Term
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Definition
| Reproduction is the production of offspring. There are two main forms: sexual and asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic information from each of its parents and is genetically unique. |
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Term
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Definition
- New organism obtains a set of chromosomes from its parent or parents.
- Parent organism's cells divide by a kind of cell division called mitosis.
- Exactly the same genes as the parents cell.
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Term
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Definition
- Parent organism produces sex cells called gametes. (Eggs and sperm are examples)
- Two of these gametes join and their nuclei fuse together called fertilisation.
- The new cell formed by fertilisation called zygote.
- The zygote divides again and again, eventually grows into a new organism.
- Zygote contains chromosomes from both its parents.
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Term
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Definition
- Full 46 chromosomes / human egg and sperm cells only have 23 chromosomes each.
- When an egg and sperm fuse together at fertilisation, the zygote which is formed. Therefore, have 46 chromosomes.
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Term
Full number of chromosomes, with two complete sets, is called a diploid cell.
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Definition
Only has 23 chromosomes a single set. It is called a haploid cell.
Gametes are always haploid
they form diploid |
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Term
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Definition
Human
FEMALE: egg
MALE: sperm
Plant
FEMALE: Ovule
MALE: Found in pollen grain |
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Term
Some organism produce both egg and sperm
(Earthworms , slugs) |
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Definition
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Term
Gland called nectary
makes a sugary liquid called nectar, which insects feed on.
Inside the petals are the stamens. These are the male parts of the flower.
Each stamen is made up of a long filament.
Filament, with an anther at the top. The anthers contain pollen grains, which contain the male gametes. |
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Definition
The female part of the flower is in the center.
It consists of one or more carpels.
A carpel contains and ovary.
Inside the ovary are many Ovules, which contain female gametes.
Function of the stigma is to catch pollen grains. |
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Term
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Definition
| The transfer of pollen grains from the male part of the plant to the female part of the plant |
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Term
Self pollination- The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower, or a different flower on the same plant.
Cross pollination- The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| if it has landed on the right kind of stigma, the pollen grain begins to grow as tube. Your can try growing some pollen tubes, in Activity The pollen tube growth down through the style and the ovary, towards the ovule. It secretes enzymes to digest a pathway through the style .The ovule is surrounded by several layers of cells called the integuments. At one end, there is a small hole in the integuments, called the micropyle. the pollen tube grows through the micropyle, into the ovule. It fuses with the ovule nucleus. Fertilisation has now taken place. on the pollen grain can be needed the fertilise them . |
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Term
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Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
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Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
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Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
|
Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
|
Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
|
Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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Term
|
Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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|
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Term
|
Definition
After fertilisation the flower fall of
Inside the ovary, the ovules start to grow(contain zygote)
the zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo plant.
The ovule is not called a seed.
the ovule become hard and dry, to form the testa of the seed. Water is withdrawn from the seed , so that it becomes dormant.
The embryo consists of a radicle, which will grow into a root, and a plumule, which will grow into a shoot
The seed also contain food for the embryo.
the food is stored in two cream - coloured cotyledons. These contain starch and protein . The cotyledons also contain enzymes.
Surrounding the cotyledons is a tough, protective covering called the testa. The testa stops the embryo from being damaged and it prevents bacteria and fungi from entering the seed.
The testa has a tiny hole in it called micropyle. When a seed has been separated from the plant, micropyle there is a scar, the hilum
Where the seed was joined to the pod
The ovary also grows . It is now called a fruit
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