary sinuses?
A. PA (Caldwell) projection
B. Parietoacathial (Water's) projection
C. Lateral projection
D. SMV projection |
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Definition
| B. Parietoacathial (Water's) projection |
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Term
Which of the following erect projections will demonstrate a fluid level in the sphenoid sinuses?
1. Parietoacanthial (Water's method)
2. Parietoacanthial (Open-mouth water's)
3. Submentocertical (SMV)
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 |
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Definition
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Term
The SMV projection of the sinuses best demonstrates the:
A. Frontal and sphenoidal sinuses
B. Ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses
C. Macillary and frontal sinuses
D. Sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses |
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Definition
| D. Sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses |
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Term
Image evaluation of a parietoacanthial projection (Water's method) obtained for demonstration of the paranasal sinus revealed the petrous ridges projecting into the lower half of the maxillary sinuses. Which of the following would result in proper demonstration of the anatomy?
A. 10 degrees more extension of the neck
B. 10 degrees less extension of the neck
C. tilt the vertex of the head 5 degrees to the left
D. tilt the vertex of the head 5 degrees to the right |
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Definition
| A. 10 degrees more extension of the neck |
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Term
Which anatomical structure does not belong with this group?
A. Maxillae
B. Nasal bones
C. Petrous pyramids
D. mandible |
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Definition
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Term
Which pair of paranasal sinuses are most posterior?
A. Ethmoid
B. Frontal
C. Maxillary
D. Sphenoid |
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Definition
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Term
Which bone forms the lower posterior part of the nasal septum?
A. Lacrimal
B. Maxilla
C. Palatine
D. Vomer |
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Definition
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Term
When viewing a SMV projection of the cranium for demonstration of certain paranasal sinuses, the ethmoidal sinuses are visualized?
A. Anterior to the sphenoidal sinuses
B. To the right of the sphenoidal sinuses
C. Posterior to the sphenoidal sinuses
D. To the left of the sphenoidal sinuses |
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Definition
| A. Anterior to the sphenoidal sinuses |
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Term
Which of the following projections in best used to evaluate the nasal septum?
A. Lateral projection of the nasal bones
B. Parietocanthal projection
C. AP axial of the skull
D. AP oblique projection |
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Definition
| B. Parietocanthal projection |
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Term
Why is it preferred to perform a sinus series erect?
A. Erect position will demonstrate air/fluid levels
B. Erect position will result in radiographs that have better contrast
C. This position is more comfortable for the patient
D. There is no difference between erect and supine sinuses |
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Definition
| A. Erect position will demonstrate air/fluid levels |
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Term
What position will demonstrate all four groups of sinuses?
A. Posteroanterior axial projection
B. Parietoacanthal projection
C. SMV projection
D. Lateral projection |
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Definition
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Term
Which bones comprise the bridge of the nose?
A. Nasal
B. Palatine
C. Lacrimal
D. Maxillae |
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Definition
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Term
Where are the lacrimal bones located?
A. Inside the nasal cavity
B. On the medial wall of each orbit
C. On the lateral wall of each orbit
D. Inferior to the maxillary sinus |
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Definition
| B. On the medial wall of each orbit |
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Term
Where is the vomer bone found?
A. Posterior to the nasal bone
B. On the lateral wall of the orbits
C. On the floor of the nasal cavity
D. In the posterior one fourth of the roof of the mouth |
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Definition
| C. On the floor of the nasal cavity |
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Term
Which evaluation criteria pertains to the SMV projection for sinuses?
A. Petrous ridges should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits
B. Mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges
C. Mandibular condyles should be posterior to the petrous ridges
D. Petrous ridges should lie immediately below the floor of the maxillary sinuses |
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Definition
| B. Mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges |
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Term
Which position line should be perpendicular to the cassette when positioning for the lateral facial bone?
A. Orbiomeatal
B. Interpupillary
C. Acanthiomeatal
D. Infraorbiomeatal |
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Definition
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Term
Which evaluation criterion pertains to the SMV projection for the sinuses?
A. Mandibular rami should be superimposed
B. Frontal and ethmoidal sinuses should be clearly seen
C. Mental protuberance should be superimposed anterior to frontal bone
D. Petrous ridges should lie immediately below the floor of the maxillary sinuses |
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Definition
| C. Mental protuberance should be superimposed anterior to frontal bone |
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Term
Which evaluation criterion pertains to the parietoacanthial projection for sinuses?
