Term
| The male produces sex cells called _________________ in the _________, and delivers the sperm to the female reproductive tract in order to fertilize the product of the __________, __________. |
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Definition
| spermatazoa [sperm]; testes; ovaries; ova [eggs] |
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Term
| Testes and ovaries are generically called _________ which produce sex hormones for secondary sex characteristics and basic sexual behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the accessory reproductive structures in the male reproductive system that either protect the sperm or aid the delivery of the sperm to the female tract? |
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Definition
| scrotum, ducts, glands, and penis |
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Term
| The __________ lie in the saclike __________ outside the pelvic cavity. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the scrotum important? |
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Definition
| Viable sperm cannot be produced at the internal body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit). The scrotum keeps the temperature about 3 degrees Celsius lower [93.2 degrees Fahrenheit] than the internal body temperature. |
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Term
| At cold temperatures, the __________ muscle, a smooth muscle layer in the epidermis of the scrotum, contracts to cause wrinkling of the scrotal skin when pulled closer to the warmth of the body. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ muscles, bands of skeletal muscle that connects the testes to the abdominal fascia, elevate the testes when the testes are either exposed to cold temperatures. |
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Definition
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Term
| Each testis is covered by a dense irregular connective tissue, the ________________ which divides each testis into 200-300 wedge-shaped lobules. |
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Definition
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Term
| Each lobule divided by the tunica albuginea has 1-3 tightly coiled _______________ where ________________ occurs. |
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Definition
| Seminiferous tubules; spermatogenesis [meiosis] |
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Term
| The hormone, ___________________, starts the sperm production that takes about 65 days. |
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Definition
| follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) |
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Term
| Spermatogenesis begins with cells on the periphery of the ____________________. FSH initiates the cell divisions that will create __________ (how many?) spermatids, each having ____(#) chromosomes, half of the ____(#)found in a somatic cell. |
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Definition
| seminiferous tubule; 4; 23; 46 |
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Term
| Each spermatid develops with the aid of a _____________ cell which nourishes them. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sustenacular cells secrete __________, a hormone that __________ FSH. (i.e., negative feedback loop) |
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Definition
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Term
| The head of the sperm contains the nucleus with genetic material and an ________, a covering that contains digestive enzymes. |
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Definition
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Term
| The midpiece of the sperm contains ____________ to make ATP for sperm locomotion. |
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Definition
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Term
| The tail is a ___________ for locomotion. |
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Definition
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Term
| Once ejaculated into the female reproductive tract, sperm can live for about ______ hours. |
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Definition
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Term
| Between seminiferous tubules are _______________. |
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Definition
| interstitial cells (endocrine cells) |
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Term
| The hormone, ________________, secreted by the anterior pituitary stimulates the interstitial cells to produce the male sex hormones, the ____________. |
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Definition
| Leutenizing hormone (LH); androgens (primarily testosterone) |
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Term
| Immature sperm enter the ___________ for 10 to 14 days until they are both motile and capable of fertilizing an ovum. This process is ______________. |
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Definition
| epididymis; spermiogenesis |
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Term
| Spermatazoa can be stored in the __________ for at least a month. If they are not ejaculated they _____________ and are ___________. |
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Definition
| epididymis; degenerate and are absorbed |
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Term
| During sexual stimulation and ejaculating, smooth muscle in the walls of each epididymis contracts rhythmically, propelling sperm into each _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sperm from the epididymis passing through the ductus deferens joins the duct of the _______________ to form the _________________. |
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Definition
| seminal vesicle; ejaculatory duct |
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Term
| The ejaculatory ducts from each side eject sperm into the _____________ to merge with the urethra. |
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Definition
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Term
| The urethra, 6-8 inches long, passes from the urinary bladder through the prostate gland (____________), through the urogenital diaphragm (____________) and then through the penis (____________). |
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Definition
| prostatic urethral; membranous urethra; penile urethra |
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Term
| During ejaculation, the ___________________ closes, preventing any urine flow. |
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Definition
| internal urethral sphincter |
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Term
| The ductus deferens is part of the ____________, which includes autonomic nerves, lymphatic veins, testicular artery and veins, _______________. |
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Definition
| spermatic cord; pampiniform plexus |
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Term
| Seminal vescicles produce about 60% of the ______________, the liquid portion of semen. |
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Definition
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Term
| The seminal fluid has _______________ for the sperm's ATP energy production. |
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Definition
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Term
| What other functions does the seminal fluid serve? |
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Definition
| It's slightly alkaline to help neutralize the acidic pH of the male's urethra and the female's vagina, and has enzymes to activate sperm motility and an antibiotic that kills bacteria in the reproductive tracts. |
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Term
| The prostate gland is a single gland about the size of a walnut that secretes up to 30% of the seminal fluid adding ____________ and _____________. |
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Definition
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