Term
| _______________ is a fibronodular lung disease caused by inhalation of dust containing crystalline silica, which is distributed widely |
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Definition
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Term
| signs and symptoms of silicosis may vary with the severity of the disease, and may include: __________, __________, _________ and __________. |
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Definition
| tachypnea, rhonchi, rales, and cyanosis |
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Term
| preferred tool in the diagnosis of silicosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ is a pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers, classically causing a chronic, diffuse, interstitial fibrosis of the lung |
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Definition
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Term
| clinical signs of this disease may include: end-expiratory rales, best heard at the lung bases; clubbing; reduced chest expansion consistent with a restrictive lung disease; cyanosis; jugular venous distension; and pedal edema |
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Definition
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Term
| basic and required imaging study in the diagnosis of asbestosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| _________________________ is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the lung parenchyma; clinical presentation is variable, with an insidious onset and progressive course |
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Definition
| idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) |
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Term
| high-resolution chest CT scanning may reveal a characteristic reticular pattern as the most common finding in _______________; Pulmonary function testing may reveal reduced FVC and FEV1.0, but the ratio of FEV1.0/FVC is usually normal or increased |
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Definition
| diffuse parenchymal lung disease |
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Term
| during an episode of acute _________, the cells of the bronchial lining tissue are irritated and the mucous membrane is hyperemic and edematous, diminishing bronchial mucociliary function; consequently, the air passages become clogged by debris and irritation increases; in response, copious secretion of mucus develops, which causes the characteristic cough of _________; common causes include viruses (up to 95% of cases) and bacteria (often causing acute ________ as an exacerbation of COPD); contributing factors that predispose a patient to developing acute ________ include: COPD; bronchiectasis; cystic fibrosis; CHF; and cigarette smoking |
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Definition
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Term
| the most common etiologic agent causing viral pneumonia in the US adult population |
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ is an acute febrile illness caused by infection with a single stranded RNA orthomyxovirus |
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Definition
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Term
| ________________ is defined as the abnormal and permanent dilatation of one or more bronchi, most often secondary to an infectious process, that may be either focal, involving airways supplying a limited region of pulmonary parenchyma, or diffuse, involving airways in a more widespread distribution, and constituting a form of obstructive lung disease; ______________ can be categorized as a chronic obstructive pulmonary lung disease manifested by airways that are inflamed and easily collapsible, resulting in air flow obstruction and impaired clearance of secretions |
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Definition
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Term
| A _____________ effusion has low protein content and is usually due to heart failure, uremia, or hypoalbuminemia; an ___________ effusion is due most often to inflammation, malignancy, or infection and has high protein and cell count |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| incomplete expansion of the lung; obstructive atelectasis is the most common type, and results from tumor, foreign body, and mucus plugging |
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Term
| 5 year survival rate of lung cancer patients |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| non small cell lung cancer; comprise about 35% of lung cancers; frequently located in the periphery |
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Term
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Definition
| a.k.a. oat cell carcinomas; worse prognosis than non small cell carcinomas; comprise 20% of lung cancers; tend to metastasize through the lymphatics |
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Term
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Definition
| comprise 20-30% of lung cancers; centrally located |
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Term
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Definition
| peripherally located; comprise 15-20% of lung cancers; metastasize early to mediastinum and brain |
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Term
| bronchoalveolar carcinomas |
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Definition
| comprise 5% of lung cancers; the only carcinoma not associated with cigarette smoking |
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Term
| _________________ is a symptom complex characterized by paroxysmal vasomotor disturbances, diarrhea, bronchospasm, and cutaneous flushing, caused by the action of amines and peptides (serotonin, bradykinin, histamine) produced by tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells; tumors are found 3.5% of the time in the bronchus |
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Definition
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Term
| the most common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis |
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Definition
| low grade fever; dyspnea unusual unless TB is significantly progressed |
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Term
| common signs of _______________ include: loud pulmonic component of S2; pulmonic ejection murmur; prominent jugular pulsations or jugular venous distension; and signs of right ventricular failure such as hepatic enlargement, ascities, and peripheral edema |
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Definition
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Term
| _________________ are thin walled cystic structures formed by abnormal detachment of a fragment of primitive foregut. The result is an outbranching of the bronchial tree lined with bronchial epithelium and filled with mucus |
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Definition
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Term
| _____________ is a disease of exocrine gland function, involving multiple organ systems and chiefly resulting in chronic respiratory infections, pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, and associated complications in untreated patients; pulmonary involvement occurs in 90% of patients surviving the neonatal period; endstage lung disease is the principal cause of death |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ is an acute condition characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia in the absence of evidence for cardiogenic pulmonary edema; lung injury in is characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane, diffuse alveolar damage, and the accumulation of proteinaceous pulmonary edema |
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Definition
| ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| sepsis (the most common cause); aspiration; shock; pneumonia; smoke inhalation during a fire; disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC); near drowning; severe non thoracic trauma; extensive burns; amniotic fluid embolus; eclampsia; and prolonged coronary bypass |
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Term
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Definition
| ARDS is defined as the presence of bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiograph, impaired oxygenation, and absence of elevated pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) or left atrial pressure; stated another way, ARDS is the presence of pulmonary edema in the absence of volume overload or depressed left ventricular function |
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Term
| _____ results from delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid following delivery |
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Definition
| TTN (transient tachypnea of the newborn) |
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Term
| ____ commonly is observed following birth by cesarean delivery because infants do not receive the thoracic compression that accompanies vaginal delivery |
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Definition
| TNN (transient tachypnea of the newborn) |
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Term
| ________________ is a rare vasculitis characterised by the triad of: glomerulonephritis, pulmonary hemorrhage, and autoantibodies to the glomerular basement membrane; occurs most frequently in young men and may cause renal failure, hemoptysis with pulmonary infiltrates and dyspnea |
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Definition
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