A. Mandibular rami should be superimposed
B. Petrous ridges should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits
C. Mental protuberance should be superimposed anterior to frontal bone
D. Petrous ridges should lie immediately below the floor of the maxillary sinuses |
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Definition
| D. Petrous ridges should lie immediately below the floor of the maxillary sinuses |
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Term
Which evaluation criterion pertains to the PA axial projection (Caldwell method) for sinuses?
A. Orbital roofs should be superimposed
B. Mandibular rami should be superimposed
C. Petrous ridges should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits
D. The mental protuberance should superimpose the anterior frontal bone |
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Definition
| C. Petrous ridges should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits |
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Term
Which evaluation criterion pertains to the lateral projection of the sinuses?
A. The orbital roofs should be superimposed
B. The petrous pyramids should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits
C. The mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges
D. The mental protuberance should superimpose the anterior frontal bone |
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Definition
| A. The orbital roofs should be superimposed |
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Term
Which evaluation criteria pertains to the lateral projection of the sinuses?
A. All four sinus groups should be included B. The petrous pyramids should lie in the lower one-third of the orbits C. The mental protberance should superimpose the anterior frontal bone D. The petrous pyramids should lie immediately below the floor of the maxillary sinuses |
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Definition
| A. All four sinus groups should be included |
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Term
Where on the patient's head should the CR be directed for a lateral view of the sinuses?
A. 2 inches above the EAM
B. 2 inches below the EAM
C. 1/2 to 1 inch anterior to outer canthus
D. 1/2 to 1 inch posterior to the outer canthus |
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Definition
| D. 1/2 to 1 inch posterior to the outer canthus |
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Term
For the parietoacanthal projection for the sinuses, how should the CR be directed?
A. Perpendicular
B. 37 degrees cephalically
C. 37 degrees caudally
D. 15 degrees caudally |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following are evaluation criteria for the SMV for sinuses?
1. The mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous pyramids.
2. The maxillary sinuses should be visualized clearly.
3. The mental protuberance should superimpose the anterior frontal bone.
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following are evaluation criteria for the open-mouth parietoacanthial projection?
1. The sphenoid sinuses should be seen projected through the open-mouth
2. The maxillary sinuses should be visualized clearly
3. The orbits and maxillary sinuses should be symmetric on both sides
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3 |
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Definition
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Term
Which positioning line should form an angle of 37 degrees with the IR for the parietoacanthial projection, Water's method?
A. OML
B. Glabellomeatal
C. Acanthiomeatal
D. Infraorbiomeatal |
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Definition
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Term
With reference to the IR, how should the CR be directed for the parietoacanthial projection, Water's method?
A. Perpendicular
B. 15 degrees caudad
C. 23 degrees caudad
D. 37 degrees caudad |
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Definition
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Term
| In which projection of the sinuses is the IR centered to the nasion? A. Lateral B. PA Axial Caldwell C. SMV D. Parietoacanthial, Water's projection |
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Definition
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Term
In which projection of the sinuses must the OML form an angle of 15 degrees with the plane of the IR?
A. Lateral
B. PA Axial, Caldwell method
C. SMV
D. Parietoacanthial, Water's method |
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Definition
| B. PA Axial, Caldwell method |
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Term
Which paranasal sinus group is superior to the other sinus groups?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal |
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Definition
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Term
Which paranasal sinuses are mostly inferior to the orbits?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal |
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Definition
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Term
Which paranasal sinuses are located directly below the sella turcica?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal |
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Definition
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Term
Which paranasal sinus group is posterior to the ethmoidal sinuses?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal |
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Definition
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Term
In which body position should the patient be placed for radiographs of the paranasal sinuses?
A. Prone
B. Supine
C. Upright |
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Definition
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Term
Which sinus stuctures are primarily demonstrated in the PA Axial Caldwell method for sinuses?
A. Frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoid air cells
B. Frontal sinuses and posterior ethmoid air cells
C. Maxillary sinuses and anterior ethmoidal air cells
D. Maxillary sinuses and posterior ethmoidal air cells |
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Definition
| A. Frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoid air cells |
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Term
Which sinus group is not well demonstrated in the image produced by the parietoacanthial projection, Water's method?
A. Frontal
B. Maxillary
C. Ethmoidal
D. Sphenoidal |
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Definition
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Term
For the PA axial projection, Caldwell method, of the sinuses, which positioning line, in addition to the MSP, should be perpendicular to the IR?
A. Orbiomeatal
B. Interpupillary
C. Glabellomeatal
D. Infraorbitomeatal |
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Definition
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Term
How should you instruct your patient when you are positioning them for a PA open-mouth Water's method?
A. Open your mouth
B. Hold still
C. Drop your jaw
D. Don't breath |
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Definition
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