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Roman Religion
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42
Other
Graduate
12/06/2009

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Cards

Term
Pax deorum:
Definition
Peace of the Gods, the whole of Roman religion as based on this.  As long as all Gods received their due rituals and sacrifices they would remain loyal and helpful to the community. 
Term
polytheism/polytheistic:
Definition

the worship of many gods, division of power and responsibility between the Gods, each God specialized in Roman life


Term
state religion: 
Definition

grew out of the rights performed by local families, provide benefits for the communities of the whole. Religion became associated with politics and society so they could attain the favor of the Gods, No state action is undergone before making contact with the Gods. basis of the religion was that gods and spirits were responsible for natural phenomenon. It was religion without theology, and individuals belief system had no part in this religion, civic Gods, thus cult of emperors becomes a part of Roman state religion. Was not static, absorbed Gods from other cultures.


Term
Epithet
Definition
descriptive word or phrase accompanying the the God or Goddess. used in religion to describe the god’s essence or role ex Jupiter optimus maximus
Term
personification: 
Definition
the God’s appeared and looked like humans and had human traits on a grander scale
Term
Votive object: 
Definition
 objects left in sacred places
Term
paterfamilias:
Definition
oldest male in charge of the family, in charge of religion life etc
Term
Sacerdotes:
Definition
the lesser everyday priesthood that tend the temples
Term
dies nefasti:
Definition
days in which it was not permitted to conduct legal business, pontiffs determined these dates
Term
dies fasti:
Definition
the days when it was permitted to conduct legal business, also determined by the pontiffs
Term
Pontifices: 
Definition
 the priest positions that controlled the state religion, like determining the days of festivals etc.
Term
Augures: 
Definition
a college of priests authorized to read and interpre signs from the gods, from such events as watching the flight of birtds, the practice of augury. The auspices were taken before any major event. Augurs were elected for life and highly trained
Term
Jupiter/Jove:
Definition
Father of the Gods and Men, everything good, fate itself was suboordinate to him and he had 33 different epithets of him. Part of Capotoline triad
Term
Apollo:
Definition
God of health poetry, and music, prophet, sun. was an important to Augustus
Term
Venus: 
Definition
Fertility, mother of Aeneas, hence was one of the founding Goddesses of Rome. Represented universal motherhood. 
Term
Juno:
Definition

Wife of Jupiter, managed all important times in a woman’s life. such as marriage. Her temple is on the Capotoline hill. Part of the Capotoline Triad. 


Term
Neptune:
Definition

God of the Sea, Posiedon in greek religion. Also God of horses. 


Term
Minerva: 
Definition
 Athena in the Greek religion. Goddess of strategic war, power, wisdom, crafts. Aslo part of the Capotoline Triad
Term
Diana:
Definition
 huntress, wild nature and wood and protected women in child birth
Term
Vesta: 
Definition

Goddess of the hearth, was worshipped inside the home as well as by the state, no cult statue but was rather represented by a flame and the vestal virgins presided over her in the state religion. 


Term
Mercury:
Definition
Messenger God, granted trade, abundance, and commercial success.
Term
Ceres:
Definition

 Demeter in Greek religion, goddess of the Earth, harvest etc.


Term
Roma:
Definition
personification of the Rome State, came to Rome during Hadrians period. 
Term
Victory/Victoria:
Definition
Guardian of the empire
Term
Hercules: 
Definition
Vital to Romans bcause is the God of Victory and commerce and might, mortal who became immortal
Term
Rex Sacrorum:
Definition
the king of all sa cred things, elected for life, in charce of carrying out various state sacrifices
Term
Lares:
Definition
spirits of dead ancestors, the family spirit
Term
lararium: 
Definition

 place or shrine in the house where daily offerings were made to the lares

lar familiaris: the lares of the family, represented individual religion of the family, protected the house. 

Term
Cult of Isis:
Definition
mystery cult, represented fertility and loving mother, avenged death, power of creation and re-birth
Term
Cult of Dionysus:
Definition
mystery cult, from asia minor from the 7th C BC. little is known and people were apart of it were sworn to secrecy
Term
Cult of Mithras
Definition
Mithraism only open to men, slaying bull, hunt kill a divine bull, toroctamy, central part of the religion. promised a nice afterlife
Term
Mithraeum
Definition
underground location where the baptism and ritual of the cult of Mithras would take place
Term
Judaism:
Definition

just one god, based in Jerusalem, natural and moral law, strict rules of how to worship. were allowed to worship and tolerated because they were such ancient people


Term
Christianity: 
Definition
 early christians considered Jewish with cult, strictly monotheistic. there was a choice that had to be made between religion and state therefore they were prosecuted 
Term
deification/deified:
Definition
 becoming a god after one dies, intricate part of the Cult of the Emperors, for example Julius Caesar was the 1st emperor diefied after death. 
Term
deification/deified
Definition
 becoming a god after one dies, intricate part of the Cult of the Emperors, for example Julius Caesar was the 1st emperor diefied after death. 
Term
Apotheosis:
Definition
the process of becoming deified, usually the senate decided. 
Term
Feriae:
Definition
 public festivals 
Term
feriae stativae:
Definition
annual festivals on fixed dates
Term
feriae conceptivae: 
Definition
festivals whose dates were set annually by the priests and magistrates
Term
feriae imperativae: 
Definition
irregular holidays proclaimed by consuls, praetors, or dictators for things like celebrating a victory.
Term
patera
Definition
libation bowl 
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