Term
| in evaluating the general believability of any research study, what are the 2 MAJOR concerns |
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Definition
-generalizability: the capacity of the findings to be generalized to a larger group than the one that participated in the study
-credibility / trustworthiness |
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Term
| what is generalizability known as in quantitive research |
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Definition
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Term
| internal validity definition |
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Definition
| the capacity of the study to link cause and effect |
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Term
| what is a confounding variable |
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Definition
| it blurs or masks the effect of another variable |
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Term
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Definition
| bad refers to a situation where there is a systemic error in the measurement of a variable |
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Term
| common examples of ways that bias may enter a study |
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Definition
-history: an event that occurs during the course of the study and influences the outcome (unrelated to treatment or intervention)
-maturation: refers to events that occur naturally with the passage of time
-testing: learned responses (becoming familiar with a process)
-instrumentation: need to be reliable and valid / instrument decay: when it becomes a threat to internal validity
-regression: describes the tendency of very high or very low baseline or initial measurements to average out by the end of a study
-selection (most important and subtle)
-mortality: is the tendency for people to drop out or stop participating in research studies before the data collection is completed |
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Term
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Definition
| falsely concluding that a genuine effect exists |
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Term
| explain the term small sample size |
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Definition
| when there isn't enough participants in a quantitive study |
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Term
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Definition
| falsely concluding that no effect is present |
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Term
| what does lack of standardization mean |
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Definition
| larger amounts of variation that can be considered measurement error |
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Term
| what is a random assignment group used for |
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Definition
| to reduce the potential effect of influences over which the investigator has no control.. control group is used to for comparison |
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Term
| how is treatment effect measured |
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Definition
| by subtracting the mean or average of the control group from that of the treatment group |
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Term
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Definition
| concealing the group assignment from the participants, the researchers or both |
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Term
| what's a single blind study |
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Definition
| when only the participants or the researcher is blinded |
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Term
| double blind study definition |
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Definition
| neither the researcher or participants know which group is receiving the active treatments |
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Term
| what is a placebo response synonymously called |
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Definition
| nonspecific response/treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| when negative expectations of the patient regarding a treatment cause the treatment to have a more negative effect then it otherwise would have |
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Term
| what is a shame treatment |
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Definition
| a variation of the placebo control designed to separate the specific effect of a treatment from nonspecific effects |
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Term
| what is model fit validity |
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Definition
| the idea that the underlying assumptions or model of the research methods being used should match those of the therapy being studies |
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