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| part of the cursus honorum (order of senatorial ranks). The aediles had administrative responsibilities in Rome. They had to take care of the temples,they organized games and were responsible for the maintenance of the public buildings in Rome. |
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| concise form of historical writing which record events chronologically, year by year. |
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latin for "just or fair warfare"
bellum means war, we get the word belligerent...
iustum is for just or fair |
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| Latin for the process where land was marked out and distributed to Roman colonists. |
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| The supreme power in the Roman Republic was the assembly which was made up of all the citizens of Rome. There were two assemblies, the assembly of centuries (comitia centuriata) and the assembly of tribes (comitia tributa). The comitia centuriata divided Romans on the basis of age and wealth as well as residence. |
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| the principal assembly during the first two decades of the Roman Republic. The Curiate Assembly passed laws, elected Consuls (the only elected magistrates at the time),[4] and tried judicial cases. Consuls always presided over the assembly. |
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| The supreme power in the Roman Republic was the assembly which was made up of all the citizens of Rome. There were two assemblies, the assembly of centuries (comitia centuriata) and the assembly of tribes (comitia tributa). The comitia tributa was made up of the thirty-five tribes, of which there were four tribes in the city itself, sixteen in the immediate vicinity, and fifteen in the area beyond. When a vote was taken (in Rome), each tribe had a single vote. Those citizens living in the outlying farm areas had more impact per vote than those living in the densely packed urban area, but it was a hardship to leave the farm to get to Rome. This tribal voting system kept the urban dwellers from making decisions that hurt the farmers upon whose productivity all Rome depended. The Comitia Tributa elected the financial magistrates known as Quaestores and the patrician Curule Aedile. |
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| During the time of ancient Rome as a Republic, the consuls were the highest civil and military magistrates, serving as the heads of government for the Republic. New consuls were elected every year. There were two consuls, and they ruled together. However, after the establishment of the Empire, the consuls were merely a figurative representative of Rome’s republican heritage and held very little power and authority, with the emperor acting as the supreme leader. |
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latin for "On the laws."
written by Cicero, Cicero uses this as a platform for expounding on his theories of natural law of harmony among the classes. |
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| Latin for on the commonwealth is a dialogue on Roman politics by Cicero, Cicero employed various speakers to raise differing opinions in an attempt to make it more difficult for these adversaries to take him to task on what he had written |
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| regarded as the sum of the personal clout and influence that a male citizen acquired throughout his life. When weighing the dignitas of a particular individual, factors such as personal reputation, moral standing, and ethical worth had to be considered, along with the man's entitlement to respect and proper treatment. |
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| the official style of two joint magistrates. Such pairs of magistrates were appointed at various periods of Roman history both in Rome itself and in the colonies and municipia. |
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| The expression of things in words in such a way that an affair seems to be taking place and the subject to be present before the eyes. |
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| loose alliances based on friendships in Roman government. |
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| n ancient Rome, imperium could be used as a term indicating a characteristic of people, the wealth held in items, or the measure of formal power they had. |
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| one or more persons engaged in activity that is hostile to the society. |
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| a period of discontinuity of a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one monarch and the next |
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| public games held for the benefit and entertainment of the Roman people |
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| The negotiatores were in part bankers because they lent money on interest. They also bought and sold staples in bulk or did commerce in wholesale quantities of goods. |
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| new man, first person in lineage to hold consulship. |
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| defended the traditional ways of the Senate |
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| A person of exceptional education, background and refinement, an aristocrat. The patricians were the rich landowners. They would often have a house in the city and a villa in the country that was run by slaves. Those who were well-off lived in townhouses with central courtyards know as atriums. |
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| Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows to another. |
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| Plebeians were the working class of Ancient Rome. |
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| used unorthodox methods (usually appealing to people outside of the Senate) to gain political power. |
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| Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army, either before it was mustered or more typically in the field, or an elected magistrate assigned duties that varied depending on the historical period |
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| the public identification and official condemnation of enemies of the state. |
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| public contractors, in which role they often supplied the Roman legions and military, managed the collection of port duties, and oversaw public building projects. In addition, they served as tax collectors for the Republic |
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In 275 BC Rome defeated Pyhrrus.
the victory made Rome notice other Mediterranean powers as a force to be reckoned with (Carthaginians) |
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| lowest elected office that qualifies a person for enrollment in the Senate. had financial duties |
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| The Senate was composed of 300 members that served for life. They gave opinions and couldn't pass laws, but their opinions influenced the law. |
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| An ordinary white toga with a broad purple stripe on its border. the right to wear it was sometimes bestowed as an honor independent of formal rank. |
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