Term
|
Definition
| The process of settling in a new territory and establishing control over the people of an area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Gunpowder Empires were the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires. They used guns/firearms for control. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Doctrine that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule and that rebellion against them is a sin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Belief that one person should hold all power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rule by one person — a monarch, usually a king or a queen — whose actions are restricted by law or custom. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absolute monarch who reigned as King of France, known as the Sun King |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A series of battles between King Charles I and Parliament members in England, Scotland and Ireland. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by the Dutch William III. Known as the "Bloodless Revolution" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The British legislature, consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state and follows a constitution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A law that declared civil rights and William III was required to sign to limit his power. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rapid advances in European scientific, mathematical, and political thought. Historic changes in thinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A movement in which people used reason to make decisions in society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rights that people supposedly have under natural law. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypothetical agreement among people and their ruler that defines and limits the rights of each. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A person who thinks rationally in areas outside science and theology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A English philosopher who didn't believe in divine right for a social contract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English philosopher who believed people could rebel against governments that didn't protect people's natural rights |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French philosopher who wrote about the separation of power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A French philosopher to emphasized the general will of the people through a legislature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian philosopher who wrote on criminal justice--did not believe in torture or the death penalty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An English philosopher and advocate of women's rights and equality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French philosopher who believed in separation of church and state and freedom of speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absolute monarchs who pursued legal, social, and educational reforms inspired by the Enlightenment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enlightened queen who opened hospitals and schools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of absolute monarchy inspired by the Enlightenment. Power directs the behavior of others by a person, government, or economy. |
|
|
Term
| How did European monarchs justify absolutism? |
|
Definition
| Absolute monarchy is when all governmental power and responsibility is centered in the monarch. They justified it by believing their power was from God. |
|
|
Term
| How did the English Civil War shift power in England? |
|
Definition
| These wars were between supporters of the king's right to absolute authority, and supporters of the rights of Parliament—which, while not a fully democratic institution—did represent a check on the power of the monarch. An English Bill of Rights was signed by William III. |
|
|
Term
| How did the Enlightenment rethink society and power? |
|
Definition
| Enlightenment thinkers used reason to think about and solve problems, rather than just doing what has always been done traditionally. Their perspective centered on humanism |
|
|
Term
| Compare and contrast the philosophies of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. |
|
Definition
| They both great thinkers of their time and noted for their influences on political thinking. Hobbes believed people are generally bad, but Locke thinks they are generally good. Hobbes believed in absolute monarchy and Locke believed in government protecting the people. |
|
|
Term
| Identify three Enlightenment thinkers and describe how their ideas were revolutionary. |
|
Definition
| John Locke, Mary Wallstonecraft, and Beccaria. John Locke did not believe in monarchy. Mary Wallstonecraft believed women should be equal to men. Beccaria didn't believe in torture or the death penalty. |
|
|
Term
| How should power be distributed in society? |
|
Definition
| power should be distributed between people within groups such as a government and the society. |
|
|
