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Research Methods Terms
Terms related to Research Methods
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Undergraduate 3
07/19/2012

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Term
Accuracy
Definition
A term used in survey research to refer to the match between the target
population and the sample
Term
Case Study
Definition
The collection and presentation of detailed information about a particular
participant or small group, frequently including the accounts of subjects
themselves
Term
Confidence Level
Definition
The specific probability of obtaining some result from a sample if it did not
exist in the population as a whole, at or below which the relationship will be
regarded as statistically significant
Term
Confidence Level
Definition
The specific probability of obtaining some result from a sample if it did not
exist in the population as a whole, at or below which the relationship will be
regarded as statistically significant
Term
Correlation
Definition
1) A common statistical analysis, usually abbreviated as r, that measures the degree of relationship between pairs of interval variables in a sample. The range of correlation is from -1.00 to zero to +1.00. 2) A non-cause and effect relationship between two variables
Term
Generalizability
Definition
The extent to which research findings and conclusions from a study conducted
on a sample population can be applied to the population at large
Term
Hypertext
Definition
A nonsequential text composed of links and nodes
Term
Mean
Definition
The average score within a distribution
Term
Normal distribution
Definition
A normal frequency distribution representing the probability that a majority of
randomly selected members of a population will fall within the middle of the
distribution. Represented by the bell curve
Term
Population
Definition
The target group under investigation
Term
Probability
Definition
The chance that a phenomenon has of occurring randomly. As a statistical
measure, it's shown as p (the "p" factor)
Term
Qualitative Research
Definition
Empirical research in which the researcher explores relationships using
textual, rather than quantitative data. Case study, observation, and
ethnography are considered forms of qualitative research. Results are not
usually considered generalizable, but are often transferable
Term
Quantitative Research
Definition
Empirical research in which the researcher explores relationships using
numeric data. Survey is generally considered a form of quantitative research. Results can often be generalized, though this is not always the case
Term
Randomization
Definition
Used to allocate subjects to experimental and control groups. The subjects areinitially considered not unequal because they were randomly selected
Term
Replicability
Definition
A study is considered replicable if it can be repeated by another researcher
Term
Research problem
Definition
A formal statement of question or hypothesis that implies empirical investigation
Term
Research question
Definition
A question that reframes all of the descriptions of points from the readers' or consumers' perspective
Term
Sampling Error
Definition
The degree to which the results from the sample deviate from those that wouldbe obtained from the entire population, because of random error in theselection of respondent and the corresponding reduction in reliability
Term
Serial Effect
Definition
In survey research, a situation where questions may "lead" participant
responses through establishing a certain tone early in the questionnaire. The serial effect may accrue as several questions establish a pattern of response in the participant, biasing results
Term
Validity
Definition
The degree to which a study accurately reflects or assesses the specific concept that the researcher is attempting to measure. A method can be reliable,consistently measuring the same thing, but not valid
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